央企数字化转型：航天科技集团始终以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指引，深入学习习总书记网络强国、数字中国的重要指示精神，研究落实党中央、国务院关于推动数字经济和实体经济融合发展的决策部署，将数字化转型作为改造提升传统动能、培育发展新动能的重要手段，全面推进数字航天建设。
一、深刻认识数字化转型的形势要求
（一）是支撑航天强国和世界一流军队建设的重要手段。航天科技集团认真落实习总书记“8·26”重要批示，以国家安全观、国家重大战略和经济社会发展需求为牵引，聚焦主责主业，履行航天强国建设和支撑世界一流军队建设首责，加快建成世界一流航天企业集团，就必须抢抓数字化转型的重大机遇，全面开启建设新征程。
（二）是建设世界一流示范企业的必然途径。第四次工业革命对传统行业带来冲击甚至颠覆，人工智能、5G、数字孪生等数字技术与工业融合将改变我们所知的世界，将会给全球经济增长带来新的动能。对照国资委关于世界一流示范企业建设要求，航天科技集团必须抓住全球数字化发展新趋势，增强核心竞争力和价值创造力，推动实现数字化转型。
（三）是航天科技集团“三高”发展的内在需要。航天科技集团型号研制任务重、周期短、质量要求高，需要新一代信息技术与航天科研生产任务紧密融合，需要管理和商业模式深度变革重构，通过科研生产和经营管理数字化转型，构建以数据为核心的数字航天工业新体系，助力航天科技集团高质量、高效率、高效益发展。
二、航天科技集团数字化转型的目标与思路
航天科技集团数字化转型的目标是紧密围绕建设航天强国和世界一流航天企业集团的要求，深化新一代信息技术与航天科技工业体系融合，立足数据思维推进数字航天建设,建立覆盖国密网、商密网、互联网全场景，集团、院、厂所全级次，经营管理全要素和科研生产全过程的数字化体系，实现研制协同高效、管理规范精细、数据实时共享和决策科学智能，助力集团公司高质量、高效率、高效益发展。
数字化转型本质上是业务转型，是新一代信息技术驱动下的研制业务和管理模式的变革重构，是一项长期的系统工程，面临方方面面的挑战。航天科技集团从转意识、转路径、转方法、转组织四个方面来推动数字化转型落地实施。
（一）强化数据思维转意识。以大数据为代表的信息资源正向着生产要素的形态演进，数据已成为航天科技集团重要的战略资源和核心资产。航天科技集团正在树立以数据驱动为核心的发展意识，通过数据来改变传统的管理思路和模式，习惯用数据说话、用数据管理、用数据决策、用数据创新，最终实现全量数据采集汇聚、全域数据贯通融合、全维数据智能分析，彻底盘活数据资产，提升基于大数据的科学决策能力，实现从传统的小样本经验思维向智能的大样本数据思维模式转变，最终推动经营管理效能提升。
（二）注重执行成效转路径。数字化转型是企业级的战略，是企业总体战略的重要组成部分，航天科技集团坚持战略与执行并重。战略制定强调顶层设计、全局统筹和体系发展，从企业战略逐层解码，找到行动的目标、路径；战略执行强调上下结合，在顶层规划的指引下，积极组织科研生产一线单位的数字化转型探索和创新，将数字技术和具体的业务场景结合起来，从一线归纳总结经验，又反向完善顶层战略规划。
（三）坚持双轮驱动转方法。数字化转型不仅要求企业能够迅速学习和掌握数字化新技术，还要将新技术与业务融合贯通形成组合优势，航天科技集团数字化转型坚持业务与技术双轮驱动。集团公司从业务视角主动思考转型的目标和路径，将转型落实到具体的业务运作中，在业务变革上找准结合点，使之运用和改变现有业务；同时借鉴外部的实践经验，找到数字化新技术对业务变化的支撑点，把新技术的威力变现为实际的业务价值，推动业务持续改革。
（四）立足系统工程转组织。强大的组织保障是顺利推进数字化转型的基础，航天科技集团正在依照航天系统工程理论，构建数字化“两总”体系和信息技术技术抓总的组织体系，在型号单位设立数字化总指挥和总设计师，协调业务和信息化部门，统筹推进数字化转型落地。在各级单位设置信息中心，负责数字化技术的总体支撑和具体建设任务实施，形成集团、院、厂所三级联动机制。
三、航天科技集团数字化转型的探索与实践
围绕实施数字航天战略、支撑航天强国建设的目标，航天科技集团全面推进数字化转型探索与实践，启动了“管理信息化提升工程三年行动计划”、“数字一院”、“宇航智造工程”等一系列重点工程，初步取得成效。
（一）构建模型和数据驱动的科研生产数字化体系，提升型号协同研制水平。采用基于模型的系统工程（MBSE）方法，完善航天型号产品数字化协同研制环境，强化虚拟设计与仿真验证应用，提高设计效率。构建航天产品智能制造体系，针对航天产品多品种、小批量特点，实现生产过程的柔性化、智能化以及生产现场的精细化管理，提高生产质量。构建航天装备敏捷服务和精准保障体系，实现基于数字孪生技术的装备综合保障、航天器在轨运行管理，提高运营效益。长征五号、长征七号、新一代载人飞船和火星探测器等国家重大工程初步实现全数字化研制，有效保障了研制质量和任务周期。
