12月21日，全国工业和信息化工作会议（以下简称“工作会议”）在北京召开。工业和信息化部党组书记、部长金壮龙作重要讲话，总结2023年工作，部署2024年重点任务。结合2024年重点工作任务，《中国电子报》记者采访了各地方各行业各领域代表，对工业和信息化领域相关热点进行解读，为产业发展把脉献策。
一、热点解析之全力促进工业经济平稳增长
工作会议指出，全力促进工业经济平稳增长。抓好稳增长政策落地见效，深入实施十大行业稳增长工作方案，支持工业大省继续“挑大梁”，做好经济宣传、政策解读和舆论引导。深化原材料、消费品“三品”行动，提振新能源汽车、电子产品等大宗消费。深化产融合作，做好制造业重点外资项目服务保障。
2023年以来，应对复杂多变的外部环境和风险挑战，我国工业总体延续稳步恢复态势。实体经济展现出的韧性与潜力，为稳定宏观经济基本盘提供了强有力的支撑。我国工业体系全、品种多、规模大，产业韧性强，升级发展潜力依然巨大。
数据显示，2023年11月份，我国规模以上工业增加值同比实际增长6.6%。1—11月，规模以上工业增加值同比增长4.3%。11月份，41个大类行业中有28个行业增加值保持同比增长。计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业增长10.6%。制造业增加值占GDP比重基本保持稳定，企业效益加快恢复。预计全年，工业增加值同比增长4.3%以上，制造业增加值占GDP比重基本稳定，总体规模连续14年保持全球第一。
我国工业经济处于疫后固本培元期，生产恢复过程中有一些曲折，但工业经济持续回升的态势没有改变。下一步，要切实抓好各项稳增长工作方案的实施，落实落细已出台的系列稳增长政策举措，加强产业政策与财税、金融、贸易、投资等政策的精准对接和协同发力，促进工业经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长，巩固和增强工业经济向好回升态势。
工业企稳回升，重点行业的拉动作用非常大。电子信息制造业、轻工业等十大重点行业规模大、带动性强、关联性高，稳住这些重点行业，基本上就稳住了工业经济。粤开证券首席经济学家罗志恒认为，2024年政策会进一步支持重点产业增强全球影响力，推动传统产业转型，这也会带来技改投资，有利于稳住经济基本盘。
抓紧抓实十大重点行业稳增长方案，加大政策措施落地见效显得尤为重要。一方面，着力恢复和扩大重点领域需求，促进投资、消费、出口共同发力，夯实工业稳定增长基础。另一方面，着力搭建高质量供给体系，稳产业、育企业、建标准，激发工业增长内生动力。
工业大省要真正挑起大梁，为稳定全国经济作出更大贡献。工业大省创新资源丰富，更容易有新作为。这些省份应进一步发挥科技资源多、技术创新能力强、创新人才多的优势，在创新投入主体多元化、管理制度现代化、运行机制市场化、用人机制灵活化方面走在全国前列。
国家信息中心预测部产业室主任魏琪嘉认为，各地在具体产业布局上，要本着因地制宜的原则，避免趋同和资源浪费。因为当产业资源集聚超过合理限度时，规模效益就可能递减，各地要根据自身产业的特殊结构和经济发展阶段，走特色化、差异化发展的路子。北京社会科学院研究员王鹏表示，无论是中西部地区承接产业转移，还是东北地区制造业振兴取得新突破，都能实现区域之间的均衡发展，使原来区域之间的不均衡，在一定程度上做优化配置。
要着力扩大内需，增强消费对经济发展的基础性作用。培育壮大新型消费，大力发展数字消费、绿色消费。要以高质量供给引领创造新需求，还要着力稳住新能源汽车等大宗消费，继续开展智能家电、绿色建材下乡活动，促进形成新的增长点。
作为大宗消费，新能源汽车在稳定和扩大传统消费中的作用要进一步巩固和提升。在中国社会科学院工业经济研究所副所长季为民看来，中国新能源汽车市场正成为引领消费复苏、升级的主力军和先行者。国内汽车产业加速从燃油车时代迈向新能源时代，不仅极大激活了整个汽车产业链、供应链的革新，还成为传统制造业转型升级的催化剂。
做强实体经济，稳固工业运行，还要加快培育新动能新优势。当前，云计算、工业互联网、人工智能等已经成为各国重点发展新兴产业的重点热点，我国也要把握重点方向，推进人工智能、智能网联汽车、新材料等新兴产业发展，培育一批增长新引擎，打造竞争新优势。
浙江大学国际联合商学院数字经济与金融创新研究中心联席主任盘和林认为，新兴领域要锻造优势产业，形成更加完备的产业生态。要围绕链主企业发展上下游配套产业，以完整供应链来巩固产业优势。他建议，在技术前景不确定的领域，要由政府主导并以“广撒网”的形式来推进基础研究。在技术路线相对明朗的领域，应由更靠近市场与消费者的企业来主导。
二、热点解析之推动重点产业链高质量发展
工作会议强调，全面实施制造业重点产业链高质量发展行动。统筹推进关键核心技术攻关工程、产业基础再造工程和重大技术装备攻关工程，强化应用牵引，加快技术攻关突破和成果应用，实现“化点成珠、串珠成链”。
2023年以来，我国制造业重点产业链高质量发展迈出坚实步伐。产业基础再造工程和重大技术装备攻关工程稳步推进，工业母机、关键软件等重点领域创新实现新突破，C919大型客机投入商业运营，国产首艘大型邮轮“爱达·魔都号”正式命名交付，全球单机容量最大的16兆瓦海上风电机组并网发电，国产ECMO完成注册取证，智能6行采棉机实现量产，神舟十六号、十七号顺利升空。
1—11月，高技术产业投资同比增长10.5%，其中高技术制造业和高技术服务业投资分别增长10.5%、10.6%；新产品新行业新业态加快培育，新能源汽车、光伏产品、航空航天器及设备实现高速增长，造船业三大指标继续全球领跑；数字化转型加速进程，智能工厂建设规模和水平有效提升，已建成近万家数字化车间和智能工厂；智能制造新场景、新方案、新模式加速打造，产业提质增效成果显著。
作为制造业重点产业链之一，电子信息制造业的高质量发展对于支撑工业经济恢复发展起着重要作用。今年以来，通过补短板、锻长板、强基础等一系列具体举措，我国电子信息制造业发展保持良好韧性，产业运行企稳回升。1—10月，规模以上电子信息制造业增加值同比增长1.7%。1—10月，手机产量12.5亿台，同比增长1.6%；集成电路产量2765亿块，同比增长0.9%。1—10月，产业固定资产投资同比增长9.6%，比同期工业投资增速高0.7个百分点。
通过强化应用牵引、加快技术攻关突破和成果应用，实现“化点成珠、串珠成链”，是重点产业链高质量发展的重中之重。“目前，我国拥有世界规模最大的工业体系，产业链供应链网络中的节点数量随着全球化分工合作的深化呈现爆发式增长，且节点企业之间产供关系相互交织，形成了规模庞大的非线性、多层级复杂系统。”中国工程院院士、湖南工商大学党委书记陈晓红指出，我国产业链供应链整体优势明显，但深层次节点关系难以掌握，而且高价值的优势链主企业较少，所以从宏观视角把控产业链供应链安全、实现完全自主可控具有较大难度。
为此，陈晓红从四个方面提出建议。一是突破标志性产业链，培优塑强“链主”。围绕“链主”贯通上下游产业链条的关键环节，充分发挥头雁作用，稳链强链、优化布局，加强产业统筹协调，推动产业基础高级化、产业链现代化，引领关联企业高质量发展。二是补齐短板和弱项，确保不“掉链子”。从产业领域数据库、行业知识库等海量数据源中提取有效信息，智能化精准绘制产业链画像。梳理重点产业链，找准薄弱环节，科学支撑产业链短板诊断，协助中小企业把握产业动态、趋势。三是打通数据孤岛，实现供应链“全链”知识关联。通过构建领域知识图谱，帮助企业系统、结构化地管理数据知识，实现生产效率提升。四是提高产供分析与预警能力。结合产业政策、产业要素、供应商信息、国内外环境等多维度关联数据，应用人工智能算法模型，提供产供风险分析与预警，帮助提前识别突发事件，实现智能化风险控制，有效提升产业链供应链的自主性和韧性。
中国企业联合会、中国企业家协会党委书记、常务副会长朱宏任提出应处理好“五对关系”。第一，处理好全链布局和单环突破的关系。第二，处理好需求牵引和供给支撑的关系。第三，处理好突发应对和正常运行的关系。第四，处理好产业生态和节点企业的关系。第五，处理好制造发展和服务保障的关系。
中国工程院院士、北京航空航天大学教授刘大响建议做好“六个强化”。一是防止“脱节断链”问题，强化系统集成；二是破解“孤岛效应”难题，强化协同创新；三是紧盯“短板”和“痛点”，强化战略导向；四是推进数字化转型，强化“上云用数赋智”；五是注重“政产学研用金”相结合，强化产业生态打造；六是坚持市场与政府协同发力，强化“双轮驱动”。
中国工程院院士谭建荣也强调了要发挥“链主”的关键作用。“制造业的‘链主’是在市场竞争中自然形成的，行业‘领头羊’的产值、创新能力、研发能力、市场认可度最为关键，所以链主的创新才能带动全产业链的创新。”谭建荣说，“比如主机厂可以推出一代又一代的新产品，配件厂就要根据主机厂创新的产品不断地更换新产品，不断迭代工艺。”
“建议聚焦重点行业，从供需两侧协同发力，进一步发挥我国完备的产业体系、超大市场规模形成的发展优势，推动重点行业生产平稳增长、结构优化升级。”中国信息协会常务理事、国研新经济研究院创始院长朱克力表示。
三、热点解析之提升产业科技创新能力
工作会议强调，要提升产业科技创新能力。大力推进科技创新和产业创新深度融合，深入实施科技创新重大项目，持续优化创新平台网络，加快培育创新型企业，打造“火炬”品牌升级版。推进园区提质增效，启动创建国家新型工业化示范区。
2023年以来，我国产业科技创新硕果累累，取得多项重要进展。大国重器惊艳全球，新能源汽车、锂电池、光伏产品“新三样”扬帆出海，彰显中国制造的高端化、智能化、绿色化新优势。我国5G标准必要专利声明量全球占比达42%、人工智能大模型累计数量全球占比超过60%，技术创新如火如荼。
“一系列产业代表性科技创新成果的取得，是国家顶层推动与企业在微观层面进行自主创新的‘双向奔赴’，离不开对底层技术创新的追求、对国际先进经验的对标和学习、对国内产业形势的研判及对高质量发展的重视。”中国人民大学财政金融学院教授、中国银行业研究中心副主任罗煜向《中国电子报》记者表示。
提升产业科技创新能力的基础，是科技创新与产业创新的有效衔接和有机融合。中国电子信息产业发展研究院科技与标准研究所研究总监曹方表示，推进产业科技创新，必须深刻认识建设现代化产业体系的范畴，深刻理解“科技是第一生产力”和“创新是第一动力”的内涵，开辟发展新领域新赛道，不断塑造发展新动能新优势。
“产业科技创新能力的提升，要基于政策工具箱建立健全产业科技成果转化体系，创新产业科技创新人才引培模式，持续优化产业科技开放合作机制，提高全要素生产率，推动现代化产业体系高质量发展。”曹方说。
企业是产业科技创新的主体。提升产业科技创新能力，要加快培育创新型企业，建立让企业愿意创新、敢于创新的激励机制。罗煜向记者指出，技术创新往往伴随着较高的投入、较长的回报周期和一定的风险。因此，要构建和提升企业自主创新的内生动力，就要让企业承担的创新风险通过合理的激励机制得到补偿，使企业对创新带来的市场回报具备积极预期。他建议，发挥科技金融在激发企业创新活力中的重要作用，为企业的技术创新保驾护航。
“科技型企业特别是初创型科技型企业的特征和发展逻辑，注定了传统的金融方式难以对其产生有效支持。一旦缺乏有效的金融支持，企业在创业初期就会缺乏资源，也就缺乏面向长远发展的创新动力。而科技金融能够发挥‘一着棋活，全盘皆活’的作用，以融资结构的改善支持科技型企业走上良性发展的道路。”罗煜说。
在激活企业创新动力的同时，也要多方联动形成合力，持续优化创新平台网络和集群、园区建设。世界知识产权组织（WIPO）发布的《2023年全球创新指数报告》显示，我国上榜科技集群数量呈持续上升趋势，2023年首次位居全球第一，成为上榜全球科技集群数量最多的国家。
中国宏观经济研究院产业经济与技术经济研究所高技术室主任张于喆向《中国电子报》记者表示，要注重产业创新要素和市场主体的集聚，构建基于行业特征的差异化融合集群发展体系，推动产业分工深化、企业上下游联系增加、产品附加值提高，构建一个以我为主、富有弹性、包容性、持续性的融合化、集群化、生态化的高质量发展产业生态系统，切实提高产业融合集群发展的资源使用效率和全要素生产率，实现全国范围内的区域协调发展。
在串珠成链、聚链成群的基础上，产业科技创新能力的建设还要基于系统性思维，做到系统思考、全局统筹、主动作为。张于喆表示，提升产业科技创新能力，要统筹好当前和长远的问题，也要有“点、链、线”协同发力的通盘考量。
