11月25日，国家发展改革委党组成员，国家数据局党组书记、局长刘烈宏在上海举行的2023全球数商大会开幕式上致辞，围绕数据要素市场建设、数据开发利用、数商发展等进行阐述，并首次透露我国将研究实施“数据要素X”行动，在若干重点领域推动数据要素与其他要素相结合，催生新产业、新业态、新模式、新应用、新治理。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
致辞中，刘烈宏多次提到数据的“乘数效应”，以强调数据要素对于经济发展的拉动作用。如在谈到各行业、各领域要加快数据开发利用时，他表示，通过提高各要素协同效率，找到资源配置“最优解”，突破产出边界，可以实现推动经济发展的乘数效应。在为“数据要素X”行动吹风时，他再次强调，要让数据供得出、流得动、用得好，在不同场景中发挥千姿百态的乘数效应。
对于数据要素的价值，刘烈宏从三个层面进行解读剖析，富有新意，或许能为观察数字中国建设今后的走向提供一些线索：一是能以数据“协同”实现全局优化，提升产业运行效率，增强产业核心竞争力；二是能以数据“复用”扩展生产可能性边界，释放数据新价值，拓展经济增长的新空间；三是能以数据“融合”推动量变产生质变，催生新应用、新业态，培育经济发展新动能。
对于上海今年再度举办全球数商大会，刘烈宏表示，上海近年来的一系列创新做法，为全国数据要素体系建设和体制机制改革提供了上海经验。而上海数据交易所作为改革的重要内容，在开展数据要素基础制度研究、打通数据可信流通设施、培育数商等方面开展了卓有成效的探索，发挥了积极的作用。
值得一提的是，刘烈宏专门提到，“国家数据局非常重视推进数商的发展”，将这一群体是视作数据产业的重要组成部分。他表示，希望数商积极关注、参与后续将推出的“数据要素X”行动，促进我国数据基础资源优势转化为经济发展新优势。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
*以下为致辞全文
国家发展改革委党组成员，国家数据局党组书记、局长刘烈宏在2023全球数商大会上的致辞
（2023年11月25日）
尊敬的龚正市长、陈杰副市长，女士们、先生们，大家上午好！非常高兴与各位嘉宾相聚上海，共同探讨数商发展的机遇与未来。我谨代表国家数据局对本次会议的召开表示热烈的祝贺。
党中央、国务院高度重视发挥数据要素的作用，习近平总书记指出，要积极探索推进数据要素市场化，加快构建以数据为关键要素的数字经济。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
一、数商扮演重要角色
在推进数据要素市场化配置的过程中，特别是在丰富完善数据基础制度、推动数据基础设施建设、促进数据流通和开发利用等方面，数商扮演着重要的角色，发挥着关键的作用。
国家数据局非常重视推进数商的发展。当前，各方普遍认为数商是以数据为生产经营关键要素的企业，既有从事数据产品开发、发布、承销和数据资产合规化、标准化、增值化的服务型企业，也有从事利用数据赋能相关产业、推动产出增加和效率提升的应用型企业，还有为数据采集、传输、管理等提供支撑的技术型企业，是数据产业的重要组成部分，在盘活数据要素价值中发挥着关键作用。
服务型数商是数据流通的“推进者”，促进数据动起来。通过探索可信流通技术，提供数据质量评估、风险评估、合规交付等服务，为数据供需双方提供可信的连接，推进数据高效流动。
应用型数商是数据价值的“转化者”，促进数据用起来。通过提供数据开发利用工具、数字化转型服务等，帮助千行百业挖掘数据价值，将痛点、难点转化为新的增长点，将投入成本转化为新的利润来源。
技术型数商是数据资源的“开发者”，促进数据聚起来。通过帮助各类经营主体更好地采集、清洗、存储、传输和管理数据，让分散在不同系统、平台的数据汇聚成标准化、可流通的生产要素，拓展数据来源，提升数据质量。
近年来，在各方大力推动下，我国数据产业快速发展。据上海数交所研究，从2013年至2023年，中国数商企业数量从约11万家增长到超过100万家，其中，传统数字化软硬件服务商依托长期积淀，将数据相关业务作为重点方向发展，成为技术型、应用型数商的中坚力量；伴随着数据流通需求的增长，服务型数商应运而生，成为数据产业的新兴组成部分。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
二、加快数据开发利用
数据具有规模报酬递增、非竞争性、低成本复用的特点，作用于不同的主体、与不同的要素结合，可产生不同程度的倍增效应。
从微观看，数据作用于劳动者，便于人们学习、使用先进的知识和技术，提升人力资源的素质，提高劳动生产率；数据作用于资本，可以辅助投融资决策，更好地推动金融服务实体经济；数据作用于技术，可以重塑创新范式，促进先进技术的传播、扩散，带动全社会生产力水平的提升。
从宏观看，数据作用于经济，可以优化资源配置，促进生产方式变革，提升经济发展的效率与质量；数据作用于治理，可以推进政府管理和社会治理模式的创新，实现政府决策科学化、社会治理精准化、公共服务高效化。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
通过在各行业、各领域加快数据的开发利用，能够提高各类要素协同效率，找到资源配置“最优解”，突破产出的边界，创造新产业、新业态，实现推动经济发展的乘数效应。具体表现为：
一是以“协同”实现全局优化，提升产业运行效率，增强产业核心竞争力。通过从数据中挖掘出有用信息，作用于其他要素，改造提升传统要素投入产出效率，以数据流引领物资流、人才流、技术流、资金流，找到企业、行业、产业在要素资源约束下的“最优解”，提高全要素生产率，可解决过去解决不了的难题，实现过去创造不了的价值。比如，通过打通制造业产业链的数据，可实现供应链上下游零部件厂与主机厂的高效协同研发制造，有效缩短研发周期，降低供应链成本，创造更高质量、更好性能的高性价比产品。
二是以“复用”扩展生产可能性边界，释放数据新价值，拓展经济增长的新空间。一份数据可由多个主体复用，将在不同场景创造多样化的价值增量。与此同时，数据在使用中一般不会损耗，反而越用越好，突破了传统资源要素约束条件下的产出极限，拓展了新的经济增量。比如，医疗健康数据用于临床诊断，可以帮助医生更精准地治疗疾病；应用于医学研究和药物研发，可以加速新药上市提高治愈率；应用于医保行业，可以实现定制化保险和精准定价，带动医疗健康产品和服务的升级。