（二）构建以大数据应用为核心的经营管理数字化体系，提升战略管控水平。基于云计算、大数据、人工智能等先进技术，构建基于国密网、商密网、互联网三网融合的统一管控平台，人财物初步实现集中管控，型号项目多要素管理、科研生产全过程质量管理和全级次供应商管理等系统不断向“纵向各级打通、横向业务协同”的方向深化应用。深化大数据智能分析应用，基于大数据开展管理业务量化分析和预测预警，全面提升战略管控水平。
（三）创新商业模式，“互联网+航天应用”成效显著。基于北斗导航和高分遥感卫星建设的“四维地球”遥感云平台，已有近20万注册用户，日均访问次数突破1500万次，广泛服务于国土、应急、水利、环保、农业、林业、交通等国民经济行业，也吸引了大量新兴互联网用户。正在建设的低轨互联网卫星星座和业务运营平台将能够提供一站式、标准化、规模化的移动通信运营服务，支撑百万用户终端接入，承载行业应用需求及增值业务服务。
（四）完善数字化“新基建”，有效提升网络与信息安全保障水平。集团公司各单位、各基地的互联互通网络不断扩充与完善，互联带宽进一步提升，提高了跨地域、跨组织的型号协同研制效率。各单位持续开展高性能计算中心建设并实现资源动态调配，全集团计算能力已达到千万亿次，并行计算能力得到大幅度提升。建立多级、完善的网络与信息安全防护机制，开展航天关键工业软件自主研发，保障重要型号数据的信息安全。
四、航天科技集团数字化转型的发展展望
航天科技集团第七次工作会制定了数字化转型发展蓝图，要建设数字航天，推动航天数字化产品、数字化研制、数字化管理和数字化产业协同发展。一是着力推动航天产品向高可靠、可重复、智能化方向发展。二是推进科研生产模式转型升级，打造航天智能制造体系。三是推进精益化管理，逐步构建以流程主导和数据驱动的企业管理模式。四是推动航天技术应用及服务产业向数字化转型升级，打造“航天+”产业形态。
航天科技集团坚决贯彻落实党中央、国务院的决策部署，时刻不忘航天报国初心，勇担航天强国使命，持续推进数字化转型、建设数字航天，全面提升集团公司核心竞争力和经营发展效益，为航天强国和世界一流军队建设、服务经济社会发展和民生福祉作出新的更大贡献！
翻译：
Space science and technology: Comprehensively implementing the digital space strategy will provide strong support for building China into a space power
Wu Yansheng, Secretary of Party Committee and Chairman of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation Limited
1. Deep understanding of the situation requirements of digital transformation
(1) It is an important means to support building China into a space power and a world-class military.
Digitalization of central enterprises：Following the important instructions of “August 26”, China Aerospace Science and Technology Group is guided by the concept of national security, major national strategies and the needs of economic and social development, focusing on its main responsibility and business, fulfilling the primary responsibility of building an aerospace power and supporting the construction of a world-class military, and accelerating the construction of a world-class aerospace enterprise group. It must seize the major opportunity of digital transformation and start a new journey of construction in an all-round way.
