本文为PLM专题系列文章（五）：PLM系统是什么？PLM与ERP、SCM、CRM有什么区别？
一、PLM定义以及PLM系统核心功能数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
PLM(Product Life-cycle Management)，即产品生命周期管理。它包括：培育期、成长期、成熟期、衰退期、结束期几个阶段。产品全生命周期管理（product lifecycle management，PLM）是应用一系列业务解决方案，支持在企业内和企业间协同创建、管理、传播和应用贯穿整个产品生命周期的产品定义信息，并集成人、流程、业务系统和产品信息的一种战略业务方法。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
业界权威机构对于PLM的内涵定义是：PLM不仅仅是技术，还是业务解决方案的一体化集合；协同地创建、使用、管理和分享与产品相关的智力资产；包括所有产品/工厂的定义信息，如MCAD、AEC、EDA、ALM分析、公式、规格参数、产品组、文档等，还包括所有产品/工厂的流程定义，例如与规划、设计、生产、运营、支持、报废、再循环相关的流程；PLM支持企业间协作，跨越产品和工厂的全生命周期，从概念设计到生命周期终结。数字化数字化转型网szhzxw.cn转型网szhzxw.cn
所有现代PLM系统越来越趋同，其标准功能主要包括∶（1）电子仓库管理；（2）文档和对象管理；（3）发布与变更管理；（4）产品结构管理；（5）配置管理；（6）零部件管理；（7）浏览、批注及图像服务；（8）分类和检索；（9）项目管理；（10）系统管理、配置和定制工具。
通常PLM系统擅长处理数据文件和数据库记录，如产品配置、零件定义和设计数据、技术参数表、CAD图形。借助于PLM系统的外挂功能可实现企业内的协同；大多数PLM系统可连接邮件服务器为用户提供消息服务；PLM系统一般支持项目管理功能；大多数情况PLM系统支持流程和工作流管理。
二、PLM系统与ERP、SCM、CRM等系统有什么联系或区别？
PLM不同于ERP、SCM、CRM等 其他信息化系统，它是面向产品创新、知识库管理和流程优化的一种信息系统，管理企业的无形资产，采用知识驱动的设计方法来提高产品质量，把产品知识作为企业战略财富加以对待和充分利用，突出可持续发展的战略思想，支持连续创新，充分利用企业的“知识”资产，提高产品的研发速度和反应的敏捷程度。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
PLM与ERP、SCM、CRM之间是协同关系。利用PLM提供的服务，尤其在复杂产品如装备制造业，ERP等本身的价值能更好地得到体现。现有的企业信息系统，如ERP等与PLM之间并不能相互替代。相反，它们之间不论在技术层面还是实施层面都构成了协同关系。PLM对整个协同过程起调配作用，其他的信息系统是支撑基础。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
PLM系统完全支持在整个数字化产品价值链中构思、评估、开发、管理和支持产品，它把企业中多个未连通的产品信息孤岛集成为一个数字记录系统，与ERP、SCM、CRM一起形成了一个完整的企业信息化协同体系。
PLM系统的目标之一是实现跨越产品生命周期的应用集成，并实现信息的非冗余和一致性管理。大多数CAD系统能很好地和PLM系统集成。和ERP系统集成对PLM也是非常重要的，但大多数PLM系统仅能实现单向数据交换。对CAE系统的集成几平没有令人满意的方案。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
大多数PLM系统对CAD、MCAD和ECAD、办公系统、和ERP/MRP系统提供接口，有专门的API，可用C、C++、宏语言、Java语言编程。用标准化的数据格式实现数据交换，如STEP或XMI。对工程应用系统的集成已经达到较好水平，而跟业务伙伴的集成仍显不足。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
通过PLM与ERP、MES以及其他运营管理系统的集成，实现统一的产品数据在生命周期不同阶段的共享和利用。
三、实施PLM系统的好处数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
实施PLM系统为企业带来以下几个方面的改进：
1、实施PLM系统可以帮助企业梳理与优化研发管理过程，建立产品生命周期管理体系。
通过产品全生命周期管理体系建设，将梳理各单位现有研发管理过程，优化研发管理体系，并在此技术上进行深入与扩展研究，形成企业统一的产品研发、设计、生产制造和运维管理体系，实现企业的统一管控。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
