2020年，国家提出了“新基建”战略，作为“新基建”的重要组成部分，数字基础设施建设是支撑未来数字经济社会发展的新型基础设施的核心和基石。在5G、人工智能技术的加速推进下，数据将更加高效的流动，发挥更大的价值。构建能够承载数据更高速运转的数字化基础设施，从而夯实企业数字化转型的基础，推动各个产业向着数字化、智能化方向发展已迫在眉睫。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
中石化智慧加油站作为大数据、云计算等高新技术在加油站运用的最新实践，通过OceanBase 赋能 “数据+平台+应用”的架构设计理念，建设大集中的实体卡系统，解决了原有加油卡系统无法适应互联网化客户营销服务体验和模式创新的问题，基于新基建技术构建的新一代智慧加油站，推进了中石化生活综合服务商转型战略。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
CIO时代、新基建创新研究院与OceanBase共同推出“发力数字新基建 夯实转型新基础” 的CIO时代会客厅系列访谈。通过代表性案例剖析，挖掘行业痛点与解决方案，把握行业发展趋势。本期中石化信息化数字化首席专家李剑峰坐客会客厅，与主持人一起探讨数字新基建创新发展的应用与实践。
以下内容根据访谈内容整理而出。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
刘晶：请您谈一谈对大型能源企业来讲，关键基础软件选择的重要性有哪些？主要关注点有哪些？
李剑峰：这个问题非常关键。我们曾经做过统计，核心软件方面包括底层操作系统、数据库等关键应用软件的国外进口占比非常高，有的领域基本都是国外软件。所以自主产权的研发和发展，对于我们参与国际竞争，有很大的挑战。
从企业成本考虑，以前在应用领域引进的成本肯定比自主研发更低，比如说炼油化工的整体优化，因为使用效率更好普遍使用的都是国外软件，长此以往就缺少了这方面研发力量的培育。现在面临市场的竞争，需求变得更加迫切，所以从需求角度，也按照紧急程度来讲，需要把有限的能力放到最关键的地方去做战略性部署。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
中石化在基础软件研发上分两个层面：第一，基础软件目前还是主要依赖外部力量，像操作系统、数据库等也开始选用国内相对成熟的软件，跟国内成熟厂商合作，比如数据库软件层面上选择OceanBase这样的企业；第二在应用软件层面投入上，比如油田、炼油化工这些应用以自我研发为主，然后再整合外部的力量，这样形成发展的合力。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
刘晶：中石化的研发队伍规模是怎样的？
李剑峰：中石化研发队伍还是很强大的。在专业层面，中石化有八大总部级的研究院，我们很多下属企业也有研究院，专业研发能力很强。我们还有很多层次的IT队伍，比如总部级的队伍，以及原有的信息部门。现在我们正在挖掘和整合集团的内部力量，以形成自己的专业研发队伍。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
刘晶：中石化目前在数据治理工作方面做了哪些工作？数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
李剑峰：中石化正在积极推进的一个重大工程是“IT新模式建设”。近年来我们发现传统的IT建设方式很难支撑数字化转型，所以我们提出了“数据+平台+应用”这种全新模式，在这个新模式里数据占第一位。在这之前还未形成数据治理，只能算数据收集或者数据应用，没有在资产层面对数据整体管理进行考虑。现在我们启动了全集团级的数据治理，将原来传统的建设方式都统一的转换到新模式上，自下而上进行全面的数据治理，包括组织层面、技术层面、业务层面，还包括软件层面整体的推进。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
中石化在子公司的数据与集团公司的打通上，设计了数据湖的三层架构。因为数据需求量很大，下属的生产企业需要建立数据湖；比如同一版块的30多家炼化企业，需要整合炼化板块的数据湖；集团级、决策层需要建立集团级的数据湖。将三层的数据湖打通，以板块级数据湖作为核心，既解决我们生产应用问题，也解决我们数据资产的管理问题。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
刘晶：在数据治理的过程中有什么困难和难点？
李剑峰：从原来的IT建设模式转到现有新模式，最大的转变就是数据治理的转变。早期系统开发的数据是自己收集自己使用，因为不同系统之间的数据标准不一致，这就造成数据无法共享。现在要求全集团统一标准、统一规范、统一流程去做数据治理。这个统一的过程在认识层面、工具层面、组织层面都有着巨大难度。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
刘晶：目前中石化的数据治理在第几个阶段？要达成一个什么样的目标呢？数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
李剑峰：有个说法叫做“行驶的车上换轮胎”，就是传统的生产建设、信息化建设不能停，又要推新的模式，新老模式的交替融合的阶段，目前可称为第二个阶段，我们正处在两者交替之中。希望第三个阶段能实现完全基于数据湖的、基于新模式的建设。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