三是以“融合”推动量变产生质变，催生新应用、新业态，培育经济发展新动能。数据规模越大、种类越多，产生的信息和知识就越多，创造价值的空间就越大，不同类型、不同维度的数据聚合后还可能从量变引发质变，获得意料之外的价值。比如，在人工智能大模型训练过程中发现，当模型规模和训练数据量累积超过一个临界值时，会出现性能的阶跃，新的能力涌现出来，新的人工智能大模型应用在语料数据之外，更整合进图像数据，扩展出多模态的处理能力，可以将视频图像翻译成自然语言，为视障用户提供解释和引导，催生新的应用形态。再比如，通过道路状况、交通流量和车辆行驶数据的互联互通，对车辆传感器数据、用户行为偏好及其他相关信息的汇聚分析，推动了智能网联汽车和交通行业的技术创新和业务模式的变革，实现了从提供出行预测、导航应用，到提供智能驾驶辅助功能和车联网服务，提高了安全性能、驾驶体验和出行效率，为相关企业提供了巨大的商业机遇。
三、研究实施“数据要素X”行动
下一步，国家数据局将围绕发挥数据要素乘数作用，与相关部门一道，研究实施“数据要素X”行动，从供需两端发力，在智能制造、商贸流通、交通物流、金融服务、医疗健康等若干重点领域，加强场景需求牵引、打通流通障碍、提升供给质量，推动数据要素与其他要素相结合，催生新产业、新业态、新模式、新应用、新治理。
希望数商积极关注，并积极参与后续推出的“数据要素X”行动中去，让数据供得出、流得动、用得好，促进我国数据基础资源优势转化为经济发展新优势，推动数据在不同场景中发挥出千姿百态的乘数效应。
四、上海开展了卓有成效的探索
数据链接世界，激发无限可能。近年来，上海充分发挥超大规模城市海量数据和丰富应用场景的优势，坚持整体性转变、全方位赋能、革命性重塑，全面推进城市数字化转型，加快建设具有世界影响力的“国际数字之都”，率先出台《上海市数据条例》，建设政务服务“一网通办”和城市运行“一网统管”“两张网”，整合全市资源，成立市大数据中心，实现全市公共数据资源统一集中管理，成立上海数据集团和上海数据交易所，在临港新片区探索开展数据跨境流通创新试点，为全国数据要素体系建设和体制机制改革提供了上海经验。上海数据交易所在开展数据要素基础制度研究、打通数据可信流通设施、培育数商等方面开展了卓有成效的探索，发挥了积极的作用，此次主办的“2023全球数商大会”，以“数联全球，商通未来”为主题，正当其时，十分必要。希望大家集思广益、深化合作，让我们共同努力，让数好用，把数用好，为激活数据要素价值做出更大的贡献。 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
最后，预祝本次大会圆满成功，谢谢大家！
翻译：
Liu Liehong: Accelerate the development and utilization of data, and promote the multiplier effect of data elements
On November 25, Liu Liehong, member of the Party Group of the National Development and Reform Commission, Secretary of the Party Group and director of the National Data Bureau, delivered a speech at the opening ceremony of the 2023 Global Data Quotient Conference held in Shanghai, elaborated on the construction of data factor market, data development and utilization, and revealed for the first time that China will study and implement the “data factor X” action. In a number of key areas, we will promote the integration of data elements with other elements to generate new industries, new forms of business, new models, new applications, and new governance. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
In his speech, Liu Liehong repeatedly mentioned the “multiplier effect” of data to emphasize the driving role of data elements for economic development. For example, when it comes to accelerating the development and utilization of data in various industries and fields, he said that by improving the synergistic efficiency of various elements, finding the “optimal solution” of resource allocation, and breaking through the output boundary, the multiplier effect of promoting economic development can be achieved. When blowing for the “data factor X” action, he once again stressed that the data should be available, flowing, and used well, and the multiplier effect in different scenarios should be played in various ways.