2、实施PLM系统可以帮助企业建立与规范产品资源库，提高知识重用率。
通过整理与规范产品数据管理标准，逐渐建立起跨产品全生命周期的产品资源库，实现图文档管理、研发数据管理、产品结构管理、工作流程管理等信息化管理的目标，提高数据管理与重用的效率，进而提高设计与研发效率，改善产品质量。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
3、实施PLM系统可以帮助企业建立协同设计研发环境，提高研发效率。
建立电子化的协同设计研发环境，实现电子资源的快速浏览和安全访问；实现协同研发项目管理，提高项目管理的质量与效率；实现设计与工艺的协同，缩短研发时间，提高研发效率。
4、实施PLM系统可以帮助企业实现数字化产品设计、数字化制造、提高产品质量。
在虚拟环境下，通过产品设计、仿真分析与虚拟制造的手段对产品性能及制造过程进行分析优化，减少现实环境中可能发生的问题，提高产品制造一次成功率，降低研发与制造成本。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
四、国内外有哪些PLM厂商数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
以下为国内外稍微有点名气的PLM厂商，排名不分先后：
（一）国内PLM厂商
Worktile（2021年36氪项目管理总榜第一） PLM
PingCode（专门为软件产品打造的PLM软件） PLM数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
思普 PLM
Microsoft Project PLM
Siemens Teamcenter PLM
北京数码大方CAXA PLM
天喻PLM
用友PLM
开目eNORM PLM
Inforcenter PLM数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
鼎捷PLM
湃睿科技PI-PDM/PLM
北京艾克斯特Extech PLM
金蝶PLM
广东三品PLM
高亚科技8Manage PLM
zoho Project PLM
（二）国际PLM厂商
达索系统enovia PLM
西门子Teamcenter PLM
PTC 美国参数技术Windchill P数字化转型网szhzxw.cnL数字化转型网szhzxw.cnM
甲骨文Agile PLM
JIRA PLM
SAP思爱普PLM
国外PLM软件厂商，达索PLM、西门子PLM、PTC PLM垄断高端市场，通过并购整合，拓展产品线、探索新领域，在 CAD/CAE/CAM/CAPP/PLM/MOM/SLM 等领域占据市场的主导地位。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
达索PLM系统在 3DExperience 体验平台中将多学科设计协同能力和传统 PDM 功能融合，三维建模功能采用数据结构化的方式进行存储、应用，平台强调产品全生命周期融合打通，数字连续。
西门子PLM工业软件强调设计、仿真、制造、服务一体化，虚实融合打通，打造 Teamcenter 数字平台。PTC PLM是通过收购 Onshape 和 ThingWorx 等产品，向云和物联网等方向转型，打造 ThingWorx 物联网平台，在ALM 软件生命周期管理、SLM 服务生命周期管理方面布局，为智能产品管理应用提供服务。
国内 PLM 软件厂商，思普PLM、天喻PLM、开目PLM、用友PLM等业务集中在 cPDM 领域，主要应用为工程数据管理，侧重于产品设计、工艺规划领域，各厂商在产品全生命周期业务覆盖不全。
整体看 PLM 发展趋势，业务向产品全生命周期全面融合，技术向平台、云端、生态化发展。国内 PLM 软件厂商在业务覆盖的全面性、功能深度、技术架构的先进性等方面都与国外巨头存在较大差距。多数国产 PLM 系统，缺少与先进设计模式的融合，难以支撑产品创新正向设计。国外 PLM 系统占据国防军工和高端核心装备行业的绝对优势，国内企业遭遇“卡脖子”的风险极高。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
企业可以根据自己的具体需求，所属行业，结合行业里PLM系统使用的现状，选择合适的PLM系统/软件。
更多有关PLM相关文章，例如PLM资料、PLM成功案例、PLM方案等可在数字化转型网PLM专栏里进行阅读；如果您需要PLM相关资料包报可点击蓝字填写问卷与我们取得联系；更多精彩内容可进入读者群与百万读者一同交流~
翻译：
This is Part 5 of the PLM series: What is a PLM System? What is the difference between PLM and ERP, SCM and CRM?