“在广泛征求产业界意见的基础上，设定中长期技术发展和应用目标，厘清各方关切的问题，按照‘共性先立、急用先行’的原则，实施产业基础再造工程和重大技术装备攻关工程，重点突破制约产业高质量发展的瓶颈问题。在点上突破的基础上‘串珠成链、成组连线’，为产业转型发展创造条件。”张于喆说。
四、热点解析之加快改造提升传统产业
工作会议提出，加快改造提升传统产业。实施制造业技术改造升级工程，支持企业设备更新，加快钢铁、有色、轻工等重点行业改造升级。推动制造业“智改数转网联”，深化智能制造试点示范，推进开源体系建设。继续办好产业转移发展对接活动。
传统产业是国民经济的基本盘、筑牢产业体系的“压舱石”，通过转型升级，传统产业“老树”正在绽放新芽。工信部数据显示，近年来，我国技术改造投资占工业投资比重持续稳定在40%以上。目前，工业互联网已融入45个国民经济大类，连接设备近9000万台（套）；5G在工业、矿业、电力、港口等传统产业应用广泛复制，累计建设近万家数字化车间和智能工厂；高档数控机床、机器人、智能家电、工业大模型、绿色工厂等新场景、新方案、新模式不断涌现，产业提质增效成果显著。
传统产业转型升级的根本动力是科技创新。国务院发展研究中心研究员江宇说，目前部分传统产业存在多、小、散、乱的问题，企业之间“内卷”严重，成本竞争激烈，这反过来导致企业投入科技创新的精力和资源不足。要解决产业碎片化的问题，对产业进行整合，提升产业集中度；同时在政府和行业协会的带动下，在产业内部进行纵向和横向联合，针对一些产业共性技术开展协同创新和攻关。
要持续实施“高端化、智能化、绿色化”的制造业升级工程。重庆市政协副主席丁时勇认为，在当前新产业革命背景下，市场需求将更加个性化与多样化，传统产业转型升级的主要路径是从低附加值向高附加值升级，从高能耗高污染向低能耗低污染升级，从粗放型向集约型升级。
中国工程院院士李培根指出，基于5G、AI、工业互联网等新一代信息技术实现和建设的数字化设计、数字化工艺和装备、数字化车间等，是大多数传统产业所需要的。同时还要关注供应链的智慧化，目前已经有不少传统制造企业意识到要打造一个好的供应链生态，实现供应链可视化、可感知、可调节，这也是未来传统产业数字化转型的重要方向之一。
“数字化智能化转型试错成本较高，部分企业转型升级的成本和收益短期难以平衡，导致企业‘不敢转、不愿转、不会转’。”深圳市工商联副主席、深圳金雅福控股集团有限公司董事长黄仕坤指出，要创新“数改智转”示范推广机制，树立一批易复制易推广的“数智领航”和“灯塔”企业，探索形成新模式、新路径、新业态示范领航，通过“试成一批”，进而“带起一片”。
提升传统产业还要引导产业合理有序梯度转移，优化生产力布局。中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所研究员张文忠表示，在区域协调发展战略下，促进东北和中西部地区提升产业承接能力，积极吸纳来自东部地区的优势产业转移，并向规模化发展，有助于最大限度地发挥各地的资源禀赋和优势，以此实现产业结构调整升级，促进相互之间产业相关人才、资源等要素高效流动。
“要充分考虑生产力、能源、资源的综合平衡，把治理生态环境与促进产业转型发展结合起来。推进京津冀、长江经济带、粤港澳大湾区、黄河流域等重点区域产业有序转移和承接，打造一批低碳转型效果明显的先进制造业集群，构建有利于碳减排的产业布局。”中国电子信息产业发展研究院节能与环保研究所所长赵卫东说。
五、热点解析之巩固提升优势产业领先地位
工作会议强调，巩固提升优势产业领先地位。加快强链补链延链，提升全产业竞争力。支持新能源汽车换电模式发展，抓好公共领域车辆全面电动化先行区试点。加强光伏行业规范引导和质量监管。促进稀土在航空航天、电子信息、新能源等领域高端应用。
自2023年以来，在我国工业和信息化发展过程中，出现了一抹“亮色”。以新能源汽车、太阳能电池、汽车用锂离子动力电池等为代表的“新三样”异军突起，显示出澎湃的发展动力。
数据显示，1—11月，规模以上高技术制造业增加值同比增长2.3%、装备制造业增加值同比增长6.4%。11月份，新能源汽车、太阳能电池、汽车用锂离子动力电池等“新三样”相关产品产量同比分别增长35.6%、44.5%和38.7%。1—11月，新能源汽车产销分别完成842.6万辆和830.4万辆，同比分别增长34.5%和36.7%，新能源汽车新车销量达到汽车新车总销量的30.8%。1—10月全国锂电池总产量超过765GWh，同比增长31%。1—10月全国晶硅电池产量超过403GW，光伏硅片、电池、组件产品出口总额达到429.9亿美元。
高技术、高附加值、引领绿色转型是“新三样”的显著特点。巩固提升优势产业，我们要创新驱动，进一步提升关键核心技术的竞争力。中国科学院院士钱德沛建议，我们应继续强化顶层设计与规划引导。加快突破一批核心技术和标志性重大战略产品。推动创新链和产业链深度融合，构建以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研用深度融合的技术创新体系。促进科技成果高效转移转化，鼓励企业家与科学家深度合作，加快科技成果工程化产业化进程。
中国工程院院士陈学东建议，统筹国家创新资源，围绕制造业产业链、布局创新链，融合资金链、人才链，优化国家级研发平台建设和布局。切实形成产学研用深度融合的创新体系，发挥高校在科技创新体系中的作用，开展以技术需求为导向的基础研究和应用基础研究；鼓励龙头企业成为产业链链长，联合上中下游大中小企业融通创新，组建重大装备创新联合体。宁德时代监事会主席吴映明表示，宁德时代将坚持以科技创新引领、以极限制造引领，不断推动新能源产业创新升级。
数字化、智能化、绿色化是新型工业化的鲜明特征、制造业转型升级的重要方向。巩固提升优势产业，我们要以智能制造为主攻方向，加快产业数字化转型，提升产业竞争力。中国工程院院士李伯虎表示，智能制造是新一代信息通信技术、人工智能技术与先进制造技术的深度融合，贯穿于设计、生产、管理、服务等制造活动的各个环节，具有自感知、自学习、自决策、自执行、自适应等功能的数字化、网络化、智能化的新型生产模式、技术、生态。智能制造能够提高生产效率、提升产品质量、降低生产成本。有助于企业实现规模化生产，提高其在市场竞争中的优势。
中国光伏行业协会理事长、阳光电源董事长曹仁贤也认为，要推动行业绿色化、智能化发展以巩固和提升全球竞争优势。
巩固提升优势产业，我们要深化国际交流合作，提升在国际市场上的话语权。天合光能股份有限公司董事长高纪凡认为，行业协会应积极组织进行国际标准制定，包括光伏产品、储能产品、新型电力系统等标准制定，形成中国主导的全球光伏行业标准体系，促进形成中国企业引领全球的光伏新生态，从而提升在国际市场上的话语权。曹仁贤表示，我们要重视国际化发展。随着全球化的不断深入，企业要加强国际合作，拓展海外市场。
六、热点解析之加快培育新兴产业 前瞻布局未来产业
工作会议强调，要加快培育新兴产业。启动智能网联汽车准入和上路通行试点，推进北斗规模应用和卫星互联网发展。壮大新能源、新材料、高端装备、生物医药及高端医疗装备、安全应急装备等新兴产业，打造生物制造、商业航天、低空经济等新的增长点。出台未来产业发展行动计划，瞄准人形机器人、量子信息等产业，着力突破关键技术、培育重点产品、拓展场景应用。
从战略性新兴产业到未来产业的发展，体现了全球科技前沿的发展趋势，更是打造我国产业升级新引擎、构建新发展格局的新需要。自2023年以来，我国加快培育新兴产业，前瞻布局未来产业，取得了明显成效。我国已经建成了全球规模最大、技术领先的5G网络。截至目前，我国算力总规模达到每秒1.97万亿亿次浮点运算，位居全球第二，算力规模近五年年均增速近30%。北斗系统正式加入国际民航组织（ICAO）标准，成为全球民航通用的卫星导航系统。开展6G网络架构及系统设计研究，累计发布30余本研究报告，有序开展技术试验。
我国人工智能产业发展取得显著成果。最新数据显示，我国人工智能核心产业规模达到5000亿元，企业数量超4300家，智能芯片、开发框架、通用大模型等创新成果不断涌现，超算、智算、云算协同发力。
下一步，新型工业化的稳步推进与深化发展，一是要紧紧把握前沿科技演进方向，加强研判做好谋篇布局。中国社会科学院工业经济研究所所长史丹表示：“当前，新一轮科技革命和产业变革方兴未艾，通用人工智能、生命科学、新能源等前沿技术正在深刻改变着工业生产函数，引领产业发展的新方向、开辟产业发展的新赛道。只有紧紧跟踪并把握科技前沿变化，才能把创新主动权、发展主动权牢牢掌握在自己手中。”
赛迪顾问人工智能产业研究中心分析师邹德宝建议，应夯实自然语言处理、智能语音、机器视觉、生物特征识别和人机交互等关键领域技术基础，推动人工智能与新型工业化进一步融合创新，提高人工智能技术通用化水平，降低新型工业化生产准入门槛，加快推进人工智能先进技术对新型工业化的赋能应用。
二是要立足创新链产业链双向融合，打造多元化产业发展生态。中国工程院院士刘大响表示，推动制造业“双链”融合发展，不仅需要明确融合发展的目标和意义，把握趋势变化，更需要紧扣高质量发展主题，坚持问题导向、目标导向，找准“双链”深度融合的关节点、联结点和发力点，要在关键处落子布局。
国家信息中心信息化和产业发展部研究员胡拥军表示，要高质量推进未来产业发展的孵化培育，一方面，应该鼓励现有行业头部企业布局未来产业前沿领域；另一方面，也要鼓励企业在未来产业领域大胆创新大胆创业。此外，还应根据未来产业不同阶段的差异化发展需求，采用“政府引导+科技园牵头+领军企业+社会资本”模式，围绕概念验证、中试熟化、产业加速等环节，建设服务未来产业科技成果转化全链条的多层次创新平台和载体，打造多元化产业发展生态。
三是要培养科技创新人才，为新型工业化打牢人才基础。随着科技的不断进步和发展，新型工业化聚焦5G、人工智能、生物制造、工业互联网、智能网联汽车、绿色低碳等，未来人形机器人、元宇宙、量子科技等前沿领域，将成为产业急需。中国工程院院士李言荣表示，着眼未来，需加强高等教育资源的投入，提升高校的教学质量和科研水平，进一步优化专业布局结构，提升与产业发展需求的契合度，增设智能制造工程、新能源材料与器件、人工智能、区块链工程等新型工业化专业，培养更多具有科技创新能力和实践能力的人才。
中国科学院院士马於光表示，加强加快核心及原创性技术攻关，要从最基础的教育开始，培养全社会注重科学、注重知识产权保护意识，鼓励科研机构和企业等主体发展自己的特色和特长。
七、热点解析之推动信息通信业高质量发展
工作会议指出，推动信息通信业高质量发展。统筹“建、用、研”各项工作，推进5G、千兆光网规模部署，加快布局智能算力设施，加强6G预研。创新信息通信市场监管，纵深推进行风建设和纠风工作，完善应急通信预案和指挥体系。推动5G规模化应用，出台工业互联网高质量发展指导意见。开展关键信息基础设施防护提升专项行动，提升行业数据安全管理水平。
自2023年以来，我国持续发挥和巩固信息通信业优势，支撑经济社会高质量发展。千兆光纤宽带网络建设稳步推进，截至11月末，全国互联网宽带接入端口数量达11.33亿个，比上年末净增6194万个。5G网络建设加快推进，截至11月末，5G基站总数达328.2万个，占移动基站总数的28.5%。2023年前三个季度，网络服务能力持续升级，移动网络IPv6流量占比达58.4%。
下一步，推动信息通信业高质量发展，一是统筹“建、用、研”各项工作，推进5G、千兆光网规模部署，加快布局智能算力设施，加强6G预研。中国工程院院士邬贺铨指出，数字经济驱动了新型数字基础设施建设，加快了新一代信息通信技术创新，推动了通信网络技术向大宽带、大连接、大平台、大模型发展，这要从网络云化、SDN、NFV+IPv6，再到云网协同，IPv6+赋能SD-WAN，再到算网融合，其间需要更多技术上的创新与突破。
未来，要加速构建高速、移动、安全、泛在的网络基础设施，中国移动通信集团有限公司党组书记、董事长杨杰表示，需要持续全力建设技术先进、品质优良、安全可靠的5G网络，高标准建设光纤宽带网络。要推动5G与人工智能、卫星通信等技术深度融合，加快向网络智能化、天地一体化、通感一体化演进。加快6G基础理论、关键技术及产业发展路径研究，着力突破下一代网络架构、智慧内生等基础理论和关键技术。
