数字化转型网灯塔制造专题
数字化转型网灯塔智造专题活动将涵盖灯塔工厂、黑灯工厂、未来工厂、智能工厂等，从设计规划到落地实践的全流程。并融合人工智能、数字化转型、智能制造、机器人与自动化等技术与理念，帮助中国制造业企业打通客户订单到生产的全流程，实现世界一流灯塔标杆。
导读
制造业是国民经济的主体，是立国之本、兴国之器、强国之基。十八世纪中叶开启工业文明以来，世界强国的兴衰史和中华民族的奋斗史一再证明，没有强大的制造业，就没有国家和民族的强盛。打造具有国际竞争力的制造业，是我国提升综合国力、保障国家安全、建设世界强国的必由之路。
12月28日，国家制造强国建设战略咨询委员会、中国工程院等单位联合发布《2023中国制造强国发展指数报告》（以下简称“报告”）。中国工程院院士、南京航空航天大学党委书记单忠德对2022世界主要国家制造强国发展指数情况、近三年世界主要国家制造强国发展进程、我国迈入制造强国面临的主要问题与措施建议等内容进行分析解读。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
据介绍，2013年我国首次构建制造强国指标体系，“中国制造强国发展指数”测评分析世界主要国家制造业发展水平，为我国制造强国战略提供量化参考与决策支撑。“中国制造强国发展指数”由规模发展、质量效益、结构优化、创新发展、持续发展五个分项数值构成，综合反映了一国制造业发展强弱水平。
一、我国制造强国发展指数稳定居于较高水平
通过构建制造强国指标体系，并运用指数加权法分别计算出美国、德国、日本、英国、法国、韩国、印度、巴西和中国九个国家的制造强国综合指数，2022年九个国家的制造强国综合指数比较如下。
《报告》显示，美国处于制造强国第一阵列，德国、日本位居第二阵列，中国位居第三阵列前列，并与其他国家拉开较大差距。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
九国制造强国发展指数分布相对较为稳定，美国、德国、日本、中国指数值稳定在120以上，相对优势较为明显，我国与德、日差距在缩小，追赶步伐在加快。
2022年，我国加大宏观调控力度，应对超预期因素冲击，制造强国发展指数稳定居于超过120的较高水平，我国与日本指数差距由2012年的31.98缩小至2022年的1.65，自“十三五”以来差距首次不足2个点，呈现出强大的制造韧性，制造业整体实现平稳增长，发展质量不断提升，制造强国发展进程扎实推进。
二、世界主要国家制造强国发展指数情况
世界各国都在积极探索符合本国自身优势与特色的发展模式，聚焦制造业复苏与产业链优化，大力发展制造业，制造强国发展指数均实现提升。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
美、中、日、德四国均在创新产出上实现提升。中国主要得益于制造业知名品牌数增长及规模总量优势，实现五个分项数值全部提升。美国质量指数增长，德国和日本装备制造业增加值占制造业增加值比重提升。
规模发展方面，九国中仅有中国 (+0.35)、美国 (+0.11) 和巴西 (+0.77)实现增长，中国制造业增加值达到4.98万亿美元，连续13年位居世界首位，与美、日、德、英法、巴六国制造业增加值之和基本持平。
质量效益方面，九国中仅有中国(+0.53)、德国 (+1.54)、巴西 (+3.05)实现增长，其他六国均出现不同程度的下降，日本降幅最大。发达国家主要因一国制造业拥有世界知名品牌数、制造业增加值率、制造业劳动生产率下降引致分项数值下降。
中国实现了质量效益分项数值增长 (+0.53)，主要得益于“一国制造业拥有世界知名品牌数”的小幅提升。我国制造业销售利润率出现下降，制造业全员劳动生产率首次微跌至39385美元/人，反映出我国制造业整体仍处于提质增效的关键时期。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
结构优化方面，除巴西之外，其他八国均实现正增长，其中中国 (+1.71)、美国(+1.21)、日本(+1.98)、德国 (+1.36) 增幅较大。美国凭借装备制造业及基础产业的强势表现首次反超德国，位居结构优化分项数值首位。发达国家积极布局高端装备制造业，加速抢占战略高点，重塑竞争优势。
我国持续发力培育打造龙头企业，基础产业增加值占全球比重提升至6.93%，全球500强中一国制造业企业营业收入占比提升至25.22%。自2021年起，结构优化分项数值已成为我国制造强国发展指数提升的首要动能。
创新发展方面，除巴西外，其他八国均实现正增长。日本 (30.45，+6.91) 强势增长，首次超过美国(30.32，+4.03)位居九国创新发展分项数值首位。
发达国家聚焦高科技产业，强化专利布局以确保竞争优势。发展中国家也正日益成为知识产权增长的新引擎，以期实现创新产出的新突破。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