刘晶：中石化在规划统一的国产数据库应用上的进展是怎样的？以及国产数据库在应用使用的标准是什么？数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
李剑峰：我们目前用的都是相对比较传统的Oracle、SQL Sever的数据库。一方面，由于之前数据应用的层次比较浅，主要以结构化数据为主，数据类型相对单一。现在数据应用的层次更深更广，数据类型就更多，那么对数据库提出了新的要求。另一方面大家知道中美竞争对国产化软件的应用替代也提出了新的要求。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
在双重因素叠加下，中石化正在尝试替换国产数据库。现下国产数据库众多，试用阶段我们是从国内领先的数据库厂商入手，数据库作为关键指标，其稳定性、兼容性、易用性，包括性价比都是非常关键的因素。特别是现在数据迁移工作要考虑对老的数据库的兼容，从而减少迁移的工作量。
中石化在建设大集中的实体卡系统项目上，通过“数据+平台+应用”的架构设计，我们将现有实体卡系统从分省运维的多套单体数据库，统一集中到一套OceanBase分布式数据库集群中，充分利用OceanBase分布式数据库多租户、线性扩展的能力，将23套分散系统运维降低至1套数据库当中，大幅度降低软硬件和运维成本，它在成熟度、稳定性和实时性上都表现的不错，目前对外支撑全国近3万多个加油站的加油卡业务，对内支持交易流水由“天”级降低到“秒”级，基本上满足我们实现一体化班日结和报表需求，有力推进中石化生活综合服务商战略转型。我们也希望国内企业能够研发和推出包括操作系统、数据库，包括中间件，甚至是我们的基础软件应用软件，推出更多更好的产品来服务我们传统企业。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
刘晶：请您谈一谈在企业数字化转型方面中石化做了哪些亮点工作？
李剑峰：在数字化转型方面，中石化的转型是走的比较靠前的。我们应用了比较完整的逻辑推进数字化转型，从理解数字化转型入手，进行了整体数字化转型规划，先将中石化上、中、下游的所有业务打通，再规划出19个业务域，寻找每个业务域能够带来价值的转型方向后，再定义每个业务域的转型任务，在此基础上匹配相应的数字技术，用数字技术来推进转型。因为中石化的产业链较长，在具体操作中先从比较容易见效、快速见效的地方入手做出示范再全面地推开。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
因为有基础，中石化在新业态上做的相对不错，比如将传统销售模式（线下订单、配送，化工品、炼油产品销售等）进行了线上迁移，更先进的是中石化已经开始尝试使用数字人民币，用区块链去推进销售，现在已经取得了比较良好的效果。
刘晶：中石化数字化转型的总体目标是什么？
李剑峰：从企业来讲，首先要推进新经济，传统企业一定是顺应新经济作出相应转型和变革。另外就是“双碳”压力，国家已有有明确的“碳达峰”和“碳中和”目标，中石化作为传统能源企业，碳排放压力非常大。所以，数字经济为企业数字化转型提供了一个非常好的解决路径，这对我们来说既是动力也是目标，照着这个目标去推进。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
前期我们在中石化的下属单位做了很多试点，现在我们正在进行集团级的统一规划。我们希望把集团的所有数据资产放在同一个篮子里统一管理，只有积累的数据量足够大，它们的价值才更大。如果这么大量的数据要放到同一个平台，必须标准是统一的，这是一个很重要的工作。
刘晶：目前中石化对不同渠道采集出的数据是如何进行集中管理的？ 数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
李剑峰：刚才提到，中石化上、中、下游各个不同类型企业，包括销售企业，这些不同企业的应用系统建设时间不同、项目方不同，导致数据类型很复杂。虽然在数字化的初级阶段数据的类型和格式都比较单一，基本上都以结构化数据为主。但是大数据时代，各种各样的数据类型激增，数据类型也非常多比如视频数据，油库和石油管网的管理数据，设备的管理又会需要很多实时数据，这也是为什么我们使用OceanBase的原因，我们希望可以把所有的数据都放在一个统一的数据体系里进行管理，这样才能支撑大数据的具体应用。大数据应用就是把各种数据在集中同一个平台上应用处理，这是未来数据的发展方向。
刚才提到了湖化，在智能数据采集平台与其它渠道的数据打通和共享上，形成一个湖。第一，在同样的数据标准、业务流程、质量标准以及安全标准下，将它们融合在一起。第二步，服务的标准化，做到让数据服务。比如说大数据分析、财务报表，可以提供标准的数据。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
实时数据的使用越来越多，根本原因是在对决策的实时性要求越来越高。比如7月上线的“智能决策中心”，整个中石化上百家的企业可以实时看到它的运行情况，可以计算出的初步盈利情况，包括每把加油枪当下所处的状态，加多少油都可实时查看，这是对实时性的要求，这也是时代发展的需求，只有实时准确的数据采集，才能帮助我们的决策层做好决策。
刘晶：中石化如何实现“以客户为中心”的升级创新?
