本文为数字化转型网（szhzxw.cn）MES（制造执行系统）专题系列文章之一，本文主要从MES的定义、MES的概念来阐释什么是MES？数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
一、什么是MES系统/软件？
什么是MES系统/软件？MES系统/软件是一套面向制造企业车间执行层的生产信息化管理系统。MES系统/软件可以为企业提供包括制造数据管理、计划排程管理、生产调度管理、库存管理、质量管理、人力资源管理、工作中心/设备管理、工具工装管理、采购管理、成本管理、项目看板管理、生产过程控制、底层数据集成分析、上层数据集成分解等管理模块，MES系统/软件可以为企业打造一个扎实、可靠、全面、可行的制造协同管理平台。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
MES系统/软件是一套面向制造企业车间执行层的生产信息化管理系统。MES系统/软件可以为企业提供包括制造数据管理、计划排程管理、生产调度管理、库存管理、质量管理、人力资源管理、工作中心/设备管理、工具工装管理、采购管理、成本管理、项目看板管理、生产过程控制、底层数据集成分析、上层数据集成分解等管理模块，MES系统/软件为企业打造一个扎实、可靠、全面、可行的制造协同管理平台。
二、MES的定义是什么？
MES的定义是什么？美国先进制造研究机构AMR（Advanced Manufacturing Research）将MES定义为“位于上层的计划管理系统与底层的工业控制之间的面向车间层的管理信息系统”,MES为操作人员/管理人员提供计划的执行、跟踪以及所有资源(人、设备、物料、客户需求等)的当前状态。
MES的定义是什么？制造执行系统协会(Manufacturing Execution System Association，MESA)对MES所下的定义：“MES能通过信息传递对从订单下达到产品完成的整个生产过程进行优化管理。当工厂发生实时事件时，MES能对此及时做出反应、报告，并用当前的准确数据对它们进行指导和处理。这种对状态变化的迅速响应使MES能够减少企业内部没有附加值的活动，MES能有效地指导工厂的生产运作过程，从而使其既能提高工厂及时交货能力，改善物料的流通性能，又能提高生产回报率。MES还通过双向的直接通讯在企业内部和整个产品供应链中提供有关产品行为的关键任务信息。”数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
MES在MES定义中强调了以下三点：
1、MES是对整个车间制造过程的优化，而不是单一的解决某个生产瓶颈；
2、 MES必须提供实时收集生产过程中数据的功能，并作出相应的分析和处理；
3、MES需要与计划层和控制层进行信息交互，通过企业的连续信息流来实现企业信息全集成。
三、MES的概念是什么？
MES的概念是什么？1990年11月，美国先进制造研究中心AMR（Advanced Manufacturing Research）就提出了MES（制造执行系统）概念。1997年，MESA提出的MES功能组件和集成模型，包括11个功能，同时规定，只要具备11个功能之中的某一个或几个，也属MES系列的单一功能产品。2004年，MESA提出了协同MES体系结构(c-MES)。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
MES的概念是什么？20世纪90年代初期，中国就开始对MES以及ERP的跟踪研究、宣传或试点，而且曾经提出了 “管控一体化”，“人、财、物、产、供、销”等颇具中国特色的CIMS、MES、ERP、SCM等概念，对CIMS、MES、ERP、SCM也只是总结、归纳、宣传、坚持或者提炼、提升不够，发展势头不快。
MES的概念是什么？国内最早的MES是20世纪80年代宝钢建设初期从SIEMENS公司引进的。中国工业信息化基本上是沿着西方工业国家的轨迹前进来研究MES，只是慢半拍而已。几乎绝大多数大学和工业自动化研究单位，甚至于国家、省、市级政府主管部门都开始跟踪、研究MES。从中央到地方，从学会到协会，从IT公司到制造生产厂，从综合网站到专业网站，从综合大学到专科院校，都卷入了MES热潮之中。
