进入新世纪后，越来越多的中国企业面临三个难题：
第一个难题，设备维护成本不断攀升。上世纪末的高速发展后，中国工业很多设备已进入故障高发期，维护成本不断攀升。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
第二个难题，资产利用率不断降低。在进入新世纪后，越来越多的中国企业意识到设备管理不善时，容易造成企业制造资源与设备资产资源之间产生生产排程困难、物料供应控制缺失、产品提供能力紧张等冲突现象，而这些现象往往会导致更多的设备维护和运行成本产生及资产利用率降低。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
第三个难题，更新设备无法解决企业竞争力问题。随着全球性竞争等外部环境的巨大变化，若只一味的依靠更新设备的方式，对于企业来说既意味着代价巨大的投资，同时过去降低企业管理费用的设备维护方法无法适应新的要求。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
中国企业在设备管理上使用系统最早开始于上世纪八十年代中期，历经了初期的CMMS(计算机化的维护维修系统，Computerized Maintenance Management Systems) 到最近兴起的EAM (企业设备资产管理系统，Enterprise Asset Management)的一个不断深入的过程。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
1996年及以前数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
企业所使用的设备管理信息系统，定位于设备管理的辅助性工具，主要以静态信息处理为特征，以计算机化的维护维修功能为主。1992年以后，国外的设备管理软件开始进入中国，并以预防维修为管理的主要功能。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
1997年起
设备管理信息化的发展进入网络化动态信息处理阶段，主要的特征是基于网络通信技术实现了信息处理的动态化。这个阶段的主要问题是，在急剧变化的经济环境影响下，特别是新设备、先进生产线和工艺的引进，直接冲击着传统的设备管理模式，中国企业的设备管理呈现一种不确定状态，因此，这一阶段中国境内出现的十多种设备管理软件产品，都由于系统管理模式的不确定而未能很好地解决符合企业管理实际这一重要问题。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
2022年起
自2002年开始进入EAM阶段，并按两个方向进行。一是以服务于国有企业为主的本土化技术服务商，按设备综合工程学和全寿命周期管理理论，采取面向工作流程的设计方法，通过导入先进的管理思想与管理方法，为企业建立以工作管理和业务过程控制为主的设备资产管理系统(EAM)。另一个方向是以服务于合资、外资企业为主的国外软件公司，尽管也以EAM为核心概念，但系统提供的功能主要还是以预防维修管理和工单式业务驱动为主，且用户多集中于具有外资背景的跨国制造企业。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
翻译：
After entering the new century, more and more Chinese enterprises are facing three problems:
The first problem is the rising cost of equipment maintenance. After the rapid development at the end of the last century, many equipment in China’s industry has entered a period of high failure, and maintenance costs are rising. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
The second problem is declining asset utilization. After entering the new century, more and more Chinese enterprises realize that poor equipment management is easy to cause production scheduling difficulties between manufacturing resources and equipment asset resources, lack of material supply control, product supply capacity tension and other conflicts, and these phenomena often lead to more equipment maintenance and operation costs and reduced asset utilization. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
The third problem, updating equipment can not solve the problem of enterprise competitiveness. With the great changes in the external environment such as global competition, if only blindly relying on the way to update equipment, it means a huge investment for enterprises, and the equipment maintenance methods that have reduced the management costs of enterprises in the past can not adapt to the new requirements. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
The use of equipment Management Systems in Chinese enterprises first began in the mid-1980s, and went from the initial CMMS(Computerized Maintenance Management Systems) to the recent EAM (Enterprise Equipment Asset Management Systems). Enterprise Asset Management is an ever-deepening process. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
1996 and beforeszhzxw.cn
The equipment management information system used by enterprises is positioned as an auxiliary tool for equipment management, mainly characterized by static information processing and mainly based on computerized maintenance and repair functions. After 1992, foreign equipment management software began to enter China, and preventive maintenance as the main function of management. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
Since 1997
The development of equipment management information has entered the stage of networked dynamic information processing, which is mainly characterized by realizing dynamic information processing based on network communication technology. The main problem at this stage is that under the influence of the rapidly changing economic environment, especially the introduction of new equipment, advanced production lines and processes, directly impacts the traditional equipment management mode, and the equipment management of Chinese enterprises presents an uncertain state. Therefore, more than 10 kinds of equipment management software products appearing in China during this stage are listed as follows: Because of the uncertainty of the system management mode, it fails to solve the important problem that conforms to the practice of enterprise management. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
From 2022
The EAM phase began in 2002 and proceeded in two directions. The first is to serve state-owned enterprises based on the localization of technical service providers, according to the integrated equipment engineering and life cycle management theory, adopt the workflow-oriented design method, through the introduction of advanced management ideas and management methods, for enterprises to establish work management and business process control based equipment asset management system (EAM). The other direction is to serve foreign software companies based on joint ventures and foreign-funded enterprises. Although EAM is also the core concept, the functions provided by the system are mainly based on preventive maintenance management and work order business driving, and the users are mostly concentrated in multinational manufacturing enterprises with foreign-funded background. Digital transformation network szhzxw.cn