李剑峰：数字化转型里面的重要方向是面向用户，需要把用户的真正需求纳入整个决策和生产过程，这也是大数据应用最多最充分的地方。数据的实时获取和实时分析应用实现一体化。需要与市场相结合，根据市场价位来随时调整产品线，以更能够满足市场需要，企业都是以盈利为目标。数据治理本身难度很大，治理之后的数据资产化和产业化，把数据变成能够带来价值的东西，这个应用和挖掘实际上是一个持续的，和市场密切结合，随着市场变化要不断调整的一个过程。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
刘晶：请您谈一谈数字新基建助力能源行业发展的未来展望和趋势的判断。
李剑峰：中石化作为传统能源企业，在“双碳”压力下，转型工作面临着诸多挑战。传统产业在向其他新的能源转型中，都需由数字化技术提供创新高质量支撑，这也对新基建，特别是对国产的软件产品、ICT产品提出了更高要求。
比如现在大热的“元宇宙”，我们也在打造工业元宇宙方面进行了思考，在能源安全的国家战略的背景下，保证企业较好的盈利和运营，从而进行良好的数字化转型。在下一步推进新基建的方向上，我们更多的是国产技术的采用。前段时间习总书记到胜利油田视察工作，做了很多重要指示，我们公司上下备受鼓舞，也让传统产业的发展更有信心，传统产业在数字化应用的国产化替代方向进了一大步。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
翻译：数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Abstract: CIO era, new infrastructure innovation research institute and OceanBase jointly launched “force digital new infrastructure tamping the transformation of the new foundation” CIO era meeting room series interview. Through analysis of representative cases, mining industry pain points and solutions, grasp the development trend of the industry. In this period, Li Jianfeng, chief expert of informatization and digitization of Sinopec, sat in the guest reception room and discussed with the host the application and practice of the innovative development of digital new infrastructure.
Key words: Digital transformation, Sinopec, CIO era, Li Jianfeng
In 2020, the country put forward the strategy of “New Infrastructure”. 数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
As an important part of “new infrastructure”, digital infrastructure construction is the core and cornerstone of new infrastructure to support the development of future digital economy and society. With the acceleration of 5G and artificial intelligence technology, data will flow more efficiently and exert greater value. It is urgent to build digital infrastructure that can carry data running at a higher speed, thus consolidating the foundation of digital transformation of enterprises and promoting the development of various industries towards the direction of digitalization and intelligence.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Sinopec Smart gas Station is the latest practice of applying high-tech technologies such as big data and cloud computing in gas stations. Through the architecture design concept of “data + platform + application” enabled by OceanBase, the entity card system in large collection is built, which solves the problem that the original fuel card system cannot adapt to the Internet customer marketing service experience and model innovation. The new generation of intelligent gas station based on new infrastructure technology has promoted the transformation strategy of Sinopec’s comprehensive service provider for life.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
CIO era, new infrastructure innovation research institute and OceanBase jointly launched the “force digital new infrastructure tamping the new foundation of transformation” CIO era meeting room series interview. Through analysis of representative cases, mining industry pain points and solutions, grasp the development trend of the industry. In this period, Li Jianfeng, chief expert of informatization and digitization of Sinopec, sat in the guest reception room and discussed with the host the application and practice of the innovative development of digital new infrastructure.
The following is based on the interview.
Liu Jing: Could you talk about the importance of selecting key infrastructure software for large energy companies? What are the main concerns?
Li Jianfeng: This question is very critical. According to our statistics, the core software, including the underlying operating system, database and other key application software, accounts for a very high proportion of foreign imports, and some fields are basically foreign software. Therefore, the R&D and development of independent property rights have great challenges for us to participate in international competition.