MES的概念是什么？制造执行管理系统(MES)是企业CIMS信息集成的纽带，是实施企业敏捷制造战略和实现车间生产敏捷化的基本技术手段。工厂制造执行系统MES是近10年来在国际上迅速发展、面向车间层的生产管理技术与实时信息系统。制造执行管理系统(MES)可以为用户提供一个快速反应、有弹性、精细化的制造业环境，制造执行管理系统(MES)帮助企业减低成本、按期交货、提高产品的质量和提高服务质量。制造执行管理系统(MES)适用于不同行业(家电、汽车、半导体、通讯、IT、医药)，制造执行管理系统(MES)能够对单一的大批量生产和既有多品种小批量生产又有大批量生产的混合型制造企业提供良好的企业信息管理。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
MES的概念是什么？国外知名企业应用MES系统已经成为普遍现象，国内许多企业也逐渐开始采用制造执行管理系统(MES)这项技术来增强自身的核心竞争力。返回企业计划层与过程控制层之间的信息“断层”问题,我国制造业多年来采用的传统生产过程的特点是“由上而下”按计划生产。简单的说是从计划层到生产控制层：企业根据订单或市场等情况制定生产计划—生产计划到达生产现场—组织生产—产品派送。企业管理信息化建设的重点也大都放在计划层，以进行生产规划管理及一般事务处理。如ERP就是“位”于企业上层计划层，用于整合企业现有的生产资源，编制生产计划。在下层的生产控制层，企业主要采用自动化生产设备、自动化检测仪器、自动化物流搬运储存设备等解决具体生产(制程)的生产瓶颈，实现生产现场的自动化控制。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
由于市场环境的变化和现代生产管理理念的不断更新，一个制造型企业能否良性运营，关键是使“计划”与“生产”密切配合，企业和车间管理人员可以在最短的时间内掌握生产现场的变化，作出准确的判断和快速的应对措施，保证生产计划得到合理而快速修正。虽然ERP和现场自动化系统已经发展到了非常成熟的程度，但是由于ERP系统的服务对象是企业管理的上层，一般对车间层的管理流程不提供直接和详细的支持。而现场自动化系统的功能主要在于现场设备和工艺参数的监控，它可以向管理人员提供现场检测和统计数据，但是本身并非真正意义上的管理系统。所以，ERP系统和现场自动化系统之间出现了管理信息方面的“断层”，对于用户车间层面的调度和管理要求，它们往往显得束手无策或功能薄弱。比如面对以下车间管理的典型问题，它们就难以给出完善的解决手段：数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
1、出现用户产品投诉的时候，能否根据产品文字号码追溯这批产品的所有生产过程信息？能否立即查明它的：原料供应商、操作机台、操作人员、经过的工序、生产时间日期和关键的工艺参数？
2、同一条生产线需要混合组装多种型号产品的时候，能否自动校验和操作提示以防止工人部件装配错误、产品生产流程错误、产品混装和货品交接错误？
3、过去12小时之内生产线上出现最多的5种产品缺陷是什么？次品数量各是多少？
4、仓库以及前工序、中工序、后工序线上的每种产品数量各是多少？要分别供应给哪些供应商？何时能够及时交货？
5、生产线和加工设备有多少时间在生产，多少时间在停转和空转？影响设备生产潜能的最主要原因是：设备故障？调度失误？材料供应不及时？工人培训不够？还是工艺指标不合理？
6、能否对产品的质量检测数据自动进行统计和分析，精确区分产品质量的随机波动与异常波动，将质量隐患消灭于萌芽之中？数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
7、能否废除人工报表，自动统计每个过程的生产数量、合格率和缺陷代码？
MES的概念是什么？制造执行管理系统(MES)MES的定位，是处于计划层和现场自动化系统之间的执行层，制造执行管理系统(MES)主要负责车间生产管理和调度执行。一个设计良好的MES系统可以在统一平台上集成诸如生产调度、产品跟踪、质量控制、设备故障分析、网络报表等管理功能，制造执行管理系统(MES)使用统一的数据库和通过网络联接可以同时为生产部门、质检部门、工艺部门、物流部门等提供车间管理信息服务。制造执行管理系统(MES)通过强调制造过程的整体优化来帮助企业实施完整的闭环生产，MES系统协助企业建立一体化和实时化的ERP/MES/SFC信息体系。
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MES专题系列文章（一）：什么是MES？MES的定义是什么？MES的概念是什么？翻译：
MES Special Article Series (1) : What is MES? What is the definition of MES? What is the concept of MES? Translation:
What is MES system/software?