中国(+1.37)改变了2021年制造业研发投入强度、单位制造业增加值发明专利授权量等创新投入、产出指标双下降的不利局面，各二级指标分项数值均实现小幅提升，但与发达国家差距仍较大。
持续发展方面，九国持续发展分项数值均实现微增，韩国主要得益于单位能耗制造业增加值的提升，在九国中增幅位居第一。发达国家在绿色低碳领域具有先发优势，在单位能耗的制造业增加值方面领先发展。我国单位能耗的制造业增加值产出水平、工业资源高效循环水平等方面与工业发达国家相比还有较大的提升空间。
中国、美国、德国、日本等国规模总量位居世界前列，其制造强国发展指数虽在个别年份出现波动，但整体对超预期风险冲击应对更为扎实有效。
发达国家在质量效益优势相对稳定、提升潜力有限的情况下，全力发力结构优化与创新发展，积极打造经济新的增长极。
美国，持续发力“结构优化”与“创新发展”，强化供应链产业链，聚焦高端制造，保持尖端技术领先地位与创新活力。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
德国，不断提升德国依托深厚的制造业基础，加速培育龙头企业与各类“隐形冠军”产品质量与装备水平，稳定确立“质量效益”与“结构优化”竞争优势。
日本，大力推动制造业基础技术的产业振兴和前沿技术研发创新，鼓励制造业回流促进本国产业复苏，“创新发展”增长迅速，扭转了2012-2019年制造强国发展指数下降趋势，首次超过2012年(124.29) 同期水平。
三、我国制造强国建设稳中有进
十八大以来，我国制造业大国地位进一步巩固。2012年到2022年，我国制造业增加值由16.98万亿元增长到33.5万亿元。从2010年已连续13年世界第一，在全球制造业占比超过30%，我国已经成为名副其实的世界制造大国。
我国制造强国建设取得“量”和“质”的稳步提升。2020-2022年，我国制造业高质量发展扎实推进，制造强国建设不断迈上新台阶。经受住了超预期因素影响的较大冲击，在攻坚克难中基本稳住了经济大盘。坚定不移推进制造强国建设，积极应对复杂多变环境，持续强化规模优势，积极提升结构优化、质量效益、创新发展，扎实完成了国家发展的主要目标任务。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
三年间，中国制造业展现出较强韧性，龙头企业发挥了定海神针的作用，“新三样” （电动载人汽车、锂电池、太阳能电池）成为中国经济高质量发展新动能。同时报告也指出，制造业稳增长仍存在诸多不确定因素，创新效能、产业基础、装备制造等方面与发达国家存在较大差距，应坚持稳中求进、以进促稳，坚定不移建设制造强国，走好中国特色的新型工业化道路。
数字化转型网灯塔智造专题
数字化转型网灯塔智造专题活动将涵盖灯塔工厂、黑灯工厂、未来工厂、智能工厂等，从设计规划到落地实践的全流程。并融合人工智能、数字化转型、智能制造、机器人与自动化等技术与理念，帮助中国制造业企业打通客户订单到生产的全流程，实现世界一流灯塔标杆。数字化转型网灯塔智造专题活动包含以下内容：
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翻译：
The “2023 China Manufacturing Power Development Index Report” was released
Introduction
Manufacturing industry is the main body of the national economy, is the foundation of the country, the tool of the country and the foundation of the country. Since the beginning of industrial civilization in the mid-18th century, the history of the rise and fall of world powers and the struggle of the Chinese nation have repeatedly proved that without a strong manufacturing industry, there can be no prosperity of a country and a nation. Building a manufacturing industry with international competitiveness is the only way for China to enhance its overall national strength, safeguard national security and build a world power.
