如果本地电网发生故障，您的 IT 组织会“熄灯”吗？以下是您今天可以采取的步骤，为潜在的黑暗未来做好准备。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
随着气温上升和更多耗电设备（包括电动汽车）上线，区域电网开始感受到压力。今年早些时候，负责监督北美电网可靠性的非营利组织北美电力可靠性公司（North American Electric Reliability Corp.）警告说，在夏季更极端的时期，一些地区已经面临电力供应短缺的风险。
网络基础设施自动化公司BackBox的NetDevOps工程师Dale Penny说，大范围停电对组织的IT运营的影响差异很大，主要取决于他们在保护自己免受此类灾难方面投入了多少资金。“对于那些没有投入时间和精力来实施数据管理和服务可靠性最佳实践的组织来说，电网崩溃可能会引发严重的数据丢失和损坏，并中断其客户所依赖的关键服务。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
电网崩溃将立即停止大面积的电力服务数小时或数天。IT系统依靠电力来处理，交换和存储信息，Linux Foundation Energy的AI和Energy Systems生态系统总监Alexandre Parisot说。“因此，我们可以预期许多系统变得不可用，功能失调，甚至经历宝贵数据的丢失，”他指出。电网故障也会削弱组织冷却其数据中心的能力。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
在办公室，局域网将立即受到影响。服务器和集中式系统只能在有限的时间内保持可用，因为即使是最好的备用发电机通常也只能供电几个小时。与此同时，在正常情况下处理服务问题的IT员工在大型活动中会遇到困难，因为他们无法远程甚至物理连接到系统，Parisot说。
一、准备步骤
为了最大程度地减少电网故障的运营影响，IT组织需要制定强大的业务连续性计划。“他们应该投资冗余电源，定期测试故障转移系统，培训员工紧急程序，并使用地理冗余云服务，”Penny建议。他还建议从传统的现场数据中心迁移到公共云服务。“利用多个地理区域将限制中断的影响，”Penny说，并指出规划应涉及整个领导团队，包括首席技术官或首席信息官，IT经理以及DevOps和安全团队。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
IT安全咨询公司NCC Group的风险管理和治理技术总监Sourya Biswas认为，为电网崩溃做准备的最佳方法是模拟事件进行练习。他建议创建一个包含定期测试的业务连续性计划（BCP）。“测试的范围可以从在会议环境中与利益相关者讨论操作顺序的桌面练习，到完全中断测试，其中连接实际中断以评估业务连续性计划中的控制。”
二、准备好
电网威胁并不新鲜。自然原因，如太阳风暴、野火和极端天气条件，可以迅速停用电网，正如 2021 年德克萨斯州以及 2011 年加利福尼亚州和亚利桑那州所证明的那样。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
与此同时，Biswas警告说，故意网络攻击的可能性继续增长。他指出，能源是网络攻击者针对美国的最高行业。虽然企业已经熟悉网络犯罪分子窃取个人和财务信息，但大多数企业还没有准备好与针对行业以造成广泛破坏的国家行为者打交道。在正在进行的俄乌冲突期间，有几份关于俄罗斯试图摧毁乌克兰电网的报道。
三、崩溃率
发生重大电网崩溃的几率每年都在增加。最有可能引起电网故障的事件包括与天气相关的事件，与天气无关的自然灾害（如野火，地震，海啸，甚至罕见但可能具有破坏性的高强度太阳风暴）。此外，佩妮说，还有国家行为者和随机恐怖主义行为构成的威胁。他指出，2022 年北卡罗来纳州摩尔县的两个变电站遭到袭击，导致大约 40,000 名客户四天无能为力，这是电网恐怖主义的一个例子。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
虽然危险是真实的，但IT领导者可以得到一些安慰，因为在世界大部分地区，完全的国家或地区电网崩溃并不常见，也不太可能。“在美国，最后一次符合描述的事件是在2003年1965月，”帕里索说。“在此之前，我们必须回到<>年<>月。在这两种情况下，都仔细检查了导致故障的事件，以了解根本原因并加强电网。
英文原文：
How to Prepare Your IT Organization to Survive a Major Power Grid Collapse
Will it be ‘lights out’ for your IT organization if the local power grid fails? Here are the steps you can take today to prepare for a potentially dark future.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
As temperatures rise and more power-hungry devices — including electric vehicles — come online, regional power grids are beginning to feel the strain. Earlier this year, the North American Electric Reliability Corp., a non-profit organization that oversees the dependability of North American power grids, warned that some areas are already facing risks of electricity supply shortfalls during periods of more extreme summer conditions.