二是推动5G规模化应用，出台工业互联网高质量发展指导意见。自2023年以来，我国“5G+工业互联网”基础设施建设形成“以建促用、以用带建”的良好局面，融合应用由普及迈向纵深，赋能实体经济数字化、网络化、智能化转型升级。今年前三个季度，5G应用已融入67个国民经济大类，移动物联网终端累计达22.2亿户，全国“5G+工业互联网”项目超过7000个。
中国工程院院士周济表示，要深入实施“5G+工业互联网”发展工程，建设网络平台安全、标识、数据、体系等基础底座，优化基础设施布局、结构、功能和系统集成。构建现代化的信息集成设施体系，推进“5G+工业互联网”在重点产业链广泛普及，深度融合。
中国工程院院士桂卫华表示，工业互联网发展要以问题牵引为主，聚焦企业生产经营中的实际问题，避免供需“两张皮”的情况，让企业在应用“5G+工业互联网”后获得效益，能够实现效益的关键则在于技术融合，即实现智能化与工业的深度融合。“目前‘5G+工业互联网’在落地过程中，在系统、工业软件、网络通信的技术融合方面还有很多事情要做，例如通过人工智能技术赋能工业互联网及相关软件，使其在工业中发挥更大作用。”桂卫华表示。
三是开展关键信息基础设施防护提升专项行动，提升行业数据安全管理水平。中国工程院院士邬江兴指出，我们需要平衡网络安全风险与责任，谁生产谁负责，从数字产业的技术源头抓起，要让消费者信任他们每天使用的数据产品具备安全性和完整性。这要从根本上改变数据生态底层驱动模式，建立一种可防御且富有弹性韧性的数字生态系统，这样才能更容易形成内在的防御能力。除此之外，还要让开发者从数字整体安全和产品全生命周期来考虑网络安全问题，从每一个环节上对网络安全负责。
“数字化转型倒逼网络安全转型，从网络安全到数据安全，让数据安全和网络安全融入到产品和技术中，不能让工程组出两个系统，用其中一个保护另一个，而是构建单一的系统融入到网络安全中去。”邬江兴表示，这可能会暂时增加产品开发的成本，但是从长远来看不仅能保障客户的网络信息安全，还能降低制造商的维护和修补成本，尤其是医疗、航空、无人驾驶等对网络安全问题持“零容忍”态度的行业。
八、热点解析之推动工业绿色低碳发展
工作会议强调，推动工业绿色低碳发展。稳妥推进工业领域碳减排，严控钢铁、水泥、平板玻璃新增产能，开展工业数字化碳管理试点，深入实施工业能效、水效提升行动，积极探索新兴固废综合利用市场化途径，大力发展绿色低碳产业，全面推广绿色制造。
绿色低碳已成为推进新型工业化的生态底色。自2023年以来，我国工业和信息化系统积极推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长，推动产业结构不断优化升级，能源资源利用效率进一步提升。截至目前，我国已累计建设国家级绿色工厂5100家，绿色工业园区平均固废处置利用率超过95%。
公众环境研究中心（IPE）绿色供应链高级项目官员黎萌在接受《中国电子报》记者采访时表示，推进绿色制造是所有工业企业实现“双碳”目标的重要路径和重要抓手。其中，建设绿色低碳工厂有助于开展绿色制造技术创新及集成应用；构建绿色低碳供应链，将绿色低碳理念贯穿于产品设计、原料采购、生产、运输、储存、使用、回收处理的全过程，有利于推动供应链全链条绿色低碳发展。
中国电子信息产业发展研究院节能与环保研究所节能与绿色能源研究室主任赵越告诉记者，推进绿色制造是制造业企业实现全生命周期“降碳”的重要抓手，通过开展绿色制造最大化降低企业自身碳排放，是进一步实现碳中和的基础。
下一步，全面构建绿色制造体系还需要从推进制造流程数字化、能源消费低碳化、产品供给绿色化三个方面发力，不断提升行业绿色竞争力。
在推进制造流程数字化方面，中国电子信息产业发展研究院节能与环保研究所所长赵卫东表示，面向“双碳”目标，需要以数字化赋能工业碳排放管理。将数字化技术应用到工业碳排放监测、运行、管理的各个环节，包括碳数据的自动采集、存储、处理、应用、安全等，通过碳排放大数据治理挖掘减碳潜力，促进碳管理效率和质量提升。
国家信息中心预测部产业室主任魏琪嘉认为，要推动大数据、5G、工业互联网等新兴技术与绿色低碳产业深度融合，加快推进人工智能、物联网、云计算、数字孪生、区块链等技术在绿色制造领域的应用。
在推进能源消费低碳化方面，中国工程院院士陈学东建议，统筹能源的供给与使用，建立低碳高效安全的多元能源体系，持续推进绿色制造，逐步提升能源有效利用率，实现制造领域能源使用的减污降碳。
在推进产品供给绿色化方面，中国家用电器协会执行理事长姜风表示，家电业是与民生息息相关的行业，要通过不断创新，扩大绿色低碳产品有效供给，倡导绿色低碳消费理念，助力绿色低碳生活方式。与此同时，通过科技和管理创新，完善绿色制造体系，实现全流程节能减排降碳。
中国质量认证中心副主任徐少山认为，建立产品碳足迹认证制度有助于规范碳标识管理流程、促进绿色低碳消费，将对提升重点产品能效碳效、提高全社会节能降碳意识发挥重要作用。
九、热点解析之多渠道支持专精特新企业创新发展
工作会议指出，促进中小企业高质量发展。实施一批普惠性帮扶政策，多渠道支持专精特新企业创新发展，深入开展中小企业数字化转型城市试点和“三赋”专项行动。加快建设全国中小企业服务“一张网”。深入实施促进大中小企业融通发展等系列活动。
中小企业专精特新发展步伐加快。累计培育“小巨人”企业1.2万家、专精特新中小企业10.3万家，遴选中小企业特色产业集群100个。启动首批30个城市中小企业数字化转型试点，开展系列中小企业服务活动，累计服务中小企业950余万家。其中，累计培育“小巨人”企业数量已超过“到2025年培育1万家专精特新‘小巨人’企业”的目标。今年上半年，我国新上市的专精特新中小企业共计102家，占A股新上市企业的59%。
下一步，促进中小企业高质量发展，一是要加快建设全国统一大市场。中国人民大学国家中小企业研究院副院长、经济学院教授孙文凯在接受《中国电子报》记者采访时表示，国家对于中小微企业，尤其是专精特新中小企业的资本扶持力度已卓有成效，要继续推动中小微企业高质量发展，还要在如下几个方面下功夫：对于已获评的专精特新中小企业而言，要着重在现有的基础上做“增量”，基于现有的政策优势，尽快在强链补链上做出成绩，同时善于利用“一企一策”等政策利好化解发展难题；普通中小微企业面临着竞争激烈的市场环境，企业要想在市场竞争中胜出，就要主动向业内专精特新企业靠拢，专注于在技术和产品上投入，摆脱低水平竞争的恶性循环。
“完善全国统一大市场是关键，要激励高技术人才要素灵活地在体制内外、城乡间流动；企业要避免拜金主义、短期主义、拿来主义、功利主义，坚持拜技主义、长期主义、工匠精神，要履行好社会责任。”孙文凯表示。
二是要创新引领。创新是企业发展的灵魂，中国社会科学院中国产业与企业竞争力研究中心副主任、工业经济研究所研究员陈晓东表示，应把“创新”作为培育专精特新“小巨人”发展的关键词。他认为，一方面要进一步弘扬以敢于创新为核心的企业家精神，另一方面要加快形成促进创新的文化氛围和制度环境。他认为，建立宽容失败的创新文化氛围，才能更好地增强全社会的创新意识和创新精神。“破四唯”和“立新标”要并举，要加快建立有利于创新的评价体制机制；“稳队伍”和“激活力”要加快，要真心建立宽容失败、鼓励探索的创新文化氛围。
瑞莱智慧合伙人、高级副总裁朱萌在接受《中国电子报》记者采访时表示，企业要实现高质量发展，打铁还需自身硬，发展的核心是企业自身扎实的“基本功”。“任何护城河都只是暂时的，锚定正确的发展方向，加大创新力度，持续增强企业的核心竞争力，才是王道。”朱萌表示，“我们会继续依靠自主研发和原创技术驱动，稳扎稳打做好手中的每一个产品、每一个解决方案，同时增强企业的韧性和弹性。”
三是要促进大中小企业融通发展，帮助中小企业融入大企业供应链，推动上下游资源共享、协同攻关。大中小企业融通发展是释放大企业创新活力、激发中小企业创新潜力的有效渠道。用友网络科技股份有限公司副总裁郑瀛从四个层面给出了建议：首先，在政策支持方面，建议政府加强引导，确保专精特新中小企业能够充分受益于相关政策；其次，在金融服务方面，建议建立更加灵活多样的金融服务模式，降低融资门槛，为中小企业提供更便捷的融资途径；再次，在技术创新方面，鼓励企业加大研发投入，促进产学研合作，多措并举推动企业技术研发与数智化创新；最后，在海外市场方面，可以加强对中小企业出海的政策辅导，促进国内企业与国际市场的对接，提升优秀的专精特新中小企业在全球产业链中的地位。
翻译：
Analysis of hot topics in key areas of industry and information technology in 2024
On December 21, the National Industry and Information Technology Work Conference (hereinafter referred to as the “Work Conference”) was held in Beijing. Jin Zhuanglong, secretary of the Party Group and Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, made an important speech summarizing the work in 2023 and deploying key tasks in 2024. Combined with the key work tasks in 2024, China Electronics News reporters interviewed representatives of various industries and fields in various localities to interpret the relevant hot spots in the field of industry and information technology, and offer suggestions for industrial development.
Focus on promoting the steady growth of the industrial economy
The work conference pointed out that all efforts should be made to promote the steady growth of the industrial economy. We will ensure that the policies to stabilize growth are effective, deeply implement the work plan for the steady growth of the ten major industries, support large industrial provinces to continue to “take the lead”, and do a good job in economic publicity, policy interpretation and public opinion guidance. We will deepen the “three products” action for raw materials and consumer goods, and boost the consumption of large-scale goods such as new-energy vehicles and electronic products. We will deepen cooperation in industry and finance, and provide services for key foreign-funded projects in the manufacturing industry.