On December 28, the National Manufacturing Power Construction Strategy Advisory Committee, the Chinese Academy of Engineering and other units jointly issued the 2023 China Manufacturing Power Development Index Report (hereinafter referred to as the “Report”). Shan Zhongde, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Party secretary of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, analyzed and interpreted the development index of the world’s major manufacturing powers in 2022, the development process of the world’s major manufacturing powers in the past three years, and the main problems faced by China’s manufacturing powers and measures and suggestions.
According to reports, in 2013, China for the first time to build a manufacturing power indicator system, “China manufacturing power development index” assessment analysis of the world’s major countries manufacturing development level, for China’s manufacturing power strategy to provide quantitative reference and decision-making support. The “China Manufacturing Power Development Index” is composed of five sub-values: scale development, quality and efficiency, structure optimization, innovation and development, and sustainable development, which comprehensively reflects the strength and weakness of a country’s manufacturing industry. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
China’s manufacturing power development index is stable at a high level
By constructing the manufacturing power index system, and using the index weighting method to calculate the manufacturing power composite index of nine countries, namely the United States, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, France, South Korea, India, Brazil and China, the comparison of the manufacturing power composite index of nine countries in 2022 is as follows.
The report shows that the United States is in the first tier of manufacturing powers, Germany and Japan are in the second tier, and China is in the front of the third tier, and there is a big gap with other countries.
The distribution of the development index of the nine manufacturing powers is relatively stable, and the index value of the United States, Germany, Japan and China is stable at more than 120, with obvious comparative advantages, and the gap between China and Germany and Japan is narrowing, and the pace of catch-up is accelerating. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
In 2022, China will increase macro-control efforts to cope with the impact of unexpected factors, and the development index of manufacturing power will be stable at a higher level of more than 120, and the gap between China and Japan will be reduced from 31.98 in 2012 to 1.65 in 2022, the first time the gap is less than 2 points since the “13th Five-Year Plan”, showing strong manufacturing resilience. The overall manufacturing industry has achieved steady growth, the quality of development has been continuously improved, and the development process of manufacturing power has been steadily advanced.
The world’s major countries manufacturing power development index
Countries around the world are actively exploring development models that are in line with their own advantages and characteristics, focusing on the recovery of the manufacturing industry and the optimization of the industrial chain, and vigorously developing the manufacturing industry, and the development index of manufacturing powers has improved.
The United States, China, Japan and Germany all increased their innovation output. China mainly benefited from the growth of the number of well-known brands in the manufacturing industry and the advantages of the total scale, and achieved the improvement of all five sub-items. The quality index of the United States increased, and the added value of the equipment manufacturing industry in Germany and Japan increased in the proportion of the added value of the manufacturing industry.
In terms of scale development, among the nine countries, only China (+0.35), the United States (+0.11) and Brazil (+0.77) achieved growth. China’s manufacturing value added reached US $4.98 trillion, ranking first in the world for 13 consecutive years, and basically equal to the combined manufacturing value added of the United States, Japan, Germany, Britain, France and Brazil.
In terms of quality and efficiency, among the nine countries, only China (+0.53), Germany (+1.54) and Brazil (+3.05) achieved growth, while the other six countries showed varying degrees of decline, and Japan dropped the most. Developed countries mainly due to the number of world famous brands in a country’s manufacturing industry, manufacturing value-added rate, manufacturing labor productivity decline caused by the decline in the sub-item value. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
China achieved a sub-item value growth of quality and benefit (+0.53), mainly due to a small increase in the number of “world famous brands in a country’s manufacturing industry”. The sales profit margin of China’s manufacturing industry declined, and the labor productivity of the manufacturing industry fell slightly to 39385 US dollars/person for the first time, reflecting that China’s manufacturing industry as a whole is still in a critical period of improving quality and efficiency.
In terms of structural optimization, in addition to Brazil, the other eight countries achieved positive growth, including China (+1.71), the United States (+1.21), Japan (+1.98) and Germany (+1.36). With the strong performance of equipment manufacturing and basic industries, the United States surpassed Germany for the first time, ranking first in the structural optimization sub-value. Developed countries actively layout high-end equipment manufacturing, accelerate to seize strategic heights, and reshape competitive advantages.
