由于人工智能，几乎没有一个行业不面临巨大的转型过程。在这里，Computerwoche未来技术首席记者Jürgen Hill与梅赛德斯 – 奔驰集团首席信息官Jan Brecht谈论人工智能对汽车制造商IT战略和员工的影响。
一、梅赛德斯-奔驰长期以来一直依赖机器学习和经典人工智能。但现在你也在使用生成式AI，例如在MO360生产环境中。它到底是关于什么的，它在多大程度上改变了员工的形象？
随着数字化和强大的人工智能系统的使用越来越多，工作概况在生产和管理方面正在发生变化。人工智能旨在改善和促进员工的日常工作。例如，新的数字工具进一步使生产员工能够长期优化流程和质量管理。MO360的第一个中期结果非常有希望，特别是因为我们看到它不仅被IT专家接受，而且被车间的主人所接受。
二、贵公司已启动 Turn2Learn 资格认证计划。向员工传授哪些人工智能或数字化技能？
Turn2Learn是我们人力资源部门的一项倡议，专注于数字化和人工智能。产品范围从面向初学者的 AI 和机器学习，到 Prompt Engineering 学习路径，再到编程语言（如 Python、深度学习和神经网络、强化学习、RPA 和自然语言处理）的培训课程。员工总共可以在各种外部学习平台上访问 40,000 多门数据和人工智能资格课程。我们还启动了 IT 领域的最佳团队计划，因为我们最大的资产是我们的员工。因此，吸引和留住最优秀的员工并使他们能够发挥个人潜力对我们来说非常重要。
三、梅赛德斯是否只培训在生产部门工作的员工或办公室工作人员？
我们投资于公司所有领域的数字技能发展。无论是来自生产还是行政部门的同事，每个人都需要相关知识和新技能，以便在日常工作中有效地使用 AI 应用程序。在两个试点项目中，我们目前正在培训来自集团各个领域的 600 多名员工，让他们成为数据和人工智能专家。
四、你认为生成人工智能会导致失业吗？
我们还不能肯定地说，数字化和生成人工智能的增加将对未来的工作生活产生什么影响。然而，显而易见的是，工作方法将发生变化，工作简介本身也将发生变化。这就是为什么资格是成功转型的关键。
五、在数字化转型过程中，以及作为人工智能引入的一部分，员工的工作如何变化？
一些活动将来肯定能够转移到人工智能应用中，比如重复性活动或与模式识别相关的活动。但这是积极的，因为这意味着战略或创造性工作的更多自由被打开，就像自动化和生产机器人改变了汽车的制造方式一样。
六、当我们谈论培训员工时，梅赛德斯-奔驰使用生成式人工智能取得了多大进展？
在某些领域，我们对生成式人工智能非常有成效——而不仅仅是谈论飞行员。例如，自 360 月以来，我们一直在软件开发中使用 GitHub Copilot，我们看到那里的效率有了显著提高。我们还在客户环境中使用生成式 AI。例如，在英国，智能虚拟助手可以在网站上与客户互动，并对有关操作说明和车辆信息的问题给出具体答案。此外，在我们的数据平台MO<>（一个生产的数字生态系统）中，生成式人工智能帮助我们分析和处理数据。在大型语言模型的帮助下，数据或数据模式是可用的，因此生产员工可以使用自然语言进行查询，而不仅仅是使用高度专业化数据库查询的专家。我们目前正在使用 ChatGPT 对此进行测试。最终，人工智能加速了数据使用的民主化。
七、您认为人工智能在哪些领域潜力最大？
我们已经非常深入地处理了这个问题，并分析了外部研究并在内部尝试了AI。一方面，是软件开发。我们看到那里的效率有了显著的提高，无论是在工程和车辆开发方面，还是在企业方面。
另一个领域是与客户的对话。在可预见的未来，人工智能与客户的直接互动，正如目前正在英国尝试的那样，可能仍然是例外。但我相信人工智能应用程序将有助于进一步改善客户体验，并使流程更高效。
另一个必须投入大量脑力的领域是工程中的参数化设计。在那里，人工智能将导致生产力的大幅提高，因为它支持人们的工作。
八、由于可以通过语音或键盘输入，员工是否必须接受人工智能培训？
一开始，对生产中定义的用例进行初始培训。此外，我们的员工还可以获得有关该主题的进一步培训机会，包括有关快速工程的学习路径。但他们也学会了如何以创造性的方式使用这些工具来尝试，看看什么有效，什么无效。
不过，总的来说，我相信提示或提示工程是你必须学习的东西，因此我们正在考虑是否应该在整个公司范围内更广泛地提供培训，而不仅仅是针对选定的IT和数据专业人员。它绝对有助于从生成式 AI 中获得更多收益。
九、到目前为止，您遇到了哪些AI或ChatGPT的初期问题？
幻觉当然是一个挑战。在英国，这也是直接客户互动中非常微妙的平衡行为。你可以通过合理性检查和相关的限制来在很大程度上排除幻觉，但如果你把标准设置得太窄，机器会告诉你，“我不能对此发表评论”，比你想要的更频繁。你必须非常小心，找到适当的平衡。如何控制幻觉可能是目前需要解决的最重要的问题，这也是人工智能研究的核心。
十、梅赛德斯-奔驰只会根据自己的数据训练其人工智能工具吗？
是的。例如，如果我们想直观地向客户解释我们的车辆，那么这只能通过我们自己的训练数据来完成。顺便说一下，培训仅在这些AI环境的安全区域进行，因此数据不能公开。我们也有一些公共数据可以用于人工智能，但特别是在生产环境中，我们依赖于自己的数据。
十一、除了生产环境中的 Azure OpenAI 服务之外，梅赛德斯-奔驰的其他 AI 解决方案还扮演什么角色？
OpenAI目前被媒体描绘成一个AI先锋。还有一个非常好的技术解决方案，但我们不会局限于此。当然，其他公司也有有趣的解决方案。我们开始密切关注开源替代方案。除了OpenAI，Microsoft或Google等大型专有提供商之外，我们还需要了解开源替代方案。
我也认为我们不应该将人工智能视为一个独立的引擎。它需要深入融入我们的系统和流程中。这就是为什么我们要求所有系统合作伙伴在其环境中使用 AI 元素。它必须进入整个系统领域，而且会的。
英文原文：
AI is the boost Mercedes-Benz needs to digitally transform
There’s hardly an industry not facing huge transformation processes thanks to AI. Here, Jürgen Hill, chief reporter of future technologies at Computerwoche, speaks with Jan Brecht, CIO of Mercedes-Benz Group AG, about the effects AI has on both the car manufacturer’s IT strategy and employees.