For the value of data elements, Liu Liehong interpreted and analyzed from three levels, full of new ideas, which may provide some clues for observing the future trend of digital China construction: First, it can achieve global optimization with data “collaboration”, improve industrial operation efficiency, and enhance the core competitiveness of the industry; Second, it can expand the production possibility boundary with data “reuse”, release the new value of data, and expand the new space of economic growth; Third, it can use data “integration” to promote quantitative change and qualitative change, promote new applications and new forms of business, and cultivate new driving forces for economic development. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
For Shanghai to hold the Global Data Business Conference again this year, Liu Lihong said that Shanghai’s series of innovative practices in recent years have provided Shanghai’s experience for the construction of the national data element system and the reform of institutional mechanisms. As an important part of the reform, the Shanghai Data Exchange has carried out fruitful exploration and played a positive role in carrying out research on the basic system of data elements, opening up reliable data circulation facilities and cultivating data vendors.
It is worth mentioning that Liu Liehong specifically mentioned that “the National Data Bureau attaches great importance to promoting the development of data providers”, and regards this group as an important part of the data industry. He expressed the hope that the number of companies will actively pay attention to and participate in the follow-up “data element X” action to promote the transformation of China’s data basic resource advantages into new advantages of economic development.
- The following is the full text of the speech
Speech by Liu Liehong, member of the Party Group of the National Development and Reform Commission, Secretary of the Party Group and Director of the National Data Bureau, at the 2023 Global Data Business Conference 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
(November 25, 2023)
Honorable Mayor Gong Zheng, Vice Mayor Chen Jie, Ladies and gentlemen, good morning! It gives me great pleasure to join you in Shanghai to discuss the opportunities and future of digital business development. On behalf of the National Bureau of Data, I would like to extend warm congratulations on the convening of this meeting.