China continued to make efforts to cultivate and build leading enterprises, and the proportion of added value of basic industries in the world increased to 6.93%, and the proportion of operating income of manufacturing enterprises in the global top 500 increased to 25.22%. Since 2021, the structural optimization sub-value has become the primary driving force for the improvement of the development index of China’s manufacturing powerhouse. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
In terms of innovation and development, except for Brazil, the other eight countries achieved positive growth. Japan (30.45, +6.91) recorded strong growth, surpassing the United States (30.32, +4.03) for the first time to rank first among the nine countries in terms of innovation and development.
Developed countries focus on high-tech industries and strengthen patent distribution to ensure competitive advantage. Developing countries are also increasingly emerging as new engines of IP growth, with a view to achieving new breakthroughs in innovation output.
China (+1.37) has changed the unfavorable situation of the double decline of innovation input and output indicators such as the intensity of manufacturing R&D input and the amount of invention patents granted per unit manufacturing value added in 2021, and the sub-values of each secondary index have achieved a slight increase, but the gap with developed countries is still large.
In terms of sustainable development, the sub-items of sustainable development of the nine countries all achieved a slight increase, and South Korea mainly benefited from the increase in the added value of the manufacturing industry per unit of energy consumption, ranking first among the nine countries. Developed countries have a first-mover advantage in the green and low-carbon field and lead the development in terms of manufacturing added value per unit of energy consumption. China’s unit energy consumption of manufacturing value added output level, industrial resources efficient recycling water equality compared with industrial developed countries there is still a large room for improvement.
China, the United States, Germany, Japan and other countries rank among the top in the world in terms of total scale, and their manufacturing power development index has fluctuated in individual years, but the overall response to unexpected risk shocks has been more solid and effective.
With relatively stable quality and efficiency advantages and limited potential for improvement, developed countries have made every effort to optimize their economic structure and develop through innovation, and actively create new poles of economic growth. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
The United States continues to make efforts to “structure optimization” and “innovative development”, strengthen the supply chain industrial chain, focus on high-end manufacturing, and maintain the leading position of cutting-edge technology and innovation vitality.
Germany, constantly improve Germany relying on a deep manufacturing base, accelerate the cultivation of leading enterprises and all kinds of “hidden champions” product quality and equipment level, stable establishment of “quality and efficiency” and “structure optimization” competitive advantages.
Japan, vigorously promote the industrial revitalization of the basic technology of manufacturing and cutting-edge technology research and development innovation, encourage the return of manufacturing to promote the recovery of the domestic industry, “innovation and development” rapid growth, reversing the downward trend of the development index of manufacturing power from 2012 to 2019, for the first time exceeded the same period in 2012 (124.29) level.
China made steady progress in building a strong manufacturing country
Since the 18th National Congress, China’s manufacturing power status has been further consolidated. From 2012 to 2022, the added value of China’s manufacturing industry increased from 16.98 trillion yuan to 33.5 trillion yuan. Since 2010, it has been the world’s first for 13 consecutive years, accounting for more than 30% of the global manufacturing industry, and China has become a veritable world manufacturing power. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
The construction of China’s manufacturing power has achieved steady improvement in “quantity” and “quality”. From 2020 to 2022, the high-quality development of China’s manufacturing industry will make solid progress, and the construction of a manufacturing power will continue to reach a new level. It has withstood the greater impact of unexpected factors and basically stabilized the economic market in overcoming difficulties. We steadfastly promoted the building of a strong manufacturing country, actively responded to the complex and changing environment, continued to strengthen the scale advantage, and actively improved the structure optimization, quality and efficiency, and innovative development, and solidly fulfilled the main goals and tasks of national development.
In the past three years, China’s manufacturing industry has shown strong resilience, leading enterprises have played the role of the anchor sea, and the “new three” (electric manned vehicles, lithium batteries, and solar cells) have become the new driving force for the high-quality development of China’s economy. At the same time, the report also pointed out that there are still many uncertainties in the steady growth of the manufacturing industry, innovation efficiency, industrial base, equipment manufacturing and other aspects of the developed countries there is a big gap, we should adhere to stability to seek progress, promote stability with progress, unswervingly build manufacturing power, take the new road of industrialization with Chinese characteristics. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
本文由数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）转载而成，来源于制造前沿；编辑/翻译：数字化转型网宁檬树。
