大型科技公司的顶级应用平台，包括Meta，Facebook，Instagram，Apple的在线App Store和一些Google服务，将面临越来越多的监管审查，因为欧盟数字服务法案（DSA）的更多内容将于周五上线。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
DSA为大型科技公司制定了新规则，包括防止有害内容传播，禁止或限制某些用户定位做法，以及与监管机构和研究人员共享一些内部数据。这些规则适用于19个最大的在线平台，这些平台在欧盟拥有超过45万用户。到2024年，该法规将涵盖各种在线平台，无论其规模如何。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
欧盟已成为技术和数据隐私监管方面事实上的领导者。其通用数据保护条例（GDPR）已成为黄金标准，因为其他国家/地区希望制定自己的法规。新的法规即将出台，包括《数字市场法》和《人工智能法》。
一、执法可能带来巨额罚款
DSA有严重的牙齿 – 一个被发现违反规则的组织将面临高达其全球营业额6%的严厉罚款。屡次犯罪可能导致欧盟的运营禁令。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
虽然大多数受影响的科技公司都表示愿意遵守，但亚马逊和德国时装零售商Zalando已经对他们作为一个非常大的在线平台被列入DSA名单提出了法律挑战。亚马逊在七月份提出了法律挑战，称这些国家更大的竞争对手尚未被指定。
虽然X公司（前身为Twitter）表示愿意遵守法律，但它在一篇博客文章中表达了担忧：“我们看到一种令人担忧的趋势，即欧盟或成员国将制定具有繁重和高度本地化要求的立法，或规定严厉的制裁。执法的公正性取决于法律体系中嵌入的正当程序保护。然后，另一个国家可能会复制法律，通常是在欧盟之外，但其法律和政治制度不太强调正当程序。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
在七月份的一份声明中，亚马逊表示，它被DSA“不公平地挑出来”。“我们的绝大部分收入来自我们的零售业务，我们不是我们经营的任何欧盟国家中最大的零售商，”该公司表示。
该博客文章补充说：“DSA正在开辟新天地，主要是积极的方面，在成员国层面采取进一步行动之前，应该允许这种区域标准制定过程发挥作用。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
根据欧盟委员会的网站，具有里程碑意义的DSA规则侧重于保护公民和数字服务提供商，这将减少接触非法内容的机会，降低定价，并为消费者提供更多选择。对于企业而言，该法律承诺提供法律确定性、明确的规则以及在欧洲境内更容易启动和扩展。
英文原文：
EU’s Digital Services Act Goes Live to Police Big Tech Apps
The EU continues to lead the rest of the world in tech regulation as its latest effort focuses on major app platforms.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Big Tech’s top app platforms, including Meta, Facebook, Instagram. Apple’s online App Store, and some Google services, will face increased regulatory scrutiny as more of the EU’s Digital Services Act (DSA) went live on Friday.
The DSA makes new rules for major tech companies, including preventing harmful content from spreading, banning. Or limiting certain user-targeting practices, and sharing some internal data with regulators and researchers. The rules apply to 19 of the largest online platforms. Which combine for more than 45 million users in the EU. In 2024, the regulations will cover a variety of online platforms, regardless of size.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
The EU has become the de facto leader in technology and data privacy regulation. Its General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has become the gold standard as other countries look to enact their own regulations. And new regulations are coming, including the Digital Markets Act and the AI Act.
Enforcement Could Bring Big Fines
The DSA has serious teeth — an organization found in breach of the rules faces stiff fines of up to 6% of its global turnover. Repeat offenses could result in an operations ban in the EU.
While most affected tech firms have shown willingness to comply. Amazon and German fashion retailer Zalando have made legal challenges to their inclusion on the DSA list as a very large online platform. Amazon filed their legal challenge in July, saying bigger rivals in the countries had not been designated.
While X, the company formerly known as Twitter, has signaled its willingness to comply with the law. It laid out concerns in a blog post. “We see a worrying trend whereby the EU or a member state will enact legislation with onerous and highly local requirements, or prescribe severe sanctions. The fairness of enforcement is dependent on due process protections embedded in the legal system around the law. Another country may then copy the law, often outside of the EU. But its legal and political system places less emphasis on due process.”数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
In a statement in July.
Amazon said it was “unfairly singled out” by DSA. “The vast majority of our revenue comes from our retail business, we are not the largest retailer in any of the EU countries where we operate,” the company said.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
The blog post added, “The DSA is breaking new ground, largely for the positive, and this process of regional standard-setting should be allowed to play out before further action is taken at member state level.”数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
According to the European Commission’s website. The landmark DSA rules focus on protections for citizens and for providers of digital services that will result in less exposure to illegal content. Lower pricing, and more choice for consumers. For businesses, the law promises to provide legal certainty, clear rules, and easier start-up and scaling within Europe.
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