First, number quotient plays an important role
In the process of promoting the market-oriented allocation of data elements, especially in enriching and improving the data basic system, promoting the construction of data infrastructure, and promoting the circulation, development and utilization of data, data quotient plays an important role and plays a key role. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
The National Data Bureau attaches great importance to promoting the development of data quotient. At present, it is generally believed that data companies are enterprises with data as the key factor of production and operation. There are service enterprises engaged in data product development, release, underwriting and data asset compliance, standardization and value-added, and application-oriented enterprises engaged in using data to empower related industries and promote output increase and efficiency improvement. There are also technology-oriented enterprises that provide support for data collection, transmission, management, etc., which are an important part of the data industry and play a key role in revitalizing the value of data elements.
Service data quotient is the “promoter” of data circulation, which promotes data movement. By exploring trusted flow technologies, we provide services such as data quality assessment, risk assessment, and compliance delivery to provide trusted connections between data supply and demand parties and promote efficient data flow.
The applied number quotient is the “converter” of data value and promotes the use of data. By providing data development and utilization tools, digital transformation services, etc., we help thousands of industries to tap data value, transform pain points and difficulties into new growth points, and transform input costs into new profit sources. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
Technical data providers are the “developers” of data resources, facilitating the aggregation of data. By helping various business entities to better collect, clean, store, transmit and manage data, the data scattered in different systems and platforms can be gathered into standardized and negotiable production factors, expand data sources and improve data quality.
In recent years, with the vigorous promotion of all parties, China’s data industry has developed rapidly. According to the research of Shanghai Digital Exchange, from 2013 to 2023, the number of digital business enterprises in China increased from about 110,000 to more than 1 million, among which, traditional digital hardware and software service providers rely on long-term accumulation, take data-related business as a key direction of development, and become the backbone of technology-oriented and application-oriented digital business; With the increasing demand for data circulation, service data merchants emerge as The Times require and become a new component of data industry.
Second, accelerate the development and utilization of data
Data has the characteristics of increasing returns to scale, non-competitive, low-cost reuse, acting on different subjects, combined with different elements, can produce different degrees of multiplication effect. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
From the micro point of view, data can help workers learn and use advanced knowledge and technology, improve the quality of human resources, and improve labor productivity. Data acts on capital, can assist investment and financing decisions, and better promote financial services to the real economy; The effect of data on technology can reshape the innovation paradigm, promote the dissemination and diffusion of advanced technology, and promote the improvement of the productivity level of the whole society.
From a macro point of view, data can affect the economy, optimize the allocation of resources, promote the change of production mode, and improve the efficiency and quality of economic development. The role of data in governance can promote the innovation of government management and social governance models, and achieve scientific government decision-making, accurate social governance, and efficient public services. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
By accelerating the development and utilization of data in various industries and fields, it can improve the synergistic efficiency of various factors, find the “optimal solution” of resource allocation, break through the boundary of output, create new industries and new forms of business, and achieve the multiplier effect of promoting economic development. The specific performance is as follows:
The first is to achieve global optimization by “collaboration”, improve the efficiency of industrial operation, and enhance the core competitiveness of the industry. By mining useful information from the data, acting on other factors, transforming and improving the input-output efficiency of traditional factors, leading the material flow, talent flow, technology flow and capital flow with data flow, finding the “optimal solution” of enterprises, industries and industries under the constraint of factor resources, improving the total factor productivity, solving the problems that could not be solved in the past and realizing the value that could not be created in the past. For example, by opening up the data of the manufacturing industry chain, the efficient collaborative research and development and manufacturing of upstream and downstream parts factories in the supply chain can be realized, effectively shortening the research and development cycle, reducing the cost of the supply chain, and creating cost-effective products with higher quality and better performance. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
The second is to expand the production possibility boundary by “reuse”, release the new value of data, and expand the new space of economic growth. A single piece of data can be reused by multiple entities, creating diverse value increments in different scenarios. At the same time, data is generally not lost in use, but the more it is used, the better it is, breaking through the output limit under the constraints of traditional resource factors, and expanding new economic increments. For example, medical health data used in clinical diagnosis can help doctors treat diseases more accurately; It can be used in medical research and drug development to accelerate the market of new drugs and improve the cure rate; Applied to the medical insurance industry, it can achieve customized insurance and precise pricing, and drive the upgrade of medical and health products and services.
