“中国科学院院士褚君浩在半导体领域作出了哪些贡献？”“金属半导体场效应晶体管、低维半导体材料、高速半导体器件……”
今年2月，一款名为ChatGPT的聊天机器人风靡国内，不少人认为它将开启一个新的时代。在中国科学院院士、半导体物理和器件专家褚君浩看来，ChatGPT诚然具备诸多先进性特征，但是其真实性、智能性还有待进步。“我问ChatGPT褚君浩在半导体方面有什么贡献。它回复了一篇文章，看起来写得很好，但仔细一推敲里面很多东西不对。很多我做的，它没讲，没做的，它却讲。”数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
在日前举行的科创中国数字经济技术创新峰会上，央广网记者对褚君浩院士进行专访，在他看来，大热的ChatGPT是如今新业态、新技术快速迭代发展的缩影之一，绝非终点。上海作为我国经济发展最活跃、创新能力最强的城市之一，必须要在三大新赛道等数字科技方面开发新技术、发现新规律、实现新应用，这些将显著地推动经济增长及上海的高质量发展。
一、抢抓新赛道 上海具有人才、政策等多方优势
2022年，上海市发布绿色低碳、元宇宙、智能终端产业发展三个行动方案。其中提出，争取到2025年，三个新赛道产业总规模突破1.5万亿元。抢抓新赛道、培育新动能成为上海构筑未来发展优势的战略方向，也是当前促进经济加快恢复和重振的重要抓手。数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
对于上海这三大新赛道，褚君浩显得十分期待。“元宇宙最开始只是游戏里的概念，但是我看到在第五届进博会上已经出现了好多元宇宙产品，它逐渐将虚拟和现实结合在一起了。”褚君浩举例道，在元宇宙中可以进行体育运动、技能训练，甚至诸如物流控制等工作，既可以提升生活和工作的效率又可增强安全性。
在褚君浩看来，上海发展三大新赛道具有人才、政策等多方面优势。诚然如此，以政策为例，为保障新赛道、新产业高质量发展，上海在组织统筹、资金支持、载体布局、人才引育、开放合作等方面提出一系列政策举措。如更新发布2022版产业地图，推出一批特色产业园区；按规定加大人才奖励力度，着力培育引进国内外复合型人才、创新团队等；发起设立百亿级元宇宙产业基金，支持创新企业上市……
可以见得，上海新赛道布局势如破竹。
“但上海还有可以提升的空间。”褚君浩辩证地认为，上海若想实现“1.5万亿元”的目标，还应当着力促进产学研结合，并重视挖掘先进“苗子”。“有些中小企业，一开始规模很小、很困难，很多新思想、新技术都还在研究，上海应当对于它们加强重视，把好的‘苗子’扶持起来。”数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
二、数字化是上海实现高质量发展的关键点之一
除三个新赛道产业总规模突破1.5万亿元外，上海在2022年还提出了一个“3万亿元”目标：在2022年发布的《上海市数字经济发展“十四五”规划》中提出，到2025年底，上海数字经济发展水平稳居全国前列，增加值力争达到3万亿元，占全市GDP比重大于60%。
“是3万亿、4万亿，还是2万亿，这都是这个统计学家的一个估算数字。”褚君浩风趣地说道，数字只是表象，它意味着数字经济的增加值会大幅度提升，经济会有很大的发展。
褚君浩表示，上海数字经济具有良好的技术、人才基础，“数字技术是实际上是技术的数字化，而数字化可以推动定量化、精准化、规律化乃至智能化，这每一个‘化’实际上都会推动实体经济的发展和产能的提高。”
褚君浩认为，发展与提升只是第一步，通过数字技术与实体经济的结合实现高质量发展才是真正要义。
以汽车行业为例，褚君浩指出，传统的汽车流水线依赖人工操作，这不仅存在质量和效率问题，更可能因一些污染物导致人体健康受损。“现在先进的流水线都是靠机器人，自动化的程度更高，智能化的程度也更高，那么它的质量和效率也都上去了。”数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
褚君浩表示，高质量的发展体现在智能化、低能耗上，而数字技术赋能实体经济就是很好的体现。它不仅可以提高生产效率、节能环保，更可满足人民对美好生活向往。“促进数字经济发展与实现高质量发展密不可分，数字化是上海实现高质量发展的关键点之一。”褚君浩满怀期待地说道。
翻译：
“What contributions did Chu Junhao, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, make to the semiconductor field?” “Metal semiconductor field-effect transistors, low-dimensional semiconductor materials, high-speed semiconductor devices…”
In February, a chatbot named ChatGPT swept China, and many people believe it will usher in a new era. According to Chu Junhao, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and an expert on semiconductor physics and devices, ChatGPT does have many advanced features, but its authenticity and intelligence need to be improved. “I asked ChatGPT what Chu had to offer in semiconductors. It replied with an article that seemed well written, but on closer examination many things were wrong. It doesn’t tell me much about what I do, and it tells me about what I don’t do.”