Since 2023, in response to the complex and changing external environment and risk challenges, China’s industry has generally continued to recover steadily. The resilience and potential of the real economy have provided strong support for stabilizing the macroeconomic fundamentals. China’s industrial system is comprehensive, diversified, large scale, strong industrial resilience, and the potential for upgrading and development is still huge.
Data show that in November 2023, China’s industrial added value above designated size increased by 6.6% year-on-year. From January to November, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 4.3% year-on-year. In November, the added value of 28 out of 41 major industries maintained year-on-year growth. Manufacturing of computers, communications and other electronic equipment grew 10.6 percent. The share of manufacturing value added in GDP remained basically stable, and the recovery of corporate performance accelerated. It is expected that in the whole year, industrial added value will grow by more than 4.3% year-on-year, and the proportion of manufacturing added value in GDP will be basically stable, and the overall scale will remain the first in the world for 14 consecutive years.
China’s industrial economy is in the period of capital consolidation after the epidemic, and there are some twists and turns in the process of production recovery, but the trend of continuous recovery of industrial economy has not changed. In the next step, we must earnestly implement the work plans for stabilizing growth, implement the series of policies and measures for stabilizing growth that have been issued, strengthen the precise docking and coordinated efforts of industrial policies with fiscal, taxation, finance, trade, and investment policies, promote the effective improvement of the industrial economy in quality and reasonable growth in quantity, and consolidate and strengthen the momentum of the recovery of the industrial economy.
Industrial stabilization and recovery, key industries to pull the role is very large. Ten key industries such as electronic information manufacturing and light industry have large scale, strong driving force and high correlation, and stabilizing these key industries basically stabilizes the industrial economy. Luo Zhiheng, chief economist of Yuekai Securities, believes that in 2024, the policy will further support key industries to enhance their global influence and promote the transformation of traditional industries, which will also bring technological transformation investment, which is conducive to stabilizing the basic economic disk.
It is particularly important to grasp the steady growth of the ten key industries and increase the effectiveness of policy measures. On the one hand, we will work hard to restore and expand demand in key areas, promote the joint efforts of investment, consumption and export, and consolidate the foundation for stable industrial growth. On the other hand, we should strive to build a high-quality supply system, stabilize the industry, educate enterprises, build standards, and stimulate the internal power of industrial growth.
The big industrial provinces should really take up the big role and make greater contributions to the stability of the national economy. Large industrial provinces are rich in innovation resources, and it is easier to make new achievements. These provinces should further give play to the advantages of abundant scientific and technological resources, strong technological innovation capacity, and a large number of innovative talents, and take the lead in the country in the diversification of innovation input subjects, the modernization of management systems, the marketization of operating mechanisms, and the flexible activation of employment mechanisms.
Wei Qijia, director of the Industry Department of the National Information Center Forecast Department, believes that in the specific industrial layout of various places, it is necessary to follow the principle of adapting to local conditions to avoid convergence and waste of resources. Because when the concentration of industrial resources exceeds the reasonable limit, the scale economy may decline, and all localities should take the path of characteristic and differentiated development according to the special structure of their own industries and the stage of economic development. Wang Peng, a researcher at the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, said that whether it is to undertake industrial transfer in the central and western regions, or to make new breakthroughs in the revitalization of the manufacturing industry in the northeast, balanced development between regions can be achieved, so that the imbalance between the original regions can be optimized to a certain extent.
We should strive to expand domestic demand and strengthen the basic role of consumption in economic development. We will foster new types of consumption and vigorously develop digital consumption and green consumption. High-quality supply should lead the creation of new demand, but also strive to stabilize new energy vehicles and other bulk consumption, continue to carry out smart home appliances, green building materials to the countryside activities, and promote the formation of new growth points.