First, PLM definition and PLM system core functions数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Product Life-cycle Management (PLM) : product lifecycle management. It includes: cultivation period, growth period, maturity period, decline period, end period several stages. product lifecycle management (PLM) is the application of a set of business solutions that enable collaborative creation, management, dissemination and application of product definition information throughout the product lifecycle, within and across the enterprise. A strategic business approach that integrates people, processes, business systems, and product information.
Industry authorities define PLM as not just a technology, but an integrated collection of business solutions. Create, use, manage, and share product-related intellectual assets collaboratively; Include all product/plant definition information, such as MCAD, AEC, EDA, ALM analysis, formulas, specifications, product groups, documentation, etc. Also include all product/plant process definitions, such as processes related to planning, design, production, operations, support, obsoletion, recycling; PLM enables collaboration between enterprises across the full life cycle of products and plants, from concept design to end of life cycle.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
All modern PLM systems are becoming more and more similar. The main standard functions include: (1) electronic warehouse management; (2) Document and object management; (3) Release and change management; (4) Product structure management; (5) Configuration management; (6) Parts management; (7) Browsing, annotation and image services; (8) classification and retrieval; (9) Project management; (10) System management, configuration and customization tools.
PLM systems are generally good at handling data files and database records, such as product configuration, part definition and design data, technical parameter sheets, CAD graphics. The external function of PLM system can realize the collaboration within the enterprise. Most PLM systems can connect to a mail server to provide messaging services to users; PLM systems generally support project management functions; In most cases, PLM systems support process and workflow management.
PLM Product Lifecycle Management – Digital transformation net. szhzxw.cn
Ii. What is the connection or difference between PLM system and ERP, SCM, CRM and other systems?
Different from other information systems such as ERP, SCM and CRM, PLM is an information system oriented to product innovation, knowledge base management and process optimization. It manages intangible assets of enterprises, adopts knowledge-driven design method to improve product quality, treats product knowledge as strategic wealth of enterprises and makes full use of it, highlighting the strategic thought of sustainable development. Support continuous innovation, make full use of the enterprise’s “knowledge” assets, improve the speed of product development and response agility.
PLM has a collaborative relationship with ERP, SCM and CRM. The service provided by PLM can be better reflected, especially in complex products such as equipment manufacturing industry and ERP. Existing enterprise information systems such as ERP and PLM are not interchangeable. On the contrary, they form a synergistic relationship both at the technical level and at the implementation level. PLM plays a role in the deployment of the whole collaborative process, and other information systems are the supporting foundation.数字化数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
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PLM system fully supports the conception, evaluation, development, management and support of products in the whole digital product value chain. It integrates multiple disconnected product information islands in the enterprise into a digital recording system, forming a complete enterprise information collaborative system together with ERP, SCM and CRM.
One of the goals of PLM systems is to achieve application integration across the product lifecycle and to achieve non-redundant and consistent management of information. Most CAD systems integrate well with PLM systems. Integration with ERP systems is also important for PLM, but most PLM systems can only implement one-way data exchange. There are few satisfactory solutions for the integration of CAE systems.
Most PLM systems provide interfaces to CAD, MCAD and ECAD, office systems, and ERP/MRP systems, have specialized apis, and can be programmed in C, C++, macro, and Java languages. Implement data exchange in a standardized data format, such as STEP or XMI. The integration of engineering application system has reached a good level, but the integration with business partners is still insufficient.
Through the integration of PLM with ERP, MES and other operation management systems, unified product data can be shared and utilized in different stages of the life cycle.
PLM product lifecycle Management – Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
Iii. Advantages of implementing PLM system数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
The implementation of PLM system brings the following improvements to the enterprise:
1、The implementation of PLM system can help enterprises sort out and optimize the process of R&D management and establish the product life cycle management system.
Through the construction of product lifecycle management system, the existing R&D management process of each unit will be sorted out, the R&D management system will be optimized, and in-depth and expanded research will be carried out on this technology, so as to form a unified product R&D, design, manufacturing and operation management system of the enterprise and achieve unified management and control of the enterprise.
2、The implementation of PLM system can help enterprises establish and standardize product resource database and improve the reuse rate of knowledge.
