在数字化不断推进的时代，灯塔工厂作为全球制造行业数字化转型和智能工厂建设标杆工厂，被频频提及。随着青岛海尔冰箱互联工厂、宁德时代、西部数据等11家工厂的成功入选，中国的灯塔工厂增至42家。一家工厂到底拥有什么才能称得上灯塔工厂？要想彻底搞懂灯塔工厂，我们还得先认识一下灯塔。
一、你是我前行的灯塔
公元前283年，那时埃及还在托勒密二世统治时期，索菲特拉特设计并主导建设了亚历山大灯塔，塔高约130米，后经两次地震摧毁，如今已荡然无存。这也是有史以来，关于灯塔的最早纪录。
古代的灯塔以火作为光源，并在火源后方安装镜子，底部有动力设计，通过驱动发条是镜子匀速转动，将光源投送到各个方向。之后，光源也经过阿尔冈灯、电灯时代，光源更加稳定，而投射装置也经历镜子、凸透镜、菲涅尔透镜的变换，使光投射的更加聚焦。
这就是灯塔的历史。作为海洋中最古老、最重要的灯光设备之一，灯塔不仅用来帮助船只避开危险、纠正航向，还有着更为深刻的象征意义，比喻一种希望和坚定的信念。在面临困境时，我们都需要类似灯塔的力量来指引自己前进，克服千难万险，到达成功的岸边。 数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
正是灯塔这一引申意义，使得灯塔作为一种精神力量，频频出现于文学作品之中，比如：英国作家维吉尼亚·伍尔芙的《到灯塔去》、苏格兰小说家罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森(Robert Louis Stevenson)的《金银岛》、英国风景画家威廉·特纳1819年绘制的“暴风雨中的贝尔灯塔”……
二、将灯塔精神用在智能制造
在2018年世界经济论坛与麦肯锡公司联合推出的“全球灯塔计划”，制造寻找制造行业数字化转型的模式，至今仍被认为是第四次工业革命的领跑者。从彼时开始，代表全球制造行业数字化转型和智能工厂建设标杆的“灯塔”工厂不断涌现，引领制造业数字化转型方向。
数据显示，截至2023年1月，全球共有132家“灯塔工厂”，其中13家“可持续灯塔工厂”，共部署142个用例。这些灯塔工厂利用新兴数字技术，在业务流程、财务、管理系统、工业互联网、可持续性等指标上实现了两位数的提升。据悉，中国有42家灯塔工厂，其总量也位列世界第一。
目前，灯塔工厂模式有3个方向。作为重要方向之一，单个工厂的数字化转型主要关注工厂中的数字化装配、加工、维护、绩效管理、质量管理和可持续发展，通过5G、AI、大数据等数字技术与制造业融合，实现数字化、智能化转型。 数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
端到端价值链创新也是方向之一，这个方向主要关注供应网络、产品开发、计划、交付和客户连接。这其中，大多数通过部署可扩展的数字化平台，实现企业与用户资源、供应商资源的端到端连接。最后是可持续发展模式，其关注绿色和“双碳”，通过数字化转型，减少资源消耗、废物和碳排放，践行可持续发展承诺，提高运营竞争力。
在笔者看来，灯塔工厂不仅是对领先者的表彰，更是一面镜子，反映出哪些生产方法能够成为推动全球经济增长的新动力。通过运用前瞻性的思维方式来部署新科技，我们可以将制造业的效率提升到一个全新的高度。 数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
三、灯塔工厂引领航向
面对数智化挑战，灯塔工厂通过改变制造行业价值链的各个环节，持续推进精益改善，在设备数据采集和车间联网的基础上实现工厂运营的透明化，通过数据洞察驱动企业的业务运营和决策，开发智能互联创新产品，推广预测性维修服务，探索新的商业模式。可以说，灯塔工厂为制造企业的转型升级树立了榜样。
严格意义来讲，在过去数年里，全球领先的灯塔工厂在持续探索的路上，为制造业企业留下许多具有指导意义的规模化航标，同时也为智能工厂的后起之秀提供了宝贵的经验。这些灯塔工厂一直是指引方向、照亮航线的重要航标。在寻求发展过程中，灯塔工厂也面临诸多挑战，然而凭借其创新的精神实现成功，也为后来者提供丰富的经验与教训。
同时，这些非灯塔工厂可以选择探索自己的道路，也可以采取更为明智的追求灯塔工厂的策略：
首先，应该制定明确的战略，灯塔工厂的经验表明，数字化转型必须从客户价值出发进行设计，并紧密贴合企业的整体业务战略。其次，投入人力等相关资源，加入没有适当的资源，转型将耗尽动力。最后是建立良好的治理架构，假如没有有效的价值保证、良好的治理和执行力，企业就无法实现所追求的价值或产生实质性的影响。 数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
随着越来越多的企业加速数字化转型，中国的灯塔工厂正积极与全球制造行业分享实践中积累的新技术、新模式、新业态，为传统企业的数字化、智能化转型提供了一条切实可行的路径，助力企业实现从工厂到标杆的转型。这些灯塔工厂所积累的经验和成果，正在为全球制造业的发展注入新的动力。
写在最后
以5G、物联网、人工智能为代表的数字化、智能化技术，正逐步推动制造业的数字化转型步伐。工业4.0的智能制造模式日益凸显，制造业的数字化转型发展正当时。为了实现整体数字化转型和智能化升级，中国制造业需要大量装备、软件、系统集成和系统升级的支撑产业。
在这个过程中，灯塔工厂对中国制造企业从制造走向智造起到了引领作用，代表着制造业数字化转型的趋势和新标准。在笔者看来，积极借鉴“灯塔工厂”的建设经验，对助力我国制造型企业全面数字化转型提升具有重要的意义。这些经验不仅可以帮助企业提高生产效率、降低成本，还可以帮助企业实现创新发展，提升市场竞争力。 数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
翻译：
What the hell is a lighthouse factory? Read the second understand!