From the perspective of enterprise cost, the cost introduced in the previous application field is definitely lower than that of independent research and development, such as the overall optimization of oil refining and chemical industry, because the use efficiency is better, the common use of foreign software, in the long run, the lack of the cultivation of research and development force in this aspect. In the face of market competition, the demand has become more urgent. Therefore, from the perspective of demand and in terms of the degree of urgency, the limited capacity needs to be placed in the most critical places for strategic deployment.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Sinopec’s research and development of basic software is divided into two levels: First, basic software is still mainly dependent on external forces, such as operating system, database, etc., also began to choose relatively mature domestic software, and cooperate with mature domestic manufacturers, such as the database software level chooses OceanBase enterprises; Second, investment in application software, such as oil field, oil refining and chemical industry, these applications are mainly self-research and development, and then integrate external forces, so as to form a joint force for development.
Liu Jing: What is the size of Sinopec’s R&D team?
Li Jianfeng: Sinopec’s R&D team is still very strong. At the professional level, Sinopec has eight headquarters level research institutes, and many of our subsidiaries also have research institutes, which have strong professional research and development ability. We also have IT teams at many levels, such as headquarters, and existing IT departments. Now we are digging and integrating the internal strength of the group to form our own professional research and development team.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Liu Jing: What has Sinopec done in terms of data governance?
Li Jianfeng: Sinopec is actively promoting a major project is “IT new model construction”. In recent years, we have found that IT is difficult to support the digital transformation in the traditional way of IT construction, so we put forward a new model of “data + platform + application”, in which data takes the first place. Before that, data governance had not been formed and could only be counted as data collection or data application, without considering the overall management of data at the asset level. Now we have started the data governance at the whole group level, transforming the original traditional construction methods to the new model in a unified way, and carrying out comprehensive data governance from the bottom up, including the overall promotion at the organizational level, the technical level, the business level and the software level.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Sinopec designed the three-layer structure of the data lake on the basis of the connection between the subsidiary company’s data and the group company. Because of the great demand for data, subordinate production enterprises need to establish a data lake; For example, more than 30 refining and chemical enterprises in the same section need to integrate the data lake of the refining and chemical plate; Group level and decision level need to establish group level data lake. By connecting the three-layer data lake and taking the plate level data lake as the core, we can not only solve the problem of production and application, but also solve the problem of management of our data assets.
Liu Jing: What are the difficulties and difficulties in the process of data governance?
Li Jianfeng: From the original IT construction mode to the existing new mode, the biggest change is the change of data governance. The data of early system development was collected and used by ourselves, because the data standards of different systems were inconsistent, which resulted in data sharing. Now the whole group is required to unify standards, norms and processes for data governance. This unified process has great difficulty in cognition level, tool level and organization level.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Liu Jing: What is the current stage of Sinopec’s data governance? What is the goal to achieve?
Li Jianfeng: There is a saying called “changing the tire while the car is moving”, which means that the traditional production construction and information construction cannot be stopped, but a new model should be introduced. At present, it can be called the second stage of the integration of the new and old models. We are in the middle of the alternation between the two. It is hoped that the third stage can realize the construction based on the data lake and the new mode.
Liu Jing: What is Sinopec’s progress in planning a unified domestic database application? And what is the standard used in the application of domestic database?
Li Jianfeng: At present, we are using relatively traditional Oracle, SQL Sever database. On the one hand, because the previous data application level is relatively shallow, mainly structured data, data type is relatively single. Now the level of data application deeper and wider, more data types, so put forward new requirements for the database. On the other hand, we all know that the competition between China and the United States has put forward new requirements for the application replacement of domestic software.
Under the combination of these two factors, Sinopec is trying to replace the domestic database. At present, there are a large number of domestic databases. In the trial phase, we start from the leading domestic database manufacturers. As a key indicator, database stability, compatibility, ease of use, including cost performance are all key factors. Especially now the data migration work to consider the compatibility of the old database, so as to reduce the workload of migration.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
At present, it supports the fuel card business of nearly 30,000 gas stations nationwide externally, and the transaction flow of internal support is reduced from “days” to “seconds”.
In the project of building a large-scale entity card system, Sinopec has unified the existing entity card system from multiple sets of single databases operated and maintained in different provinces into a set of OceanBase distributed database cluster through the architecture design of “data + platform + application”, making full use of the multi-tenant and linear expansion capability of OceanBase distributed database. The operation and maintenance of 23 decentralized systems is reduced to one set of database, greatly reducing the cost of hardware and software and operation and maintenance. It performs well in maturity, stability and real-time performance.
At present, it supports the fuel card business of nearly 30,000 gas stations nationwide externally, and the transaction flow of internal support is reduced from “days” to “seconds”. Basically meet our needs to achieve integrated daily settlement and reporting, and effectively promote the strategic transformation of Sinopec life integrated service provider. We also hope that domestic enterprises can develop and launch operating systems, databases, middleware, and even our basic software applications, so as to launch more and better products to serve our traditional enterprises.