As a mass consumption, the role of new energy vehicles in stabilizing and expanding traditional consumption should be further consolidated and enhanced. In the view of Ji Weimin, deputy director of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, China’s new energy vehicle market is becoming the main force and pioneer leading the recovery and upgrading of consumption. The domestic automobile industry accelerated from the fuel vehicle era to the new energy era, which not only greatly activated the innovation of the entire automobile industry chain and supply chain, but also became a catalyst for the transformation and upgrading of the traditional manufacturing industry.
To strengthen the real economy and stabilize industrial operation, we need to accelerate the cultivation of new drivers and advantages. At present, cloud computing, industrial Internet, artificial intelligence and other countries have become the focus of the development of emerging industries, China should also grasp the key directions, promote the development of artificial intelligence, intelligent connected vehicles, new materials and other emerging industries, cultivate a number of new growth engines, and create new competitive advantages.
Pan Helin, co-director of the Digital Economy and Financial Innovation Research Center of the International Business School of Zhejiang University, believes that the emerging fields should forge advantageous industries and form a more complete industrial ecology. It is necessary to develop upstream and downstream supporting industries around the main chain enterprises, and consolidate industrial advantages with a complete supply chain. He suggested that in areas where the technological future is uncertain, the government should take the lead and “cast a wide net” to promote basic research. In areas where the technology path is relatively clear, companies closer to the market and consumers should lead.
Second, the analysis of hot spots to promote the high-quality development of key industrial chains
The work meeting emphasized the full implementation of high-quality development actions for key industrial chains in the manufacturing industry. We will promote key core technology research projects, industrial infrastructure reengineering projects, and major technology and equipment research projects in a coordinated manner, strengthen application traction, accelerate technological breakthroughs and the application of achievements, and achieve the goal of “turning points into beads and beads into chains.”
Since 2023, the high-quality development of China’s key manufacturing industry chain has taken solid steps. New breakthroughs were made in innovation in key areas such as industrial motherplanes and key software. The C919 passenger jet was put into commercial operation. The Aida Modu, China’s first large cruise ship, was officially named and delivered. The domestic ECMO completed registration and forensics, the intelligent 6-line cotton picker achieved mass production, and Shenzhou 16 and 17 successfully launched.
From January to November, investment in high-tech industries grew by 10.5 percent year-on-year, with investment in high-tech manufacturing and service industries up by 10.5 percent and 10.6 percent respectively. The cultivation of new products, new industries and new forms of business was accelerated, new energy vehicles, photovoltaic products, aerospace and spacecraft equipment achieved rapid growth, and the three major indicators of shipbuilding continued to lead the world. The process of digital transformation has accelerated, the scale and level of smart factory construction has been effectively improved, and nearly 10,000 digital workshops and smart factories have been built. New scenarios, new schemes, and new models of intelligent manufacturing have been accelerated, and remarkable results have been achieved in improving industrial quality and efficiency.
As one of the key industrial chains of the manufacturing industry, the high-quality development of the electronic information manufacturing industry plays an important role in supporting the recovery and development of the industrial economy. Since the beginning of this year, through a series of specific measures such as reinforcing the short board, forging the long board, and strengthening the foundation, the development of China’s electronic information manufacturing industry has maintained good resilience, and the industrial operation has stabilized and rebounded. From January to October, the added value of the electronic information manufacturing industry above designated size increased by 1.7% year-on-year. From January to October, the output of mobile phones was 1.25 billion units, up 1.6% year-on-year; The output of integrated circuits was 276.5 billion pieces, up 0.9% year-on-year. From January to October, industrial fixed asset investment grew by 9.6% year-on-year, 0.7 percentage points higher than the growth rate of industrial investment in the same period.
By strengthening application traction, accelerating technological breakthroughs and application of achievements, and realizing “turning points into beads and beads into chains”, it is the top priority for the high-quality development of key industrial chains. “At present, China has the world’s largest industrial system, the number of nodes in the industrial chain supply chain network has exploded with the deepening of global division of labor and cooperation, and the production-supply relationship between node enterprises is intertwined, forming a large-scale non-linear, multi-level complex system.” Chen Xiaohong, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and secretary of the Party Committee of Hunan Technology and Business University, pointed out that the overall advantages of China’s industrial chain supply chain are obvious, but the deep-seated node relationship is difficult to master, and there are fewer high-value dominant chain enterprises, so it is difficult to control the security of the industrial chain supply chain and achieve complete autonomy and control from a macro perspective.
To this end, Chen Xiaohong put forward suggestions from four aspects. First, break through the iconic industrial chain, and cultivate the “chain master”. Focusing on the key links of the upstream and downstream industrial chains through the “chain master”, we will give full play to the role of the leading goose, stabilize the chain and strengthen the chain, optimize the layout, strengthen the overall planning and coordination of the industry, promote the advanced industrial foundation and the modernization of the industrial chain, and lead the high-quality development of related enterprises. The second is to make up for short boards and weak items to ensure that they do not “drop the chain”. Extract effective information from massive data sources such as industry databases and industry knowledge bases to intelligently and accurately draw industrial chain portraits. Sort out the key industrial chain, identify the weak links, scientifically support the diagnosis of the short board of the industrial chain, and assist small and medium-sized enterprises to grasp the industry dynamics and trends. The third is to open up data islands and realize the “full chain” knowledge correlation of the supply chain. By constructing domain knowledge graph, it helps enterprises manage data knowledge systematically and structurally to improve production efficiency. Fourth, improve the capacity of production and supply analysis and early warning. Combined with multi-dimensional related data such as industrial policy, industrial factors, supplier information, domestic and foreign environment, artificial intelligence algorithm model is applied to provide risk analysis and early warning of production and supply, help identify emergencies in advance, realize intelligent risk control, and effectively improve the autonomy and resilience of the industrial chain and supply chain.
Zhu Hongren, secretary of the Party Committee and executive vice president of China Enterprise Confederation and China Entrepreneur Association, proposed that the “five pairs relationship” should be handled well. First, deal with the relationship between the whole chain layout and the single loop breakthrough. Second, we need to strike a balance between demand and supply. Third, we should properly handle the relationship between emergency response and normal operation. Fourth, handle the relationship between industrial ecology and nodal enterprises. Fifth, we need to strike a balance between manufacturing development and service guarantee.
Liu Daxiang, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a professor at Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, suggested doing a good job of “six strengthening”. First, to prevent the “disconnection and break the chain” problem, strengthen the system integration; Second, solve the problem of “island effect” and strengthen collaborative innovation; Third, focus on the “short board” and “pain point”, strengthen the strategic orientation; The fourth is to promote digital transformation, and strengthen the “cloud with data wisdom”; Fifth, pay attention to the combination of “government, industry, university and research” and strengthen the construction of industrial ecology; Sixth, adhere to the coordinated efforts of the market and the government, and strengthen the “two-wheel drive”.
Tan Jianrong, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, also stressed the key role of the “chain master”. “The ‘chain master’ of the manufacturing industry is naturally formed in the market competition, and the output value, innovation ability, research and development ability, and market recognition of the industry’s ‘leader’ are the most critical, so the innovation of the chain master can drive the innovation of the whole industry chain.” Tan Jianrong said, “For example, the Oems can introduce generation after generation of new products, and the parts factory will continue to replace new products and iterate the process according to the innovative products of the Oems.”
“It is suggested to focus on key industries, make concerted efforts from both sides of supply and demand, further give play to the development advantages formed by China’s complete industrial system and large market size, and promote the steady growth of production and structural optimization and upgrading of key industries.” Zhu Kri, executive director of China Information Association and founding president of National Research Institute of New Economy, said.
Third, enhance the ability of industrial science and technology innovation
The work meeting stressed the need to enhance the ability of industrial scientific and technological innovation. Vigorously promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, deeply implement major scientific and technological innovation projects, continue to optimize the innovation platform network, accelerate the cultivation of innovative enterprises, and create an upgraded version of the “Torch” brand. We will improve the quality and efficiency of industrial parks, and start the creation of a new national industrialization demonstration zone.
Since 2023, China’s industrial scientific and technological innovation has yielded fruitful results and made many important progress. Great power heavy equipment stunning the world, new energy vehicles, lithium batteries, photovoltaic products “new three” sail to the sea, highlighting the high-end, intelligent, green made in China’s new advantages. China’s 5G standard necessary patent claims accounted for 42% of the world, and the cumulative number of artificial intelligence large models accounted for more than 60% of the world, and technological innovation was in full swing.
“The achievement of a series of representative scientific and technological innovation achievements in a series of industries is a” two-way journey “between the top-level promotion of the country and the independent innovation of enterprises at the micro level, which cannot be separated from the pursuit of underlying technological innovation, the benchmarking and learning of international advanced experience, the research and judgment of the domestic industrial situation and the attention to high-quality development.” Luo Yu, a professor at the School of Finance and Finance of Renmin University of China and deputy director of the China Banking Research Center, told China Electronics News.
The basis of enhancing the ability of industrial scientific and technological innovation is the effective connection and organic integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. Cao Fang, research director of the Institute of Science and Technology and Standards of the China Electronic Information Industry Development Institute, said that to promote industrial scientific and technological innovation, we must deeply understand the scope of building a modern industrial system, deeply understand the connotation of “science and technology is the first productive force” and “innovation is the first driving force”, open up new areas of development and new tracks, and constantly shape the development of new momentum and new advantages.
“To improve the ability of industrial scientific and technological innovation, it is necessary to establish and improve the transformation system of industrial scientific and technological achievements based on the policy toolbox, innovate the training mode of industrial scientific and technological innovation talents, continue to optimize the open cooperation mechanism of industrial science and technology, improve the total factor productivity, and promote the high-quality development of the modern industrial system.” Cao Fang said.
Enterprises are the main body of industrial technological innovation. To enhance the ability of industrial scientific and technological innovation, it is necessary to accelerate the cultivation of innovative enterprises and establish an incentive mechanism for enterprises to innovate and dare to innovate. Luo Yu pointed out to reporters that technological innovation is often accompanied by higher investment, longer return cycle and certain risks. Therefore, in order to build and enhance the endogenous power of enterprise independent innovation, it is necessary to make the innovation risk borne by the enterprise be compensated through a reasonable incentive mechanism, so that the enterprise has a positive expectation of the market return brought by innovation. He suggested that science and technology finance play an important role in stimulating the innovation vitality of enterprises and escort the technological innovation of enterprises.