In the era of continuous digitalization, Lighthouse factory is frequently mentioned as a benchmark factory for digital transformation and smart factory construction in the global manufacturing industry. With the successful selection of 11 factories such as Qingdao Haier Refrigerator Interconnection Factory, Ningde Times, and Western Digital, the number of lighthouse factories in China has increased to 42. What exactly does a factory have that qualifies as a lighthouse factory? To fully understand the lighthouse factory, we need to know about lighthouses. 数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
You are my beacon
In 283 BC, when Egypt was still in the reign of Ptolemy II, Sofitrath designed and led the construction of the lighthouse of Alexandria, a tower about 130 meters high, which was destroyed by two earthquakes and is now nothing. This is also the earliest record of a lighthouse ever recorded.
Ancient lighthouses used fire as a light source, and installed mirrors behind the fire source, and the bottom of the power design, through the drive spring is a constant speed of the mirror rotation, the light source is sent to all directions. After that, the light source also passed through the era of Algonne lamp and electric lamp, the light source was more stable, and the projection device also underwent the transformation of mirror, convex lens, Fresnel lens, so that the light projection was more focused.
This is the history of lighthouses. As one of the oldest and most important lighting devices in the ocean, lighthouses are not only used to help ships avoid danger and correct their course, but also have a deeper symbolic meaning, a metaphor of hope and strong faith. In the face of difficulties, we all need the strength of a lighthouse to guide us forward, overcome difficulties and reach the shore of success.
It is the extended meaning of lighthouse that makes lighthouse, as a spiritual force, frequently appear in literary works, such as: English writer Virginia Woolf’s “To the Lighthouse,” Scottish novelist Robert Louis Stevenson’s “Treasure Island,” British landscape painter William Turner’s 1819 painting of “Bell Lighthouse in the Storm.” 数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
Use the lighthouse spirit in intelligent manufacturing
The “Global Beacon Program” jointly launched by the World Economic Forum and McKinsey & Company in 2018, Manufacturing seeks a model for the digital transformation of the manufacturing industry, which is still considered to be the frontrunner of the fourth Industrial Revolution. Since then, the “lighthouse” factories representing the digital transformation of the global manufacturing industry and the benchmark of smart factory construction have continued to emerge, leading the direction of the digital transformation of the manufacturing industry.
