上上世纪70年代法国教授发明了碳纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料，后来美国是买了法国的专利。1989年，我正好到美国做高级访问学者，当时让我做的是大型空间站用的陶瓷基复合材料，现在这个材料早早已经用到大型空间站，后来无意中得知他们还有一个（英文）计划，就是高温发动机材料计划，是要发展连续碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料，这个用在航空发动机上，当时是针对高吞吐航空发动机做的。
这个材料处于材料金字塔顶尖式的材料，它的难度大而且量少，不像很多材料大批量来用，除非在尖端所需要的地方才用这个材料。这样的话发展难度就更大了，在我们团队我是从美国回来以后就想在国内发展，当时1991年回来想申报项目，主管部门不清楚这个材料道路以后发展怎么样，就没有批。后来一直到1998年，我们要搞高吞吐航空发动机，这个时候材料才被立项，要求五年内不仅要把材料突破还要做出贡献和考核，这样苛刻的要求确实压力很大。所以到1998年中期检查的时候，我们什么也没有做出来，要取消这个项目。
最后，我们说这么难再容我们一段时间，我们一定会做出来。结果这么一逼，我们大家带着学生日夜攻关，1998年底拿出来了，报道叫摔不碎的陶瓷，这两个片随便往地上摔都是摔不碎的陶瓷，就这样突破了这个技术。后来国外的学者（英文）教授也来看过，他说中国的发展速度太快了，在这个领域已经不能没有中国了，所以我们在国际上也争得一席之地。
下一步想具体谈谈产学研结合是怎么样做的：
2004年获得了奖以后，后面是怎么做的？当时突破的是材料技术，后面怎么把材料技术变成构件技术，当时获奖影响很大，国内外影响都很大，所以就给国防科工局张主任写了一封信，我建议搞一个中心把材料技术变成构件技术，他很快批了，符合基础能力建设，建议予以支持。这样的话建了一个航空产研基地，建了一个陶瓷基复合材料工程中心。可是怎么样进一步变成产品呢？
到2010年的时候，我们三种典型的产品小批量生产验证获得了国内国外高度认可，2011年的时候，我们就成立了一个公司，希望把构件技术变成产品技术，公司当时是西部大控股，有一些私营企业的人参加进来混合所有制。
在西安召开的国际第八届陶瓷基复合材料会议上，国际上就特别评价说这个材料已经不能没有中国了，特别是大家看到我们对这个高吞吐航空飞行器做的大的精力，他们一直在那里看，不知道他们看什么，看完以后伸大拇哥，他也不说什么，我们说到底好在哪里，自己也不知道。之后，我们对比了国外的37、38B，我们的重量只有它的60%，比它做的更轻更强，这一点获得了国际认可。后来外国专家建议我们申报一个国家陶瓷基复合材料制造技术工程中心，这个中心实际是国内唯一的，在这个中心成立以后又获得了国家产业化项目支持，开始向产业转移，到2020年国投控股混合所有制这样一个公司，所以现在承担的任务越来越多了，飞机的刹车盘，大家都知道过去至少是用国外引进的，很重，刹车性能也不是特别好。后来用碳陶刹车，碳陶筋膜系数不够，所以经常刹不住车，最后我们就发展碳陶刹车盘，这个东西在歼-15等等战车上都用了，所以这个碳陶刹车盘是我们国际上第一个发明的就是这样一个技术。现在碳陶刹车盘有望民用方面拓展甚至是重卡，重卡经常刹不住车然后出现事故，所以我们也在这方面进行一些推广，包括以后火车刹车部分也可以用这个碳陶刹车盘，这个后来获得国家技术发明二等奖，这是我们国家独创的这样一个东西。
现在形成的产学研结合这样一个链条，国有资本又投入了，国家投资应该支持这件事。从这个里面我们体会到，像刚刚大家说的，产学研创新是一个基础，对于战略性的结构材料必须有团队持续发展，学校、工程中心和产业怎么结合，这也是新材料发展很重要的一个方面。现在承担的任务就比较多了，当时福岛核事故，大家都知道高温遇水产生氢气爆炸，这是福岛核事故的原因。所以福岛核事故以后，大家都在调研。有些人调研出去以后，国外在发展连续碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅，这个是很难的，但是要求四米长就不允许有一点弯曲等等，而且还要抗核的环境。在这个方面，我们也跟他们都签订了协议，还有一些核领域做一些技术研究，国内为此专门从欧洲引进千人万人计划，在这方面发挥核的领域，跟我们的材料结合起来。所以这样一个新的材料，实际上还在不断的发展之中，国外可能比我们发展的在某些地方要好一些，比如说美国机翼，它在陶瓷基复合材料发动机上的应用，达到230万小时，我们这个差距还是很大，特别在航空发动机上的应用，需求还不是那么足，另外我们的发动机确实跟国际上还是有一定的差距，所以我们想材料跟产品结合起来，推进技术进步，也推进新材料在装备的应用。
翻译：
In the 1970s, French professors invented carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite materials, and later the United States bought French patents. In 1989, I happened to go to the United States as a senior visiting scholar, and I was asked to make ceramic matrix composite materials for large space stations, and now this material has been used in large space stations early, and later I accidentally learned that they have a (English) plan, that is, the high temperature engine material plan, which is to develop continuous silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite materials.
