本文为数字化转型网erp企业资源计划专题系列文章四：（四）：企业实施ERP需要注意哪几个方面？ERP实施需要注意什么？ERP系统怎么优化？ERP系统优化的发展趋势是什么？数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
一、企业实施ERP需要注意的几个方面
据相关资料统计表明，ERP的实施成功率只有10%～20%。本文主要从基于供应链管理思想的ERP来看企业实施ERP需要注意哪几个方面？ERP实施需要注意什么？
基于供应链管理思想的ERP，在实施过程中需要从以下几个方面进行：
（一）ERP实施需要注意的方面一：确立ERP系统实施的决策者
企业实施ERP过程中需要先确立ERP系统实施的决策者。决策者就是对企业各方面的情况掌握较全面，对企业的整体发展目标较明确，有一定的影响力和号召力的人。由其担当ERP项目实施的领头羊，进行统筹规划，就会走好每一步，下好整盘棋。在企业内部成立完善的三级组织机构：领导小组、项目实施小组和职能小组。通过决策者和组织机构的科学决策，确定ERP的实施计划步骤、实施细则与人员分工。
（二）ERP实施需要注意的方面二：做好前期咨询与调研工作数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
ERP实施需要提前做好前期咨询与调研工作。咨询就是要通过管理咨询专家对企业当前发展和管理中的薄弱环节及存在的核心问题进行诊断与分析，重新设计业务流程，调整组织分配；调研就是要知己知彼，搞清企业生产与业务构成、服务需求、ERP供应商的开发能力及软件产品特点和其成功案例的了解、供应链的构成环节、市场供求关系与未来变化特点等情况。确保基础数据的准确性、时效性、可靠性和前后、上下数据间的一致性，为科学决策与管理提供参考依据。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
（三）ERP实施需要注意的方面三：选择适合企业特点的ERP管理软件
企业在ERP实施前要选择适合本企业特点的ERP管理软件。因为ERP产品比较多，不同企业间的规模、产品结构、市场战略、管理模式也存在较大的差异。因此，企业在选择ERP软件的时候，应该着重从企业需求、软件功能的拓展与开放性、二次开发工具及其易用性、完善的软件文档、良好的售后服务与技术支持、系统的稳定性、供应商的实力与信誉、合适的价格等方面进行综合考虑。另外也要做投资效益分析，包括资金利润率、投资回收期、实施周期及难度，以避免造成实施时间、二次开发或用户化时间过长而影响效益的兑现。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
（四）ERP实施需要注意的方面四：切实做好员工的培训工作
企业实施ERP的过程中要切实做好员工的培训工作。分别对车间和部门负责人、财会人员、生产计划员、购销人员、生产统计员、仓库管理员等进行贯穿于ERP系统实施全过程的培训。因为ERP系统的使用会在较大程度上改变员工现有的操作方式或操作流程。要从精良生产、准时制生产、全面质量管理等方面，对ERP项目涉及的人员分不同层次、不同程度地进行软件功能使用培训。
（五）ERP实施需要注意的方面五：建立健全工程项目管理体制和运作机制
企业在实施ERP的前期和实施过程中要建立健全工程项目管理体制和整体的运作机制。ERP系统是一个具有投资大、周期长、系统复杂和高风险等特点的企业管理系统工程。因此，企业在ERP应用过程中必须从系统工程和科学管理的角度出发，确保ERP项目的成功实施。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
（六）ERP实施需要注意的方面六：实现ERP与电子商务的整合
企业实施ERP过程中要注意ERP与电子商务的整合。电子商务是企业参与未来国际竞争，优化企业经营的主流商务模式。电子商务时代的ERP系统将充分利用 Internet 技术及信息集成技术，将供应链管理、客户关系管理、企业办公自动化等功能全面集成优化，以支持产品协同商务等企业经营管理模式。如果ERP一味固守原有的管理思想，只停留在企业内部流程的管理上，将不能适应电子商务时代资源优化及企业间协同发展的需要。计划实施ERP的企业，就必须争取能够实现ERP和电子商务的无缝对接，为企业在电子商务时代的发展提供新的发展机遇。
二、ERP系统的优化
（一）ERP的系统优化发展趋势一：ERP全球化数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
ERP系统优化的发展方向之一是ERP全球化。在中小企业信息化建设中，最为明显的发展趋势便是：企业全球化、市场全球化以及竞争全球化。随着电子商务的不断发展，政策屏障已经在过去几年内相继消失，企业电子商务已经在中小企业存在了相当长的一段时间，经营的范围已逐渐扩大到全球。因此，随着中小企业信息化建没的不断加强。势必要求优化ERP系统功能，为全球化的企业提供服务。