Mercedes-Benz has long relied on machine learning and classic AI. But now you’re also using generative AI, for example in the MO360 production environment. What exactly is it about and to what extent does it change the profiles of employees?
With digitization and the increasing use of powerful AI systems, job profiles are changing in production and administration. AI is intended to improve and facilitate the day-to-day work of employees. New digital tools, for example, further enable production employees to optimize processes and quality management in the long term. The first interim results in MO360 are very promising, especially since we see it’s not only accepted by the IT experts, but also by the masters on the shop floor.
Your company has started the Turn2Learn qualification initiative. Which AI or digitization skills are taught to the employees?
Turn2Learn is an initiative of our HR department that focuses on digitization and AI. The offer ranges from AI and machine learning for beginners, to the Prompt Engineering learning path, to training courses on programming languages such as Python, deep learning and neural networks, reinforcement learning, RPA, and natural language processing. In total, employees have access to more than 40,000 courses on data and AI qualifications on various external learning platforms. We also started the Best Team initiative in IT because our greatest asset is our people. So it’s of great importance to us to attract and retain the best employees and enable them to fulfil their individual potential.
Does Mercedes only train the employees working in production or office workers as well?
We invest in the development of digital skills in all areas of the company. Regardless of whether they’re colleagues from production or administration, everyone needs the relevant knowledge and new skills to use AI applications effectively in their everyday work. In two pilot programs, we’re currently training more than 600 employees from all areas of the group to become data and AI specialists.
Turn2Learn is an initiative of our HR department that focuses on digitization and AI. The offer ranges from AI and machine learning for beginners, to the Prompt Engineering learning path, to training courses on programming languages such as Python, deep learning and neural networks, reinforcement learning, RPA, and natural language processing. In total, employees have access to more than 40,000 courses on data and AI qualifications on various external learning platforms. We also started the Best Team initiative in IT because our greatest asset is our people. So it’s of great importance to us to attract and retain the best employees and enable them to fulfil their individual potential.
Does Mercedes only train the employees working in production or office workers as well?
We invest in the development of digital skills in all areas of the company. Regardless of whether they’re colleagues from production or administration, everyone needs the relevant knowledge and new skills to use AI applications effectively in their everyday work. In two pilot programs, we’re currently training more than 600 employees from all areas of the group to become data and AI specialists.
Turn2Learn is an initiative of our HR department that focuses on digitization and AI. The offer ranges from AI and machine learning for beginners, to the Prompt Engineering learning path, to training courses on programming languages such as Python, deep learning and neural networks, reinforcement learning, RPA, and natural language processing. In total, employees have access to more than 40,000 courses on data and AI qualifications on various external learning platforms. We also started the Best Team initiative in IT because our greatest asset is our people. So it’s of great importance to us to attract and retain the best employees and enable them to fulfil their individual potential.
Does Mercedes only train the employees working in production or office workers as well?
We invest in the development of digital skills in all areas of the company. Regardless of whether they’re colleagues from production or administration, everyone needs the relevant knowledge and new skills to use AI applications effectively in their everyday work. In two pilot programs, we’re currently training more than 600 employees from all areas of the group to become data and AI specialists.
Turn2Learn is an initiative of our HR department that focuses on digitization and AI. The offer ranges from AI and machine learning for beginners, to the Prompt Engineering learning path, to training courses on programming languages such as Python, deep learning and neural networks, reinforcement learning, RPA, and natural language processing. In total, employees have access to more than 40,000 courses on data and AI qualifications on various external learning platforms. We also started the Best Team initiative in IT because our greatest asset is our people. So it’s of great importance to us to attract and retain the best employees and enable them to fulfil their individual potential.
Does Mercedes only train the employees working in production or office workers as well?
We invest in the development of digital skills in all areas of the company. Regardless of whether they’re colleagues from production or administration, everyone needs the relevant knowledge and new skills to use AI applications effectively in their everyday work. In two pilot programs, we’re currently training more than 600 employees from all areas of the group to become data and AI specialists.
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