(2) is the inevitable way to build a world-class demonstration enterprise.
The fourth Industrial revolution will bring impact and even disruption to traditional industries. The integration of artificial intelligence, 5G, digital twinning and other digital technologies with industry will change the world as we know it and bring new momentum to global economic growth. According to the requirements of State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission on the construction of world-class demonstration enterprises, aerospace science and technology Group must grasp the new trend of global digital development, enhance core competitiveness and value creativity, and promote the realization of digital transformation.
(3) It is the internal need of the “three high” development of aerospace Science and Technology Group.
With heavy model development tasks, short cycle and high quality requirements, Aerospace Science and Technology Group needs to closely integrate the new generation of information technology with aerospace scientific research and production tasks, and needs to deeply reform and reconstruct the management and business model. Through the digital transformation of scientific research, production and operation management, a new system of digital aerospace industry with data as the core is built. To help aerospace science and technology group develop with high quality, high efficiency and high efficiency.
2. Objectives and ideas of digital transformation of aerospace Science and Technology Group
The goal of digital transformation of Aerospace Science and Technology Group is to deepen the integration of the new generation of information technology and aerospace science and technology industry system, promote the construction of digital aerospace based on data thinking, establish a network covering the state secret network, business secret network, the whole scene of the Internet, and all levels of the group, institute and factory. The digital system of total elements of operation and management and the whole process of scientific research and production can realize collaborative and efficient research and development, fine management standards, real-time data sharing and scientific and intelligent decision-making, and help the group develop with high quality, high efficiency and high benefit.
Digital transformation is essentially business transformation. Which is the transformation and reconstruction of development business and management mode driven by the new generation of information technology. It is a long-term systematic project, facing challenges in all aspects. The aerospace Science and Technology Group promotes the implementation of digital transformation from four aspects: changing consciousness, changing path, changing method and changing organization.
(1) Strengthen data thinking to consciousness.
The information resources represented by big data are evolving towards the form of production factors. Data has become an important strategic resource and core asset of aerospace science and technology Group. Aerospace Science and Technology Group is establishing the development consciousness of data-driven core, changing the traditional management ideas and modes through data, getting used to using data to speak, manage, make decisions and innovate. And finally realizing the full data collection and aggregation, the full data integration. The full dimensional data intelligent analysis, and thoroughly revitalizing data assets. Improve the ability of scientific decision-making based on big data. It realize the transformation from the traditional small sample experience thinking to intelligent large sample data thinking mode. And finally promote the improvement of operation and management efficiency.
(2) Focusing on the implementation of the results of the path to change.
Digital transformation is an enterprise strategy and an important part of the overall strategy of the enterprise. Aerospace Science and Technology Group attaches equal importance to strategy and execution. Strategy formulation emphasizes top-level design, overall planning and system development, decoding the enterprise strategy layer by layer to find the target and path of action. Strategic execution emphasizes the combination of the top and the bottom. Under the guidance of the top-level planning, it actively organizes the exploration and innovation of the digital transformation of the first-line units of scientific research and production. Combines digital technology with specific business scenarios, summarizes experience from the first-line. And improves the top-level strategic planning in reverse
(3) adhere to the two-wheel drive method.
Digital transformation not only requires enterprises to quickly learn and master new digital technologies, but also to integrate new technologies and businesses to form combination advantages. The digital transformation of aerospace Science and Technology Group adheres to the dual-wheel drive of business and technology. From the perspective of business, the group company takes the initiative to think about the goal and path of transformation, implements the transformation into specific business operation, and finds the right combination point in business transformation. So as to make it use and change the existing business. At the same time, learn from external practical experience, find out the support point of new digital technology for business changes. It turn the power of new technology into actual business value, and promote the continuous business reform.
(4) Based on system engineering to change organization.
A strong organizational guarantee is the basis for the smooth promotion of digital transformation. According to the theory of aerospace systems engineering, Aerospace Science and Technology Group is building a digital “two general” system and an organization system focusing on information technology and technology. It has set up a digital commander and chief designer in the model unit to coordinate business and information departments and promote the implementation of digital transformation. Information centers are set up in units at all levels, responsible for the overall support of digital technology and the implementation of specific construction tasks, to form a three-level linkage mechanism of group, institute and factory.