Academician Chu Junhao was interviewed by a reporter from CNR.cn at the recent China Digital Economy Technology Innovation Summit. In his opinion, the hot ChatGPT is one of the microcosm of the rapid and iterative development of today’s new business forms and new technologies, and it is by no means the end. Shanghai, as one of the cities with the most active economic development and the strongest innovation capability, must develop new technologies, discover new laws and realize new applications in digital technologies such as the three new circuits, which will significantly promote economic growth and high-quality development of Shanghai.数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
Shanghai has many advantages, such as talents and policies
In 2022, Shanghai issued three action plans for the development of green and low-carbon, meta-universe and intelligent terminal industries. It is proposed that by 2025, the total scale of the three new track industry will exceed 1.5 trillion yuan. Seizing new racetracks and cultivating new driving forces have become the strategic direction for Shanghai to build its future development advantages, as well as an important starting point for accelerating economic recovery and revitalization.
Chu Junhao is looking forward to the three new circuits in Shanghai. “The metacomes started out as a concept in games, but I’ve seen a lot of metacomes at the fifth CIIE, which are gradually combining the virtual and the real.” For example, physical exercise, skill training and even work such as logistics control can be carried out in the meta-universe, which can both improve the efficiency of life and work and enhance safety, Chu said.
In Chu’s opinion, the development of the three new tracks in Shanghai has many advantages, such as talents and policies. Indeed, take policies as an example. In order to guarantee the high-quality development of new racetracks and new industries, Shanghai has put forward a series of policies and measures in the aspects of organizational planning, financial support, carrier layout, talent cultivation and opening up and cooperation. For example, the 2022 industrial map will be updated and released, and a number of characteristic industrial parks will be launched. According to the regulations to increase the talent reward, focus on the introduction of domestic and foreign compound talents, innovation team; Initiated the establishment of a multi-billion yuan industry fund to support the listing of innovative enterprises…数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
As you can see, Shanghai’s new track layout is overwhelming.
“But Shanghai still has room to improve.” Chu argues that if Shanghai wants to achieve the goal of 1.5 trillion yuan, it should also promote the integration of industry, universities and research institutes, and pay attention to exploring advanced “Miao children”. “Some small and medium-sized enterprises are very small and difficult to start with, and many new ideas and technologies are still under research. Shanghai should pay more attention to them and support good ‘seedling’ companies.”
Digitization is one of the key points for Shanghai to achieve high-quality development
In addition to the three new track industry with a total scale exceeding 1.5 trillion yuan, Shanghai has also proposed a “3 trillion yuan” target in 2022: In the 14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Shanghai Digital Economy released in 2022, it is proposed that by the end of 2025, the development level of Shanghai’s digital economy will rank among the top in China, and the added value will strive to reach 3 trillion yuan, accounting for more than 60% of the city’s GDP.数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
“Whether it’s three trillion, four trillion, two trillion, that’s an estimate by this statistician.” Chu jokingly said that the number is just the surface, which means that the added value of the digital economy will be greatly increased and the economy will have great development.
Chu Junhao said that Shanghai’s digital economy has a good foundation of technology and talent, “Digital technology is actually the digitalization of technology, and digitalization can promote quantification, precision, regularity and even intelligence, each of which will actually promote the development of the real economy and the improvement of production capacity.”
Chu believes that development and promotion is only the first step, and high-quality development through the combination of digital technology and the real economy is the real point.
Taking the automobile industry as an example, Chu pointed out that the traditional automobile assembly line relies on manual operation. Which not only has quality and efficiency problems, but also may cause human health damage due to some pollutants. “Now advanced assembly lines rely on robots, the degree of automation is higher. The degree of intelligence is higher, so its quality and efficiency are also up.”
Chu said high-quality development is reflected in intelligence and low energy consumption. Which is well reflected by digital technology empowering the real economy. It can not only improve production efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection. But also meet people’s yearning for a better life. “Promoting the development of digital economy is inseparable from achieving high-quality development. And digitalization is one of the key points for Shanghai to achieve high-quality development.” Chu Junhao said with great expectation.数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
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