What is MES system/Software? MES system/software is a set of production information management system for the workshop executive level of manufacturing enterprises. MES system/software can provide enterprises with management modules including manufacturing data management, planning and scheduling management, production scheduling management, inventory management, quality management, human resource management, work center/equipment management, tool management, procurement management, cost management, project Kanban management, production process control, bottom data integration analysis, upper data integration and decomposition. MESA system/software can create a solid, reliable, comprehensive and feasible manufacturing collaboration management platform for enterprises. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
MES system/software is a set of production information management system for the workshop executive level of manufacturing enterprises. MES system/software can provide enterprises with management modules including manufacturing data management, planning and scheduling management, production scheduling management, inventory management, quality management, human resource management, work center/equipment management, tool management, procurement management, cost management, project Kanban management, production process control, bottom data integration analysis, upper data integration and decomposition. MES system/software for enterprises to create a solid, reliable, comprehensive, feasible manufacturing collaborative management platform.
What is the definition of MES?
What is the definition of MES? Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute (AMR) Research) defines MES as “a shopfloor oriented management information system between the upper level plan management system and the lower level industrial control”,MES provides operators/managers with the execution of plans, tracking, and the current status of all resources (people, equipment, materials, customer requirements, etc.).
What is the definition of MES? The Manufacturing Execution System Association (MESA) defines MES as “the ability to optimize the management of the entire production process from order to completion through information transfer.” When real-time events occur at the plant, MES can react to them, report on them, and guide and process them with current and accurate data. This rapid response to the change of state enables MES to reduce the value-added activities within the enterprise, MES can effectively guide the production and operation process of the factory, so that it can not only improve the timely delivery capacity of the factory, improve the flow performance of materials, but also improve the return on production. MES also provides mission-critical information about product behavior within the enterprise and throughout the product supply chain through direct, two-way communication.” Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
MESA highlights the following three points in the MES definition:
1, MES is the optimization of the entire workshop manufacturing process, rather than a single solution to a production bottleneck;
2, MES must provide the function of real-time collection of data in the production process, and make corresponding analysis and processing;
3. MES needs to conduct information interaction with the planning layer and the control layer, and realize the full integration of enterprise information through the continuous information flow of the enterprise.
What is the concept of MES?
What is the concept of MES? In November 1990, the United States Advanced Manufacturing Research Center AMR (Advanced Manufacturing Research) proposed the concept of MES (Manufacturing Execution System). In 1997, MESA proposed the MES functional components and integration model, including 11 functions, and stipulated that as long as one or more of the 11 functions are included, they are also single-function products of the MES series. In 2004, MESA proposed the Collaborative MES Architecture (c-MES). Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
What is the concept of MES? In the early 1990s, China began to track MES and ERP research, publicity or pilot, and once proposed the “management and control integration”, “human, financial, material, production, supply, marketing” and other quite Chinese characteristics of CIMS, MES, ERP, SCM and other concepts. For CIMS, MES, ERP, SCM, it is only summary, induction, publicity, persistence, or refining, and upgrading, and the development momentum is not fast.
What is the concept of MES? The earliest MES in China was introduced from SIEMENS in the early stage of Baosteel construction in the 1980s. China’s industrial informatization is basically following the trajectory of Western industrial countries to study MES, but only half a beat slowly. Almost the vast majority of universities and industrial automation research units, and even national, provincial and municipal government departments have begun to track and study MES. From the central to the local, from the society to the association, from the IT company to the manufacturing plant, from the comprehensive website to the professional website, from the comprehensive university to the junior college, are involved in the MES boom.
What is the concept of MES?
Manufacturing Executive management system (MES) is the link of CIMS information integration in enterprises, and it is the basic technical means to implement the agile manufacturing strategy of enterprises and realize the agility of workshop production. Factory Manufacturing Execution System (MES) is a production management technology and real-time information system for workshop layer, which has developed rapidly in the world in the past 10 years. Manufacturing execution management system (MES) can provide users with a rapid response, flexible, refined manufacturing environment, manufacturing execution management system (MES) to help enterprises reduce costs, on time delivery, improve product quality and improve service quality. Manufacturing execution management system (MES) is suitable for different industries (home appliances, automobiles, semiconductors, communications, IT, medicine), manufacturing execution management system (MES) can provide good enterprise information management for single mass production and hybrid manufacturing enterprises with both multi-variety small batch production and mass production. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
What is the concept of MES?