ERP已经支持了企业信息化明显的、相对容易做到的功能，比如允许交易和电报使用多种货币单位、按国别申报经营成果。但是。ERP里的其他功能，比如适用于当地政策结构或当地文化期望值，就会在ERP系统中设计得很复杂，而且利用编程来实现的难度较大。因此。使ERP全球化首先应该从ERP流程标准化着手，把相关地区的生产力、生产与运输成本、关税以及需求等全球数据结合在一起。
随着市场全球化，中小企业公司间也倾向于进行合并，以更好地应对市场中生产能力过剩的情况。另外，信息环境与流程环境的相似性也会引起业务上的结合。合并与收购的不断增长带来了另一种需求——把原来相互分隔的ERP整合在一起。因此，在优化ERP系统的时候，必须考虑到企业在原有ERP系统中倾注的精力，使企业在原有ERP系统环境下，稍作升级便可满足目前经济情况下中小企业信息化建设的需要。
（二）ERP的系统优化发展趋势二：ERP快速化
ERP优化的发展方向之二是ERP快速化。在竞争激烈的经营环境中，中小企业为了维持生存、发展，必须迅速了解到单个客户在某一特定时间想要得到什么，并通过ERP软件来做出反应。因此，要求ERP软件具有快速感知与快速反应能力。优化后的ERP必须在技术方面满足中小企业信息化建设的需要。提高企业回应客户的速度和灵活性。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
（三）ERP的系统优化发展趋势三：ERP重组化
ERP优化的发展方向其三是ERP重组化。经济全球化促进了企业间的合并，但是，由于企业及管理机构要求降低管理的成本，因此会促使各企业在本行业内进行重新组合。重组之后的公司也应该能够在优化后的ERP软件的帮助下，进行ERP重组，使得ERP软件可以适应目前企业重组后的要求。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
（四）ERP的系统优化发展趋势四：ERP虚拟化
ERP优化的发展方向其四是ERP虚拟化。由于虚拟组织是企业为了实现共赢而进行的联合协作。关系范围非常广泛。优化后的ERP软件为了涵盖这样的范围，技术上需要支持不同级别的数据与流程的联合，从简单的组织机构间的市场交易，到完全联合与共享，各种级别的联合必须要适合构成虚拟组织的两家（或多家）机构之间的关系种类。要使ERP软件虚拟化。方法之一是扩大价值链，把多个数据系统中的信息整合在一起。 数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
更多有关ERP相关文章，例如ERP资料、ERP成功案例、ERP方案等可在数字化转型网ERP专栏里进行阅读；如果您需要ERP相关资料包报可点击蓝字填写问卷与我们取得联系；更多精彩内容可进入读者群与百万读者一同交流~数字化转数数字化转型网szhzxw.cn字化转型网szhzxw.cn型网szhzxw.cn
ERP企业资源计划专题文章系列（四）：企业实施ERP需要注意哪几个方面？ERP实施需要注意什么？ERP系统的优化趋势？翻译：
This paper is the digital transformation network erp enterprise resource planning special series of articles 4: (4) : enterprises need to pay attention to the implementation of ERP several aspects? What should we pay attention to in ERP implementation? How to optimize ERP system? What is the development trend of ERP system optimization? Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
First, enterprises need to pay attention to several aspects of ERP implementation
According to relevant statistics, the success rate of ERP implementation is only 10% ~ 20%. This paper mainly from the ERP based on the idea of supply chain management enterprise implementation need to pay attention to what several aspects? What should we pay attention to in ERP implementation?