“The characteristics and development logic of science and technology enterprises, especially start-up science and technology enterprises, are destined to make it difficult for traditional financial methods to effectively support them.” Once the lack of effective financial support, enterprises will lack resources in the initial stage of entrepreneurship, and lack of innovation momentum for long-term development. And science and technology finance can play the role of ‘one chess game, all live’, and support science and technology enterprises to embark on the road of sound development by improving the financing structure.” Luo Yu said.
While activating the innovation power of enterprises, it is also necessary to form a joint force through multi-party linkage and continue to optimize the construction of innovation platform networks and clusters and parks. According to the Global Innovation Index 2023 report released by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), the number of science and technology clusters on the list of China has continued to rise, ranking first in the world for the first time in 2023, becoming the country with the largest number of science and technology clusters on the list.
Zhang Yuzhe, director of the high Technology Department of the Institute of Industrial Economics and Technological Economics of the Chinese Academy of Macroeconomic Research, told the reporter of China Electronics News that it is necessary to pay attention to the agglomeration of industrial innovation factors and market players, build a differentiated integration cluster development system based on industry characteristics, promote the deepening of industrial division of labor, increase the upstream and downstream links of enterprises, and improve the added value of products. Build a self-oriented, flexible, inclusive, sustainable integration, clustering, and ecological high-quality development industrial ecosystem, effectively improve the resource use efficiency and total factor productivity of industrial integration cluster development, and achieve coordinated regional development across the country.
On the basis of beading into chains and clustering chains, the construction of industrial scientific and technological innovation capacity should also be based on systematic thinking, systematic thinking, overall planning, and active action. Zhang Yuzhe said that to enhance the ability of industrial scientific and technological innovation, we must coordinate the current and long-term problems, and also have the overall consideration of “point, chain and line” coordination.
“On the basis of extensive consultation with the industry, set medium – and long-term technology development and application goals, clarify the concerns of all parties, in accordance with the principle of ‘common first, urgent first’, the implementation of industrial base reconstruction projects and major technical equipment research projects, and focus on breaking through the bottleneck problems restricting the high-quality development of the industry.” On the basis of a breakthrough in the point, ‘string beads into chains and group connections’ to create conditions for industrial transformation and development.” Zhang Yuzhe said.
Fourth, Accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries
The work meeting proposed to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. We will carry out technological upgrading projects in the manufacturing sector, support enterprises in upgrading equipment, and accelerate the transformation and upgrading of key industries such as steel, nonferrous metals, and light industry. We will promote the “smart transformation of the manufacturing industry into a network”, deepen pilot demonstrations of intelligent manufacturing, and promote the construction of an open source system. We will continue to coordinate the transfer and development of industries.
Traditional industries are the basic plate of the national economy and the “ballast stone” of the industrial system. Through transformation and upgrading, the “old trees” of traditional industries are blooming new buds. According to the data of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, in recent years, the proportion of technological transformation investment in industrial investment in China has remained stable at more than 40%. At present, the industrial Internet has been integrated into 45 national economic categories, and nearly 90 million (sets) of connected devices; 5G has been widely replicated in traditional industries such as industry, mining, electricity, and ports, and nearly 10,000 digital workshops and smart factories have been built. New scenarios, new schemes and new models such as high-end CNC machine tools, robots, intelligent home appliances, industrial large models, and green factories continue to emerge, and the industry has achieved remarkable results in improving quality and efficiency.
The fundamental driving force for the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries is scientific and technological innovation. Jiang Yu, a researcher at the Development Research Center of The State Council, said that at present, some traditional industries have problems of many, small, scattered and chaotic, with serious “internal volume” among enterprises and fierce cost competition, which in turn leads to insufficient energy and resources for enterprises to invest in scientific and technological innovation. It is necessary to solve the problem of industrial fragmentation, integrate the industry, and enhance the industrial concentration; At the same time, driven by the government and industry associations, vertical and horizontal joint efforts are carried out within the industry to carry out collaborative innovation and research for some industrial common technologies.
It is necessary to continue to implement the “high-end, intelligent and green” manufacturing upgrading project. Ding Shiyong, Vice chairman of Chongqing CPPCC, believes that in the current context of the new industrial revolution, the market demand will be more personalized and diversified, and the main path of transformation and upgrading of traditional industries is from low value-added to high value-added upgrading, from high energy consumption and high pollution to low energy consumption and low pollution upgrading, from extensive to intensive upgrading.
Li Peigen, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, pointed out that digital design, digital processes and equipment, and digital workshops based on the realization and construction of new generation information technologies such as 5G, AI, and industrial Internet are needed by most traditional industries. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the wisdom of the supply chain. At present, many traditional manufacturing enterprises have realized that they should create a good supply chain ecology and realize the visualization, perception and adjustment of the supply chain, which is also one of the important directions of the digital transformation of the traditional industry in the future.
“The trial and error cost of digital intelligent transformation is high, and the costs and benefits of transformation and upgrading of some enterprises are difficult to balance in the short term, resulting in enterprises’ dare not turn, unwilling to turn, and will not turn ‘.” Huang Shikun, vice chairman of Shenzhen Federation of Industry and Commerce and chairman of Shenzhen Jinyafu Holding Group Co., LTD., pointed out that it is necessary to innovate the “number change wisdom” demonstration and promotion mechanism, establish a number of “number wisdom navigation” and “lighthouse” enterprises that are easy to copy and promote, explore the formation of new models, new paths, and new formats of demonstration navigation, and “bring up a piece” by “trying a batch”.
To promote traditional industries, we also need to guide the rational and orderly gradient transfer of industries and optimize the distribution of productivity. Zhang Wenzhong, a researcher at the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that under the regional coordinated development strategy, promoting the northeast and central and western regions to enhance their industrial undertaking capacity, actively absorb the transfer of advantageous industries from the eastern region, and develop to scale will help maximize the resource endowment and advantages of various regions, so as to realize the adjustment and upgrading of industrial structure. Promote the efficient flow of industry-related personnel, resources and other factors among each other.
“It is necessary to fully consider the comprehensive balance of productivity, energy and resources, and combine the governance of the ecological environment with the promotion of industrial transformation and development.” We will promote the orderly transfer and undertaking of industries in key regions such as the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the Yellow River Basin, build a number of advanced manufacturing clusters with obvious effects of low-carbon transformation, and build an industrial layout conducive to carbon emission reduction.” China electronic information industry Development Research Institute energy conservation and environmental protection institute director Zhao Weidong said.
Fifth, the analysis of hot spots to consolidate and enhance the leading position of advantageous industries
The work conference stressed that consolidating and improving the leading position of advantageous industries. We will speed up the strengthening of the chain and the extension of the chain to enhance the competitiveness of the whole industry. We will support the development of electric replacement models for new energy vehicles, and do a good job in pilot areas for comprehensive electrification of vehicles in the public sector. Strengthen the standardization and quality supervision of the photovoltaic industry. We will promote high-end applications of rare earths in aerospace, electronic information, new energy and other fields.
Since 2023, there has been a “bright color” in the development of China’s industry and information technology. The “new three” represented by new energy vehicles, solar cells, and lithium-ion power batteries for automobiles have sprung up, showing the surging development momentum.
Data show that from January to November, the added value of high-tech manufacturing above designated size increased by 2.3% year-on-year, and the added value of equipment manufacturing increased by 6.4% year-on-year. In November, the output of “new three” related products such as new energy vehicles, solar cells, and automotive lithium-ion power batteries increased by 35.6%, 44.5% and 38.7%, respectively. From January to November, the production and sales of new energy vehicles completed 8.426 million and 8.304 million, respectively, an increase of 34.5% and 36.7%, and the sales of new energy vehicles reached 30.8% of the total sales of new vehicles. From January to October, the total output of lithium batteries in China exceeded 765GWh, an increase of 31% year-on-year. From January to October, the national production of crystalline silicon cells exceeded 403GW, and the total export of photovoltaic silicon wafers, cells, and module products reached 42.99 billion US dollars.
High technology, high added value and leading the green transformation are the significant characteristics of the “new three”. To consolidate and enhance competitive industries, we need to be innovation-driven and further enhance the competitiveness of key core technologies. Qian Depei, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, suggested that we should continue to strengthen top-level design and planning guidance. We will accelerate breakthroughs in a number of core technologies and landmark strategic products. We will promote the deep integration of innovation chains and industrial chains, and build a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body, the market as the guide, and enterprises, universities and research institutes deeply integrated. We will promote the efficient transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, encourage in-depth cooperation between entrepreneurs and scientists, and accelerate the process of engineering and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements.
Chen Xuedong, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, proposed to coordinate national innovation resources, focus on the manufacturing industry chain, layout innovation chain, integration of capital chain and talent chain, and optimize the construction and layout of national research and development platforms. We will form an innovation system that deeply integrates industry, university, research and application, give full play to the role of universities in the scientific and technological innovation system, and carry out basic research and applied basic research oriented to technological needs. Encourage leading enterprises to become the long industrial chain, integrate and innovate with large, medium-sized and small enterprises in the upper, middle and downstream, and form a major equipment innovation consortium. Wu Yingming, chairman of the Board of Supervisors of Ningde Times, said that Ningde Times will adhere to the lead of scientific and technological innovation, lead by extreme manufacturing, and constantly promote the innovation and upgrading of the new energy industry.
Digital, intelligent and green are the distinctive characteristics of new industrialization and an important direction for the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry. To consolidate and enhance competitive industries, we must take intelligent manufacturing as the main direction, accelerate industrial digital transformation, and enhance industrial competitiveness. Li Bohu, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that intelligent manufacturing is the deep integration of a new generation of information and communication technology, artificial intelligence technology and advanced manufacturing technology, which runs through all aspects of manufacturing activities such as design, production, management and service. Digital, networked and intelligent new production mode, technology and ecology with self-sensing, self-learning, self-decision-making, self-execution and self-adaptation functions. Intelligent manufacturing can improve production efficiency, improve product quality and reduce production costs. It is helpful for enterprises to achieve large-scale production and improve their advantages in market competition.