Liu Jing: Could you talk about what Sinopec has done in terms of enterprise digital transformation?数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Li Jianfeng: Sinopec is a pioneer in digital transformation. We applied a relatively complete logic to promote digital transformation. Starting from the understanding of digital transformation, we carried out the overall digital transformation planning. We first connected all the upper, middle and downstream businesses of Sinopec, and then planned out 19 business domains. On the basis of matching the corresponding digital technology, with digital technology to promote the transformation. Because Sinopec has a long industrial chain, in the concrete operation, we should start from the places that are easy to get results and quick to get results, and then comprehensively promote it.
Due to its foundation, Sinopec has done relatively well in new business forms, such as online migration of traditional sales modes (offline orders, distribution, sales of chemicals and oil refining products, etc.). What’s more advanced is that Sinopec has tried to use digital RMB and blockchain to promote sales, which has achieved relatively good results.
Liu Jing: What is the overall goal of Sinopec’s digital transformation?数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Li Jianfeng: From the perspective of enterprises, the first thing is to promote the new economy. Traditional enterprises must adapt to the new economy and make corresponding transformation and reform. In addition, there is “dual carbon” pressure. The country has already set clear targets of “carbon peak” and “carbon neutrality”. As a traditional energy enterprise, Sinopec faces great pressure on carbon emission. Therefore, the digital economy provides a very good solution for the digital transformation of enterprises, which is both a driving force and a goal for us to push forward according to this goal.
We have done a lot of pilot work in subordinate units of Sinopec in the early stage. And now we are carrying out unified planning at the group level. We want all of the group’s data assets to be managed in a single basket. And their value will only be greater if they accumulate enough data. If such a large amount of data is to be put on the same platform. The standards must be uniform, which is a very important job.
Liu Jing: How does Sinopec centralize the management of data collected from different channels?数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Li Jianfeng: As mentioned just now, Sinopec’s upper, middle and downstream enterprises. Including sales enterprises, have different application system construction times and different project parties. Leading to complicated data types. Although in the initial stage of digitization. The type and format of data are relatively simple, basically are mainly structured data. However, in the era of big data, a variety of data types surge and there are a lot of data types. Such as video data, oil depot and oil pipe network management data. And equipment management requires a lot of real-time data, which is why we use OceanBase. We hope to put all the data in a unified data system for management. Only in this way can we support the concrete application of big data. Big data application is the centralized application of all kinds of data on the same platform. Which is the future direction of data development.
Just mentioned lakeization, forming a lake on the connection and sharing of data between intelligent data acquisition platform and other channels.
First, fuse them together under the same data standards, business processes, quality standards, and security standards. The second step, the standardization of services, so that data services. For example, big data analysis, financial statements, can provide standard data.
The fundamental reason for the increasing use of real-time data is that the requirement of real-time decision making is higher and higher. For example, the “Intelligent Decision Center” launched in July allows hundreds of Sinopec enterprises to see its operation in real time and calculate the initial profit situation. Including the current status of each fuel gun and the amount of fuel added in real time. This is the requirement for real-time performance, which is also the demand of the development of The Times. Only real-time and accurate data collection can be achieved. To help our decision makers make good decisions.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Liu Jing: How does Sinopec achieve “customer-centric” upgrading and innovation?
Li Jianfeng: The important direction of digital transformation is user-oriented. Which needs to incorporate the real needs of users into the whole decision-making and production process. This is where big data is most fully applied. Real-time data acquisition and real-time analysis are integrated. Need to combine with the market, according to the market price to adjust the product line at any time. In order to better meet the needs of the market, the enterprise is to profit as the goal. Data governance itself is very difficult, after the governance of the data assets and industrialization. The data into something that can bring value, this application and mining is actually a continuous. Closely combined with the market, with market changes to constantly adjust a process.
Liu Jing: Please talk about the future outlook and trend judgment of the new digital infrastructure to help the development of the energy industry.
Li Jianfeng: As a traditional energy enterprise, Sinopec faces many challenges in its transformation under the pressure of “dual carbon”. In the transformation of traditional industries to other new energy sources. Digital technologies are required to provide innovative and high-quality support. Which also puts forward higher requirements for new infrastructure, especially for domestic software products and ICT products.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
For example, in the current hot “meta-universe”. We have also been thinking about the creation of industrial meta-universe. In the context of the national strategy of energy security, to ensure better profits and operation of enterprises. So as to carry out a good digital transformation. In the next step to promote new infrastructure, we will use more domestic technology.
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