ERP based on the idea of supply chain management needs to be implemented from the following aspects:数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
(I) Aspects to be paid attention to in ERP implementation I: To establish decision makers for ERP system implementation
In the process of ERP implementation, enterprises need to establish the decision maker of ERP system implementation. Decision-makers are those who have a comprehensive grasp of all aspects of the enterprise, a clear understanding of the overall development goals of the enterprise, and have certain influence and appeal. If they act as the leader of ERP project implementation and make overall planning, they will make every step and play the whole game well. In the enterprise to establish a complete three-level organizational structure: leading group, project implementation group and functional group. Through the scientific decision of decision-makers and organizations, the steps of ERP implementation plan, implementation rules and personnel division are determined.
(2) ERP implementation needs to pay attention to two: do a good job in the preliminary consultation and research work数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
ERP implementation needs to do a good job in advance of the preliminary consultation and research. Consulting is to diagnose and analyze the weak links and core problems in the current development and management of the enterprise through management consulting experts, redesign the business process, and adjust the organization and distribution. Research is to understand the enterprise’s production and business composition, service demand, ERP suppliers’ development ability, software product characteristics and their successful cases, the components of the supply chain, market supply and demand relations and the characteristics of future changes. Ensure the accuracy, timeliness and reliability of the basic data and the consistency between the data before and after and the data above and below, so as to provide a reference for scientific decision-making and management. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
(3) ERP implementation needs to pay attention to three: select suitable for enterprise characteristics of ERP management software数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Before ERP implementation, enterprises should choose the ERP management software suitable for their own characteristics. Due to the large number of ERP products, there are also great differences between different enterprises in scale, product structure, market strategy and management mode. Therefore, when choosing ERP software, enterprises should focus on the enterprise demand, software function expansion and openness, secondary development tools and their ease of use, perfect software documentation, good after-sales service and technical support, system stability, supplier strength and reputation, appropriate price and other aspects. In addition, investment benefit analysis should also be done, including profit rate of funds, payback period of investment, implementation cycle and difficulty, to avoid the implementation time, secondary development or user time is too long and affect the realization of benefits. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
(4) ERP implementation needs to pay attention to four: do a good job of staff training
In the process of ERP implementation, enterprises should do a good job of staff training. Workshop and department heads, financial and accounting personnel, production planners, purchasing and marketing personnel, production statisticians, warehouse managers, etc. were trained throughout the whole process of ERP system implementation. Because the use of ERP system will change the existing operation mode or operation process of employees to a large extent. Personnel involved in ERP projects should be trained in the use of software functions at different levels and to different degrees from the aspects of sophisticated production, just-in-time production, total quality management, etc.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
(5) Aspects to be paid attention to in ERP implementation Five: establish and improve the project management system and operation mechanism
Enterprises should establish and improve the project management system and the overall operation mechanism in the early stage and the implementation process of ERP. ERP system is an enterprise management system engineering with the characteristics of large investment, long cycle, complex system and high risk. Therefore, enterprises must ensure the successful implementation of ERP projects from the perspective of system engineering and scientific management in the process of ERP application. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Vi. Aspects to be paid attention to in ERP implementation VI. Integration of ERP and e-commerce
Enterprises should pay attention to the integration of ERP and e-commerce in the process of implementing ERP. E-commerce is the mainstream business mode for enterprises to participate in the future international competition and optimize their management. The ERP system in the era of e-commerce will make full use of Internet technology and information integration technology to integrate and optimize the supply chain management, customer relationship management, enterprise office automation and other functions to support the business management mode of product collaborative commerce. If ERP blindly sticks to the original management ideas and only stays in the management of internal processes, it will not be able to meet the needs of resource optimization and collaborative development between enterprises in the era of e-commerce. Enterprises planning to implement ERP must strive to achieve seamless connection between ERP and e-commerce, providing new development opportunities for enterprises in the era of e-commerce.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Second, ERP system optimization
(I) ERP system optimization development trend I: ERP global digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
One of the development directions of ERP system optimization is ERP globalization. In the information construction of small and medium-sized enterprises, the most obvious development trend is: enterprise globalization, market globalization and competition globalization. With the continuous development of e-commerce, policy barriers have disappeared in the past few years, and corporate e-commerce has existed in small and medium enterprises for quite a long time, and the scope of business has gradually expanded to the global. Therefore, with the construction of information technology of small and medium-sized enterprises continues to strengthen. It is necessary to optimize the function of ERP system to provide services for global enterprises.