Cao Renxian, chairman of the China Photovoltaic Industry Association and chairman of Solar Power, also believes that it is necessary to promote the green and intelligent development of the industry to consolidate and enhance global competitive advantages.
To consolidate and upgrade competitive industries, we need to deepen international exchanges and cooperation and enhance our voice in the international market. Gao Jifan, chairman of Trina Solar Co., LTD., believes that industry associations should actively organize the formulation of international standards, including the formulation of standards for photovoltaic products, energy storage products, new power systems, etc., to form a China-led global photovoltaic industry standard system, and promote the formation of a new photovoltaic ecology that Chinese enterprises lead the world, so as to enhance the voice in the international market. Cao Renxian said that we should pay attention to international development. With the deepening of globalization, enterprises should strengthen international cooperation and expand overseas markets.
Six, hot spot analysis to accelerate the cultivation of emerging industries forward-looking layout of future industries
The work meeting stressed the need to speed up the cultivation of emerging industries. We will launch trials for the access and road use of intelligent connected vehicles, and promote the development of Beidou scale applications and satellite Internet. We will strengthen emerging industries such as new energy, new materials, high-end equipment, biomedicine and high-end medical equipment, and safety and emergency equipment, and foster new growth areas such as bio-manufacturing, commercial aerospace, and low-altitude economy. We will introduce an action plan for future industrial development, target industries such as humanoid robots and quantum information, and strive to break through key technologies, cultivate key products, and expand scenario applications.
The development from strategic emerging industries to future industries reflects the development trend of the global science and technology frontier, and it is also a new need to build a new engine for China’s industrial upgrading and build a new development pattern. Since 2023, China has accelerated the cultivation of emerging industries, forward-looking layout of future industries, and achieved obvious results. China has built the world’s largest and technologically advanced 5G network. Up to now, the total scale of China’s computing power has reached 1.97 trillion trillion floating point operations per second, ranking second in the world, and the average annual growth rate of computing power in the past five years is nearly 30%. The Beidou System officially joined the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards and became a common satellite navigation system for global civil aviation. Carried out research on 6G network architecture and system design, issued more than 30 research reports, and carried out technical tests in an orderly manner.
The development of China’s artificial intelligence industry has achieved remarkable results. The latest data show that the scale of China’s artificial intelligence core industry has reached 500 billion yuan, the number of enterprises has exceeded 4,300, and innovative achievements such as smart chips, development frameworks, and general large models have continued to emerge, and supercomputing, intelligent computing, and cloud computing have coordinated efforts.
The next step is to steadily advance and deepen the development of new industrialization. First, we must firmly grasp the evolution direction of frontier science and technology, strengthen research and judgment, and do a good job in planning and layout. Shi Dan, director of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said: “At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial change is in the rise, general artificial intelligence, life science, new energy and other frontier technologies are profoundly changing the industrial production function, leading the new direction of industrial development, opening up a new track for industrial development.” Only by closely tracking and grasping the changes at the forefront of science and technology can we firmly hold the initiative of innovation and development in our own hands.”
Zou Debao, an analyst at CDI Consulting Artificial Intelligence Industry Research Center, suggested that the technology foundation in key fields such as natural language processing, intelligent voice, machine vision, biometric recognition and human-computer interaction should be consolidated, artificial intelligence and new industrialization should be further integrated and innovated, the level of universality of artificial intelligence technology should be improved, and the threshold for new industrial production should be lowered. We will accelerate the enabling application of advanced artificial intelligence technologies to new industrialization.
Second, we should base on the two-way integration of the innovation chain and industrial chain to create a diversified industrial development ecology. Liu Daxiang, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that to promote the “double chain” integrated development of the manufacturing industry, not only need to clarify the goals and significance of integrated development, grasp the trend changes, but also need to closely adhere to the theme of high-quality development, adhere to the problem-oriented, goal-oriented, identify the “double chain” deep integration of the node, the joint node and the power point, to lay out in the key place.
Hu Yongjun, a researcher at the Informatization and Industrial Development Department of the State Information Center, said that in order to promote the high-quality incubation and cultivation of future industrial development, on the one hand, the existing industry head enterprises should be encouraged to lay out the future industrial frontier areas; On the other hand, it is also necessary to encourage enterprises to innovate boldly in the future industrial field. In addition, according to the differentiated development needs of different stages of the future industry, the model of “government guidance + science and technology park leadership + leading enterprises + social capital” should be adopted, and a multi-level innovation platform and carrier serving the whole chain of transformation of scientific and technological achievements of the future industry should be built around proof of concept, pilot maturation, and industrial acceleration, so as to create a diversified industrial development ecology.
Third, it is necessary to train scientific and technological innovation personnel to lay a solid talent foundation for new industrialization. With the continuous progress and development of science and technology, new industrialization focuses on 5G, artificial intelligence, biological manufacturing, industrial Internet, intelligent connected vehicles, green and low-carbon, and future humanoid robots, meta-universe, quantum technology and other frontier fields will become urgent needs of the industry. Li Yanrong, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that looking into the future, it is necessary to strengthen the investment of higher education resources, improve the teaching quality and scientific research level of colleges and universities, further optimize the professional layout structure, improve the compatibility with the needs of industrial development, and add new industrialization majors such as intelligent manufacturing engineering, new energy materials and devices, artificial intelligence, and blockchain engineering. We will train more talents with scientific and technological innovation ability and practical ability.
Ma Yuguang, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that to strengthen and accelerate core and original technology research, we should start from the most basic education, cultivate the awareness of the whole society to pay attention to science and pay attention to intellectual property protection, and encourage scientific research institutions and enterprises to develop their own characteristics and strengths.
Seventh, hot spot analysis to promote the high-quality development of information and communication industry
The work meeting pointed out that to promote the high-quality development of the information and communication industry. Coordinate the work of “construction, use and research”, promote the large-scale deployment of 5G and gigabit optical networks, accelerate the layout of intelligent computing facilities, and strengthen 6G pre-research. We will make innovations in the regulation of the information and communications market, deepen the construction and rectification of traffic patterns, and improve emergency communication plans and command systems. We will promote the large-scale application of 5G and introduce guidelines for the high-quality development of the industrial Internet. We will carry out special actions to improve the protection and protection of critical information infrastructure, and improve the level of data security management in the industry.
Since 2023, China has continued to play and consolidate the advantages of the information and communication industry to support high-quality economic and social development. Steady progress was made in the construction of gigabit optical fiber broadband networks. By the end of November, the number of Internet broadband access ports nationwide had reached 1.133 billion, a net increase of 61.94 million over the end of the previous year. 5G network construction accelerated, and by the end of November, the total number of 5G base stations reached 3.282 million, accounting for 28.5% of the total number of mobile base stations. In the first three quarters of 2023, network service capabilities continued to upgrade, and mobile network IPv6 traffic accounted for 58.4%.
The next step is to promote the high-quality development of the information and communication industry, first, coordinate the work of “construction, use and research”, promote the scale deployment of 5G and gigabit optical networks, accelerate the layout of intelligent computing facilities, and strengthen 6G pre-research. Wu Hequan, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, pointed out that the digital economy has driven the construction of new digital infrastructure, accelerated the innovation of a new generation of information and communication technology, and promoted the development of communication network technology to large broadband, large connection, large platform, and large model, which should be from network cloud, SDN, NFV+IPv6, and then to cloud network collaboration, IPv6+ enabling SD-WAN. When it comes to the integration of computing networks, more technical innovations and breakthroughs are needed.
In the future, to accelerate the construction of high-speed, mobile, safe and ubiquitous network infrastructure, Yang Jie, secretary of the Party Group and chairman of China Mobile Communications Group Co., LTD., said that it is necessary to continue to fully build 5G networks with advanced technology, good quality, safety and reliability, and build fiber optic broadband networks with high standards. It is necessary to promote the deep integration of 5G with artificial intelligence, satellite communications and other technologies, and accelerate the evolution of network intelligence, heaven and earth integration, and common sense integration. Accelerate research on 6G basic theories, key technologies and industrial development paths, and strive to break through basic theories and key technologies such as next-generation network architecture and intelligent endogenous development.
The second is to promote the large-scale application of 5G and introduce guidelines for the high-quality development of the industrial Internet. Since 2023, China’s “5G+ industrial Internet” infrastructure construction has formed a good situation of “promoting use by construction and building with use”, and the integration application has moved from popularization to depth, enabling the digital, networking and intelligent transformation and upgrading of the real economy. In the first three quarters of this year, 5G applications have been integrated into 67 major categories of the national economy, the total number of mobile Internet of Things terminals has reached 2.22 billion, and there are more than 7,000 “5G+ industrial Internet” projects nationwide.
Zhou Ji, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that it is necessary to deeply implement the “5G+ Industrial Internet” development project, build network platform security, identification, data, system and other basic bases, and optimize infrastructure layout, structure, function and system integration. Build a modern information integration facility system, and promote the widespread popularization and deep integration of “5G+ industrial Internet” in key industrial chains.
Academician GUI Weihua of the Chinese Academy of Engineering said that the development of the industrial Internet should be mainly driven by problems, focus on the practical problems in the production and operation of enterprises, avoid the situation of supply and demand “two sheets of skin”, so that enterprises can obtain benefits after the application of “5G+ industrial Internet”, the key to achieve benefits is technology integration, that is, to achieve the deep integration of intelligence and industry. “At present, in the landing process of ‘5G+ industrial Internet’, there are still many things to be done in the technological integration of systems, industrial software and network communication, such as empowering the industrial Internet and related software through artificial intelligence technology to play a greater role in industry.” “Said GUI Weihua.
The third is to carry out special actions to improve the protection of critical information infrastructure and improve the level of data security management in the industry. Wu Jiangxing, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, pointed out that we need to balance network security risks and responsibilities, who is responsible for production, starting from the technical source of the digital industry, to let consumers trust that the data products they use every day have security and integrity. This requires a fundamental change in the underlying driving model of the data ecosystem, and the establishment of a defensible and resilient digital ecosystem, so that it is easier to form internal defense capabilities. In addition, it is necessary to let developers consider network security issues from the overall digital security and product life cycle, and be responsible for network security from every link.