By collating and standardizing product data management standards, a product resource library across the whole life cycle of products is gradually established, and information management objectives such as picture document management, research and development data management, product structure management, and work flow management are realized, so as to improve the efficiency of data management and reuse, thus improving the efficiency of design and research and development, and improving product quality.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
3、The implementation of PLM system can help enterprises establish collaborative design research and development environment and improve research and development efficiency.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Establish electronic collaborative design research and development environment to realize quick browsing and secure access to electronic resources; Achieve collaborative research and development project management, improve the quality and efficiency of project management; To realize the collaboration of design and process, shorten the research and development time and improve the research and development efficiency.
PLM product lifecycle Management – Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
4、The implementation of PLM system can help enterprises realize digital product design, digital manufacturing and improve product quality.
In the virtual environment, product performance and manufacturing process are analyzed and optimized by means of product design, simulation analysis and virtual manufacturing, so as to reduce possible problems in the real environment, improve the success rate of product manufacturing and reduce the cost of R&D and manufacturing.
5、What are the PLM manufacturers at home and abroad
The following is a list of PLM manufacturers at home and abroad, in no particular order:
(I) Domestic PLM manufacturers
- Worktile（2021年36氪项目管理总榜第一） PLM
- PingCode（专门为软件产品打造的PLM软件）PLM
- 思普PLM
- Microsoft ProjectPLM数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
- Siemens TeamcenterPLM
- 北京数码大方CAXAPLM
- 天喻PLM
- 用友PLM
- 开目eNORM
- Inforcenter PLM
- 鼎捷PLM
- 湃睿科技PI-PDM/PLM
- 北京艾克斯特Extech PLM
- 金蝶PLM
- 广东三品PLM
- 高亚科技8ManagePLM
- zoho ProjectPLM
(II) International PLM manufacturers
- 达索系统enoviaPLM
- 西门子TeamcenterPLM
- PTC 美国参数技术WindchillPLM
- 甲骨文AgilePLM
- JIRAPLM
- SAP思爱普PLM
International PLM manufacturers VS Domestic PLM manufacturers
PLM software manufacturers abroad, Dassault PLM, Siemens PLM, PTC PLM monopoly high-end market, through the merger integration, expand product lines, explore new areas, in the CAD/CAE/CAPP/CAM/PLM/MOM/SLM, and other fields to dominate the market.
Three-dimensional modeling functions
Dassault PLM system integrates multidisciplinary design collaboration with traditional PDM functions in 3DExperience experience platform. Three-dimensional modeling functions are stored and applied in a data structured way. The platform emphasizes the integration of the whole product life cycle and digital continuity.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Siemens PLM industrial software emphasizes the integration of design, simulation, manufacturing and service, and creates a Teamcenter digital platform through the integration of virtual and real. PTC PLM is transforming into the cloud and the Internet of Things by acquiring products such as Onshape and ThingWorx, creating the ThingWorx Internet of Things platform, and laying out in ALM software lifecycle management and SLM service lifecycle management to provide services for intelligent product management applications.
Domestic PLM software manufacturers
Domestic PLM software manufacturers, such as SIPM, Tianyu PLM, Kaimu PLM and Yonyou PLM, are mainly engaged in the cPDM field. Their main applications are engineering data management, focusing on product design and process planning, and their business coverage in the whole product life cycle is not complete.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
Looking at the overall development trend of PLM, the business is fully integrated into the whole life cycle of products, and the technology is developing into platform, cloud and ecological. There is a big gap between domestic PLM software manufacturers and foreign giants in comprehensive business coverage, functional depth, advanced technology architecture and other aspects. Most domestic PLM systems, lack of integration with advanced design mode, it is difficult to support product innovation forward design. Foreign PLM systems occupy the absolute advantage of the defense industry and high-end core equipment industry, and domestic enterprises are at high risk of “jam”.
Enterprises can choose the appropriate PLM system/software according to their specific needs, industry and PLM system usage status in the industry.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
更多有关PLM相关文章，例如PLM资料、PLM成功案例、PLM方案等可在数字化转型网PLM专栏里进行阅读；如果您需要PLM相关资料包报可点击蓝字填写问卷与我们取得联系；更多精彩内容可进入读者群与百万读者一同交流~
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