Third, “integration” promotes quantitative change and qualitative change, spawns new applications and new forms of business, and cultivates new driving forces for economic development. The larger the scale and variety of data, the more information and knowledge will be generated, and the greater the space for creating value. Data of different types and dimensions may also lead to qualitative changes from quantitative changes and obtain unexpected value after aggregation. For example, in the training process of artificial intelligence large model, it is found that when the model size and training data accumulation exceed a critical value, there will be a performance step, and new capabilities emerge. New artificial intelligence large model is applied in addition to corpus data, but also integrated into image data, expanding multi-modal processing capabilities, and can translate video images into natural language. Provide interpretation and guidance for visually impaired users, and foster new application forms. For another example, through the interconnection of road conditions, traffic flow and vehicle driving data, the aggregation and analysis of vehicle sensor data, user behavior preferences and other relevant information has promoted the technological innovation and business model change of intelligent connected vehicles and the transportation industry, realizing the transformation from providing travel prediction and navigation applications to providing intelligent driving assistance functions and vehicle networking services. It improves safety performance, driving experience and travel efficiency, providing a huge business opportunity for the companies involved. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn
Third, study and implement the “Data Factor X” action
In the next step, the National Data Bureau will focus on playing the role of data factor multiplier, work with relevant departments to study and implement the “data factor X” action, work from both ends of supply and demand, and strengthen the traction of scene demand, open up circulation barriers, and improve the quality of supply in several key areas such as intelligent manufacturing, business circulation, transportation logistics, financial services, and medical health. We will promote the integration of data elements with other elements to generate new industries, new forms of business, new models, new applications, and new governance.
I hope that the number of positive attention, and actively participate in the follow-up launch of the “data factor X” action to make the data available, flow, use well, promote China’s data basic resource advantage into a new advantage of economic development, and promote the data in different scenarios to play a variety of multiplier effects. 数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）
Fourth, Shanghai has carried out fruitful exploration
Data links the world and inspires unlimited possibilities. In recent years, Shanghai has given full play to the advantages of massive data and rich application scenarios as a super-sized city, adhered to holistic transformation, all-round empowerment, and revolutionary reshaping, comprehensively promoted urban digital transformation, accelerated the construction of an “international digital capital” with world influence, and took the lead in promulgation of the “Shanghai Data Regulations”. Build the “One Network Communication Office” for government services and the “one network management” and “two networks” for city operation, integrate the city’s resources, set up the city’s big data center, realize the unified and centralized management of public data resources in the city, set up the Shanghai Data Group and Shanghai Data Exchange, and explore and carry out the pilot of cross-border data circulation innovation in the new area of Lingang. The experience of Shanghai has been provided for the construction of the national data element system and the reform of the system mechanism. Shanghai Data Exchange has carried out fruitful exploration and played a positive role in carrying out research on the basic system of data elements, opening up trusted data circulation facilities, and cultivating data providers. The “2023 Global Data Providers Conference” hosted by Shanghai Data Exchange, with the theme of “Connecting the World through Data, Connecting the future through business”, is timely and necessary. I hope that we can pool our minds and deepen cooperation. Let’s work together to make numbers work well and make good use of numbers, and make greater contributions to activating the value of data elements.
In conclusion, I wish this conference a complete success. Thank you!
本文由数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）转载而成，来源于上海数据交易所；编辑/翻译：数字化转型网宁檬树。
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