3. Exploration and practice of digital transformation in Aerospace Science and Technology Group
Focusing on the goal of implementing the digital space strategy and supporting the construction of an aerospace power. The Aerospace Science and Technology Group has comprehensively promoted the exploration and practice of digital transformation. And launched a series of key projects such as “three-year Action Plan for the Improvement of Management Informatization Project”, “Digital One Institute” and “Aerospace Intelligent Manufacturing Project”, which have achieved initial results.
(1) Build a model – and data-driven digital research and production system to improve the level of model collaborative development.
The model based Systems Engineering (MBSE) method is adopted to improve the digital collaborative development environment of aerospace model products, strengthen the virtual design and simulation verification application, and improve the design efficiency. The intelligent manufacturing system of aerospace products should be established to realize flexible and intelligent production process and fine management of production site. And improve production quality according to the characteristics of multiple varieties and small batches of aerospace products. China has established a system of agile service and precise support for space equipment. And realized comprehensive support for equipment and in-orbit operation management of spacecraft based on digital twinning technology. So as to improve operational efficiency. Major national projects, such as the Long March 5 and Long March 7, new-generation manned spacecraft and Mars probes. It have initially achieved full digital development, effectively ensuring the quality and duration of their development.
(2) Build a digital operation and management system with the application of big data as the core, and improve the level of strategic control.
Based on cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence and other advanced technologies. A unified management and control platform based on the integration of state secret network, business secret network and the Internet has been buil. And centralized management of human resources and property has been initially realized. The multi-factor management of models and projects, quality management of the whole process of scientific research and production. And all-level supplier management and other systems continue to deepen their application in the direction of “vertical integration at all levels and horizontal business collaboration”. We will deepen the application of intelligent analysis of big data, carry out quantitative analysis and prediction and early warning of management business based on big data, and comprehensively improve the level of strategic control.
(3) Innovating business models, “Internet plus space Applications” has achieved remarkable results.
The “Four-dimensional Earth” remote sensing cloud platform, based on the Beidou navigation and high-resolution remote sensing satellites. It has nearly 200,000 registered users, and the average daily visits exceed 15 million times. It serves a wide range of national economic industries such as land, emergency response, water conservancy, environmental protection, agriculture, forestry and transportation. And has also attracted a large number of new Internet users. The low-orbit Internet satellite constellation and business operation platform under construction will be able to provide one-stop, standardized and large-scale mobile communication operation services. It support the terminal access of millions of users, and carry industry application needs and value-added services.
(4) Improve the digital “new infrastructure”, effectively improve the level of network and information security.
The interconnection network of all units and bases of the Group is continuously expanded and improved, and the interconnection bandwidth is further improved. Which improves the efficiency of model collaborative development across regions and organizations. All units continue to carry out the construction of high-performance computing center and realize the dynamic allocation of resources. The computing capacity of the whole group has reached quadrillion times, and the parallel computing capacity has been greatly improved. To establish a multilevel and perfect network and information security protection mechanism. Carry out independent research and development of key aerospace industrial software, and ensure the information security of important data types.
4. Development prospect of digital transformation of aerospace Science and Technology Group
The seventh meeting of Aerospace Science and Technology Group has formulated a blueprint for digital transformation and development. Which aims to build digital aerospace and promote the coordinated development of aerospace digital products, digital research, digital management and digital industry. First, we will strive to make space products more reliable, repeatable and intelligent. Second, promote the transformation and upgrading of research and production models, and build a space intelligent manufacturing system. The third is to promote lean management, and gradually build a process-oriented and data-driven enterprise management mode. Fourth, promote the digital transformation and upgrading of space technology application and service industries, and create a “space +” industry form.
China Aerospace Science and Technology Group resolutely implements the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee and The State Council, always adheres to the original aspiration of serving the country in space, bravely undertakes the mission of becoming an aerospace power. Continuously pushes forward the digital transformation and construction of digital aerospace. Comprehensively improves the core competitiveness and operation and development benefits of the Group. And makes new and greater contributions to the construction of an aerospace power and a world-class military. As well as to economic and social development and people’s well-being.
文章来源：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/cwCaS6RmhsFDycUkAYBN4g
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