What is the concept of MES? The application of MES system in well-known foreign enterprises has become a common phenomenon, and many domestic enterprises have gradually begun to use the technology of manufacturing executive management system (MES) to enhance their core competitiveness. Returning to the problem of information “fault” between the enterprise planning layer and the process control layer, the traditional production process adopted by China’s manufacturing industry for many years is characterized by “top-down” production according to plan. Simply put, it is from the planning layer to the production control layer:. Enterprises make production plans according to the order or market, etc. – production plans arrive at the production site – organization of production – product delivery.
The emphasis of enterprise management information construction is also mostly placed on the planning layer to carry out production planning management and general affairs processing. For example, ERP is “bit” in the upper planning layer of the enterprise. Which is used to integrate the existing production resources of the enterprise and prepare production plans. In the lower production control layer, the enterprise mainly uses automated production equipment, automated testing instruments, automated logistics handling and storage equipment to solve the production bottleneck of specific production (process) and achieve automatic control of the production site. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
What is the concept of MES?
Due to the changes in the market environment and the continuous update of modern production management concepts. The key to the benign operation of a manufacturing enterprise is to make the “plan” and “production” closely cooperate. And the management personnel of enterprises and workshops can grasp the changes of the production site in the shortest time, make accurate judgments and rapid response measures to ensure that the production plan is reasonable and rapid correction. Although the ERP and field automation system has developed to a very mature degree. But because the ERP system serves the upper of enterprise management, generally does not provide direct and detailed support for the management process of the workshop layer.
The function of the field automation system mainly lies in the monitoring of field equipment and process parameters. Which can provide on-site testing and statistical data to managers. But it is not a management system in the real sense. Therefore, there is a “fault” in management information between the ERP system and the field automation system. Which often appears helpless or weak for the scheduling and management requirements at the user’s shop floor level. For example, in the face of the following typical problems of workshop management, they are difficult to give perfect solutions
solution
1. When there is a user product complaint, can you trace all the production process information of this batch of products according to the product text number? Can you immediately find out its: raw material supplier, operating machine, operator, process, production time and date and key process parameters?
2. When the same production line needs to mix and assemble multiple models of products, can it automatically check and operation tips to prevent workers from assembling parts incorrectly, product production process incorrectly, product mixing and goods handover incorrectly?
3. What are the top 5 product defects on the production line in the past 12 hours? What is the quantity of defective goods?
4. What is the quantity of each product in the warehouse, pre-process, mid-process and post-process line? To which suppliers? When can we expect timely delivery?
5, the production line and processing equipment how much time in production, how much time in the stall and idling? What are the main reasons that affect the production potential of the equipment: equipment failure? Scheduling error? Material supply not in time? Not enough worker training? Or is the process index unreasonable?
6. can the product quality detection data automatically statistics and analysis. Accurately distinguish the product quality of random fluctuations and abnormal fluctuations. The quality of hidden dangers in the bud? Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
7. Can manual reports be abolished to automatically count the production quantity, pass rate and defect code of each process?
What is the concept of MES?
Manufacturing Execution Management System (MES) The positioning of MES is the execution layer between the planning layer and the field automation system, and the manufacturing execution management system (MES) is mainly responsible for the production management and scheduling of the workshop. A well-designed MES system can integrate management functions. Such as production scheduling, product tracking, quality control, equipment fault analysis, network reports and other management functions on a unified platform, and the manufacturing execution management system (MES) can provide workshop management information services for production departments, quality inspection departments, process departments. And logistics departments at the same time by using a unified database and network connection. Manufacturing execution Management system (MES) helps enterprises implement complete closed-loop production by emphasizing the overall optimization of manufacturing process. And assists enterprises to establish integrated and real-time ERP/MES/SFC information system.
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