数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
ERP already supports the obvious and relatively easy features of enterprise informatization, such as allowing multiple currency units for transactions and telegrams, and reporting results by country. But. Other functions in ERP, such as application to local policy structures or local cultural expectations, are complicated to design in ERP systems and difficult to implement programmatically. So. The globalization of ERP should begin with the standardization of ERP processes, integrating global data such as productivity, production and transportation costs, tariffs and demand in relevant regions.
数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
With the globalization of the market, smes also tend to merge with each other in order to better cope with the surplus production capacity in the market. In addition, the similarity between the information environment and the process environment also leads to business alignment. The growing number of mergers and acquisitions has created another need — to bring together previously separate ERPs. Therefore, when optimizing the ERP system, the enterprise must take into account the energy invested in the original ERP system, so that the enterprise can meet the needs of the information construction of small and medium-sized enterprises under the current economic situation by slightly upgrading the original ERP system environment.
(2) ERP system optimization development trend II: ERP fast数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
The second development direction of ERP optimization is ERP speed. In order to survive and develop in a highly competitive business environment, small and medium-sized enterprises must quickly understand what a single customer wants at a certain time and respond to it through ERP software. Therefore, ERP software is required to have rapid perception and rapid response ability. The optimized ERP must meet the needs of information construction of small and medium-sized enterprises in technology. Improve the speed and flexibility of business response to customers. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
(3) ERP system optimization development trend 3: ERP reorganization
The third development direction of ERP optimization is ERP reorganization. The globalization of the economy has promoted consolidation among firms, but the demand by firms and regulators to reduce the cost of management has led to a regrouping of firms within their own industries. After reorganization, the company should also be able to carry out ERP reorganization with the help of the optimized ERP software, so that the ERP software can adapt to the requirements of the current enterprise reorganization. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
(4) ERP system optimization development trend four: ERP virtualization
The fourth development direction of ERP optimization is ERP virtualization. Virtual organization is the joint cooperation of enterprises in order to achieve a win-win situation. The relationship is very broad. To cover this scope, optimized ERP software technically needs to support different levels of data and process federation, from simple market transactions between organizations to full federation and sharing. The various levels of federation must be appropriate to the types of relationships between the two (or more) organizations that make up the virtual organization. To virtualize ERP software. One way is to expand the value chain to integrate information from multiple data systems. digitization.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
you need ERP related information package. You can click the blue word to fill in the questionnaire and contact us. More exciting content can enter the readership and millions of readers to communicate with each other ~数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
本文由数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）转载而成，来源于百度百科；编辑/翻译：数字化转型网默然。
免责声明: 本网站(http://www.szhzxw.cn/)内容主要来自原创、合作媒体供稿和第三方投稿，凡在本网站出现的信息，均仅供参考。本网站将尽力确保所提供信息的准确性及可靠性，但不保证有关资料的准确性及可靠性，读者在使用前请进一步核实，并对任何自主决定的行为负责。本网站对有关资料所引致的错误、不确或遗漏，概不负任何法律责任。
本网站刊载的所有内容(包括但不仅限文字、图片、LOGO、音频、视频、软件、程序等) 版权归原作者所有。任何单位或个人认为本网站中的内容可能涉嫌侵犯其知识产权或存在不实内容时，请及时通知本站，予以删除。