This was used in aero engines, and it was done for high-throughput aero engines at that time.This material is at the top of the material pyramid, it is difficult and small, unlike many materials to be used in large quantities, unless the material is used where the tip is needed. In this case, the development difficulty is even greater. After my team came back from the United States, I wanted to develop in China.
When I came back in 1991, I wanted to apply for the project, but the competent department did not know how the material road would develop in the future, so I did not approve it. Later, until 1998, we want to engage in high-throughput aircraft engines, this time the material was approved, requiring not only the material breakthrough but also to make contributions and assessments within five years, such harsh requirements are really very stressful. So by the time of the mid-term inspection in 1998, we had done nothing and had to cancel the project.
Finally, we said that it was so difficult to give us some time, we will definitely make it.
As a result of such a force, we all took the students day and night to tackle the problem, at the end of 1998, the report called breakable ceramics, these two pieces casually fell to the ground are breakable ceramics, so a breakthrough in this technology. Later, foreign scholars (English) professor also came to see, he said that China’s development speed is too fast, in this field can not do without China, so we also compete for a place in the international.
The next step would like to specifically talk about how to do the combination of production, university and research:
After winning the award in 2004, what did you do afterwards? At that time, the breakthrough was material technology. And how to turn material technology into component technology was very influential at that time. And the influence at home and abroad was very great, so I wrote a letter to the director of the National Defense Science and Industry Bureau Zhang, I suggested a center to turn material technology into component technology, and he quickly approved it, in line with basic capacity construction, and suggested support. In this way, an aviation production and research base was built, and a ceramic matrix composite material engineering center was built. But how to further into the product?
By 2010, our three typical products of small batch production verification has been highly recognized at home and abroad, in 2011. We set up a company, hoping to turn component technology into product technology. The company was the western large holding, there are some private enterprises to participate in the mixed ownership.
At the eighth International Conference on Ceramic Matrix Composites held in Xi ‘an
At the eighth International Conference on Ceramic Matrix Composites held in Xi ‘an. The international special evaluation said that this material can not be without China. Especially when we see our great energy on this high-throughput aviation aircraft. They have been there to look, do not know what they look at, after reading it, he does not say anything. We are in the final analysis where the good, I don’t know. After that, we compared the foreign 37, 38B, our weight is only 60% of its, lighter and stronger than it, which has won international recognition.
Later, foreign experts suggested that we declare a national ceramic matrix composite manufacturing technology engineering center. This center is actually the only one in China, after the establishment of the center and the support of the national industrialization project, began to transfer to the industry, by 2020, SDIC Holdings mixed ownership of such a company, so now assume more and more tasks, aircraft brake disc, We all know that in the past. It was at least imported from abroad, very heavy. And the braking performance was not particularly good.
Later with carbon ceramic brake, carbon ceramic fascia coefficient is not enough
Later with carbon ceramic brake, carbon ceramic fascia coefficient is not enough, so often brake the car. And finally we develop carbon ceramic brake disc, this thing is used in the J-15 and so on. So this carbon ceramic brake disc is the first invention in our world is such a technology. Now the carbon ceramic brake disc is expected to expand civilian even heavy trucks. Heavy trucks often stop the car and then accidents. So we are also in this area to carry out some promotion. Including the train brake part can also use this carbon ceramic brake disc, which later won the second prize of national technological invention, this is our country’s original such a thing.
The combination of industry, university and research is now forming such a chain, and state-owned capital has been invested, and state investment should support this matter.
From this, we realize that, as we just said, industry-university-research innovation is a foundation, for strategic structural materials must have a team of sustainable development, how to combine schools, engineering centers and industries, which is also a very important aspect of the development of new materials. At that time, the Fukushima nuclear accident. We all know that high temperature and water produced hydrogen explosion, which is the cause of the Fukushima nuclear accident. So after Fukushima, everyone was investigating. After some people have researched and investigated, foreign countries are developing continuous silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide. Which is difficult, but the requirement is four meters long and does not allow a little bending, etc. But also an anti-nuclear environment.
In this regard, we have also signed agreements with them, and some nuclear fields to do some technical research. The domestic special introduction of thousands of people from Europe, in this regard, the nuclear field, combined with our materials. So such a new material, in fact, is still in continuous development, foreign countries may be better than our development in some places. Such as the United States wing, its application in the ceramic matrix composite engine, up to 2.3 million hours. Our gap is still very large, especially in the application of aircraft engines, the demand is not so sufficient. In addition, our engine does have a certain gap with the international. So we want to combine materials with products, promote technological progress, and promote the application of new materials in equipment.
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