According to the data, as of January 2023, there are 132 “lighthouse factories” in the world, including 13 “sustainable lighthouse factories” with a total of 142 use cases deployed. These lighthouse factories have leveraged emerging digital technologies to achieve double-digit improvements in business processes, finance, management systems, industrial Internet, sustainability and other metrics. It is reported that China has 42 lighthouse factories, and its total number also ranks first in the world.
Currently, the Lighthouse factory model has three directions. As one of the important directions, the digital transformation of a single factory mainly focuses on the digital assembly, processing, maintenance, performance management, quality management and sustainable development in the factory, and realizes the digital and intelligent transformation through the integration of 5G, AI, big data and other digital technologies with the manufacturing industry. 数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
End-to-end value chain innovation is also a direction that focuses on supply networks, product development, planning, delivery, and customer connectivity. Most of these are achieved through the deployment of scalable digital platforms to achieve end-to-end connections between enterprises and user resources and supplier resources. Finally, there is the sustainable development model, which focuses on green and “dual carbon”, reducing resource consumption, waste and carbon emissions through digital transformation, fulfilling sustainable development commitments and improving operational competitiveness.
In my opinion, the Lighthouse Factory is not only a recognition of the leaders, but also a mirror that reflects which production methods can become a new driver of global economic growth. By applying a forward-thinking approach to deploying new technologies, we can take manufacturing to a whole new level of efficiency. 数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
Third, the lighthouse factory leads the course
Faced with the challenges of digital intelligence, Lighthouse Factory continues to promote lean improvement by changing all aspects of the manufacturing value chain, realizes the transparency of factory operations on the basis of equipment data collection and workshop networking, drives the business operations and decisions of enterprises through data insights, develops intelligent and connected innovative products, promotes predictive maintenance services, and explores new business models. It can be said that the lighthouse factory has set an example for the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing enterprises. 数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
Strictly speaking, in the past few years, the world’s leading lighthouse factories have been on the road to continuous exploration, leaving many large-scale navigational beacons with guiding significance for manufacturing enterprises, and also providing valuable experience for the rising stars of smart factories. These lighthouse factories have always been important beacons to guide the way and illuminate the course. In the process of seeking development, the lighthouse factory also faces many challenges, but with its innovative spirit to achieve success, but also for the future to provide rich experience and lessons.
In the meantime, these non-lighthouse factories can choose to explore their own path, or they can adopt a more intelligent strategy of pursuing lighthouse factories: 数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
First, a clear strategy should be developed, and the Lighthouse factory experience shows that digital transformation must be designed with customer value in mind and closely aligned with the overall business strategy of the enterprise. Secondly, invest human resources and other related resources, adding that without appropriate resources, the transformation will run out of power. The last is to establish a good governance structure, if there is no effective value assurance, good governance and execution, the enterprise will not be able to achieve the value pursued or have a substantial impact.
As more and more enterprises accelerate their digital transformation, China’s lighthouse factories are actively sharing the new technologies, new models and new formats accumulated in practice with the global manufacturing industry, providing a practical path for the digital and intelligent transformation of traditional enterprises, and helping enterprises realize the transformation from factory to benchmark. The experience and results accumulated by these lighthouse factories are injecting new impetus into the development of global manufacturing. 数字化转型网www.szhzxw.cn
Write at the end
Digital and intelligent technologies represented by 5G, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence are gradually promoting the pace of digital transformation in the manufacturing industry. The intelligent manufacturing model of Industry 4.0 is becoming increasingly prominent, and the digital transformation of manufacturing industry is developing at the right time. In order to achieve overall digital transformation and intelligent upgrading, China’s manufacturing industry needs a large number of supporting industries for equipment, software, system integration and system upgrading.
In this process, the Lighthouse factory has played a leading role in China’s manufacturing enterprises from manufacturing to intelligent manufacturing, representing the trend and new standards of digital transformation in manufacturing. In the author’s opinion, actively learning from the construction experience of “lighthouse factory” is of great significance to help the comprehensive digital transformation promotion of manufacturing enterprises in our country. These experiences can not only help enterprises improve production efficiency and reduce costs, but also help enterprises achieve innovative development and enhance market competitiveness.
本文由数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）转载而成，来源于灯塔工厂；编辑/翻译：数字化转型网宁檬树。
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