“Digital transformation forces network security transformation, from network security to data security, so that data security and network security into the product and technology, can not let the engineering group two systems, with one to protect the other, but to build a single system into the network security.” Wu Jiangxing said that this may temporarily increase the cost of product development, but in the long run, it can not only protect the network information security of customers, but also reduce the maintenance and repair costs of manufacturers, especially in the medical, aviation, unmanned driving and other industries with a “zero tolerance” attitude to network security issues.
Eight, hot analysis to promote green and low-carbon industrial development
The work meeting emphasized the promotion of green and low-carbon industrial development. We will prudently promote carbon emission reduction in the industrial sector, strictly control new production capacity in steel, cement, and flat glass, carry out trials for digital carbon management in industry, carry out actions to improve industrial energy efficiency and water efficiency, actively explore market-oriented ways for the comprehensive utilization of emerging solid waste, vigorously develop green and low-carbon industries, and comprehensively promote green manufacturing.
Green and low-carbon has become the ecological background for promoting new industrialization. Since 2023, China’s industrial and information systems have actively promoted carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion and growth, promoted the continuous optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, and further improved the efficiency of energy and resources utilization. Up to now, China has built a total of 5,100 state-level green factories, and the average utilization rate of solid waste disposal in green industrial parks exceeds 95%.
Li Meng, a senior project officer of green supply chain at the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs (IPE), said in an interview with China Electronics News that promoting green manufacturing is an important path and an important starting point for all industrial enterprises to achieve the goal of “double carbon”. Among them, the construction of green and low-carbon factories helps to carry out green manufacturing technology innovation and integrated application; The construction of a green and low-carbon supply chain, the concept of green and low-carbon throughout the whole process of product design, raw material procurement, production, transportation, storage, use, recycling and treatment, is conducive to promoting the green and low-carbon development of the whole chain of the supply chain.
Zhao Yue, director of the Energy Conservation and green Energy Research Office of the Institute of Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection of the China Electronic Information Industry Development Institute, told reporters that promoting green manufacturing is an important starting point for manufacturing enterprises to achieve the full life cycle of “carbon reduction”, and maximizing the carbon emissions of enterprises through green manufacturing is the basis for further achieving carbon neutrality.
In the next step, the comprehensive construction of a green manufacturing system also needs to promote the digitalization of manufacturing processes, low-carbon energy consumption, and green product supply, and constantly improve the green competitiveness of the industry.
In terms of promoting the digitalization of manufacturing processes, Zhao Weidong, director of the Institute of Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection of the China Institute of Electronic Information Industry Development, said that for the “double carbon” goal, it is necessary to digitally empower industrial carbon emission management. Apply digital technology to all aspects of industrial carbon emission monitoring, operation and management, including automatic collection, storage, processing, application and security of carbon data, tap carbon reduction potential through big data governance of carbon emissions, and promote the efficiency and quality of carbon management.
Wei Qijia, director of the Industry Office of the Forecast Department of the State Information Center, believes that it is necessary to promote the deep integration of emerging technologies such as big data, 5G and industrial Internet with green and low-carbon industries, and accelerate the application of artificial intelligence, Internet of things, cloud computing, digital twin, blockchain and other technologies in the field of green manufacturing.
In terms of promoting low-carbon energy consumption, Chen Xuedong, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, proposed to coordinate the supply and use of energy, establish a low-carbon, efficient and safe multi-energy system, continue to promote green manufacturing, gradually improve the effective utilization of energy, and achieve the reduction of pollution and carbon in the use of energy in the manufacturing field.
In terms of promoting the green supply of products, Jiang Feng, executive director of the China Household Appliances Association, said that the household appliances industry is closely related to the people’s livelihood of the industry, through continuous innovation, expand the effective supply of green and low-carbon products, advocate the concept of green and low-carbon consumption, and help green and low-carbon lifestyle. At the same time, through science and technology and management innovation, improve the green manufacturing system, and achieve energy conservation, emission reduction and carbon reduction in the whole process.
Xu Shaoshan, deputy director of China Quality Certification Center, believes that the establishment of product carbon footprint certification system will help standardize the carbon identification management process, promote green and low-carbon consumption, and will play an important role in improving the energy efficiency and carbon efficiency of key products and improving the awareness of energy conservation and carbon reduction in the whole society.
The multi-channel analysis of hot spots supports the innovation and development of specialized and special new enterprises
The work meeting pointed out that promoting the high-quality development of small and medium-sized enterprises. We will implement a number of inclusive assistance policies, support the innovation and development of specialized and new enterprises through multiple channels, and carry out pilot cities for the digital transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises and special actions for the “three Fu”. We will speed up the development of a national service network for small and medium-sized enterprises. We carried out a series of activities to promote the integrated development of large, small and medium-sized enterprises.
The development of small and medium-sized enterprises has been accelerated. A total of 12,000 “small giant” enterprises and 103,000 specialized and new small and medium-sized enterprises have been cultivated, and 100 characteristic industrial clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises have been selected. We launched the first batch of trials for the digital transformation of smes in 30 cities, and carried out a series of service activities for smes, serving more than 9.5 million smes in total. Among them, the cumulative number of “small giant” enterprises has exceeded the goal of “cultivating 10,000 specialized and special new” small giant “enterprises by 2025”. In the first half of this year, China’s newly listed specialized new small and medium-sized enterprises totaled 102, accounting for 59% of the new A-share listed enterprises.
The next step is to promote the high-quality development of small and medium-sized enterprises. First, we must speed up the construction of a large unified national market. Sun Wenkai, deputy dean of the National Institute of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises and professor of the School of Economics, Renmin University of China, said in an interview with a reporter of China Electronics News that the state’s capital support for small and medium-sized enterprises, especially specialized and new small and medium-sized enterprises has been effective, and it is necessary to continue to promote the high-quality development of small and medium-sized enterprises, but also to work on the following aspects: For the specialized and special new small and medium-sized enterprises that have been evaluated, it is necessary to focus on doing “increment” on the existing basis, based on the existing policy advantages, and make achievements on the strong chain as soon as possible, while being good at using policies such as “one enterprise and one policy” to solve development problems; Ordinary small and medium-sized enterprises are facing a highly competitive market environment, enterprises want to win in the market competition, it is necessary to take the initiative to the industry specialized special new enterprises, focus on technology and product investment, get rid of the vicious circle of low-level competition.
“Improving the national unified large market is the key, we must encourage the flexible flow of high-tech talents inside and outside the system, between urban and rural areas; Enterprises should avoid money worship, short-termism, adoption and utilitarianism, adhere to technocracy, long-termism and artisan spirit, and fulfill their social responsibilities.” Sun Wenkai said.
Second, we need to innovate and lead the way. Innovation is the soul of enterprise development, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences China industry and enterprise competitiveness research Center, deputy director of the Institute of Industrial economics researcher Chen Xiaodong said that “innovation” should be taken as a key word to cultivate specialized special new “little giant” development. He believes that on the one hand, we should further promote the entrepreneurial spirit with innovation as the core, and on the other hand, we should speed up the formation of a cultural atmosphere and institutional environment to promote innovation. He believes that the establishment of an innovative cultural atmosphere that tolerates failure can better enhance the awareness and spirit of innovation in the whole society. “Breaking the four” and “setting new standards” should be carried out simultaneously, and the establishment of an evaluation system and mechanism conducive to innovation should be accelerated. “Stable team” and “exciting vitality” should be accelerated, and we must sincerely establish an innovative cultural atmosphere that tolerates failure and encourages exploration.
Zhu Meng, senior vice president of Ruilai Wisdom Partner, said in an interview with a reporter from China Electronics News that in order to achieve high-quality development, enterprises need to be hard, and the core of development is the solid “basic skills” of enterprises themselves. “Any moat is only temporary, anchoring the right direction of development, increasing innovation efforts, and continuously enhancing the core competitiveness of enterprises is the king.” Zhu Meng said, “We will continue to rely on independent research and development and original technology drive, steadily do a good job in the hands of every product, every solution, while enhancing the resilience and resilience of the enterprise.”
Third, we need to promote the integrated development of large, small and medium-sized enterprises, help small and medium-sized enterprises integrate into the supply chain of large enterprises, promote upstream and downstream resource sharing, and collaborate on key problems. The integrated development of large, small and medium-sized enterprises is an effective channel to unleash the innovation vitality of large enterprises and stimulate the innovation potential of small and medium-sized enterprises. Zheng Ying, vice president of Yonyou Network Technology Co., Ltd. gave suggestions from four levels: First, in terms of policy support, it is recommended that the government strengthen guidance to ensure that specialized small and medium-sized enterprises can fully benefit from relevant policies; Secondly, in terms of financial services, it is suggested to establish a more flexible and diversified financial service model, lower the financing threshold, and provide more convenient financing channels for smes. Thirdly, in terms of technological innovation, enterprises are encouraged to increase investment in research and development, promote industry-university-research cooperation, and take multiple measures to promote enterprise technology research and development and digital intelligent innovation; Finally, in terms of overseas markets, we can strengthen the policy guidance for smes going overseas, promote the docking of domestic enterprises with the international market, and enhance the position of excellent specialized and special new smes in the global industrial chain.
本文由数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）转载而成，来源于绍兴市数字经济促进会公众号；编辑/翻译：数字化转型网宁檬树。
免责声明: 本网站(https://www.szhzxw.cn/)内容主要来自原创、合作媒体供稿和第三方投稿，凡在本网站出现的信息，均仅供参考。本网站将尽力确保所提供信息的准确性及可靠性，但不保证有关资料的准确性及可靠性，读者在使用前请进一步核实，并对任何自主决定的行为负责。本网站对有关资料所引致的错误、不确或遗漏，概不负任何法律责任。
本网站刊载的所有内容(包括但不仅限文字、图片、LOGO、音频、视频、软件、程序等) 版权归原作者所有。任何单位或个人认为本网站中的内容可能涉嫌侵犯其知识产权或存在不实内容时，请及时通知本站，予以删除。