The impact of a widespread power outage on an organization’s IT operations varies greatly, based primarily on how much they have invested in protecting themselves from this type of catastrophe, says Dale Penny, NetDevOps engineer at network infrastructure automation firm BackBox. “For organizations that don’t invest the time and effort needed to implement best practices for data management and service reliability, a power grid collapse could trigger significant data loss and corruption as well as disrupt critical services that their customers rely on.”数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Potential Impact
A grid collapse would immediately halt power service over a wide area for hours or days. IT systems rely on electricity to process, exchange and store information, says Alexandre Parisot, ecosystem director, AI and Energy Systems, at Linux Foundation Energy. “Therefore, we can expect many systems to become unavailable, dysfunctional, or even experience the loss of valuable data,” he notes. A grid failure would also cripple the organization’s ability to cool its data center.
In offices, local-area networks would be immediately affected. Servers and centralized systems would remain available for only a limited amount of time, since even the best backup generators are usually designed to supply electricity for only up to a few hours. Meanwhile, the IT workforce, which usually has no problem dealing with service issues under normal conditions, would experience difficulty doing so in a large-scale event, due to their inability to connect to systems remotely or possibly even physically, Parisot says.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Preparation Steps
To minimize a grid failure’s operational impact to the greatest possible extent, IT organizations need to establish a strong business continuity plan. “They should invest in redundant power, regularly tested failover systems, training staff in emergency procedures, and using geo-redundant cloud services,” Penny advises. He also recommends migrating from traditional on-site data centers to public cloud services. “Leveraging multiple geographic zones will limit the impact of outages,” Penny says, noting that planning should involve the entire leadership team, including the CTO or CIO, IT managers, and DevOps and security teams.
Sourya Biswas, technical director, risk management and governance, at IT security consulting firm NCC Group, believes that the best way to prepare for a power grid collapse is to practice with simulated events. He suggests creating a business continuity plan (BCP) that incorporates regular testing. “Testing can range from a tabletop exercise that discusses the order of operations with stakeholders in a conference setting, to a full interruption test in which the connections are actually disrupted to evaluate the controls in the business continuity plan.”数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Get Ready
Power grid threats aren’t new. Natural causes, such as solar storms, wildfires, and extreme weather conditions can quickly deactivate power grids, as demonstrated in Texas in 2021 and California and Arizona in 2011.
Meanwhile, the probability of intentional cyberattacks continues to grow, Biswas warns. He points to the fact that energy is the highest targeted US industry by cyber attackers. While enterprises are already familiar with cybercriminals stealing personal and financial information, most aren’t prepared to deal with state actors that target industries in an effort to cause widespread disruption. During the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict, there have been several reports of Russia trying to take down Ukraine’s power grid.
Playing the Odds
The odds of a major grid collapse occurring increases every year. The events most likely to induce a power grid failure include weather-related incidents, non-weather-related natural disasters (such as wildfires, earthquakes, tsunamis, and even rare, yet potentially devastating, high-intensity solar storms). Additionally, Penny says, there are the threats posed by state-actors and random acts of terrorism. He points to the assault on two electrical substations in Moore County, North Carolina, in 2022 that left approximately 40,000 customers powerless for four days, as an example of power grid terrorism.
While the danger is real, IT leaders can take some solace in the fact that complete national or regional grid collapses are infrequent and unlikely in most parts of the world. “In the United States, the last event fitting the description was in August 2003,” Parisot says. “Prior to this, we have to go back to November 1965.” In both cases, events leading up to the failures were carefully examined to understand the root causes and strengthen the grid.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
本文由数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）转载而成，来源于INFOMATIONWEEK.COM；编辑/翻译：数字化转型网默然。
免责声明: 本网站(http://www.szhzxw.cn/)内容主要来自原创、合作媒体供稿和第三方投稿，凡在本网站出现的信息，均仅供参考。本网站将尽力确保所提供信息的准确性及可靠性，但不保证有关资料的准确性及可靠性，读者在使用前请进一步核实，并对任何自主决定的行为负责。本网站对有关资料所引致的错误、不确或遗漏，概不负任何法律责任。
本网站刊载的所有内容(包括但不仅限文字、图片、LOGO、音频、视频、软件、程序等) 版权归原作者所有。任何单位或个人认为本网站中的内容可能涉嫌侵犯其知识产权或存在不实内容时，请及时通知本站，予以删除。
