在政策端对数字中国产业的支持背景下，ERP作为重要组成部分，预计国内以大型央国企为首的企业体系迎来ERP支出快速放量。
近日，华为创始人任正非在在深圳坂田总部举办的“难题揭榜”火花奖颁奖典礼上，提到了华为自研的MetaERP系统，引发“华为进军ERP市场” 的猜想。
出于对华为进场抢蛋糕的担忧，一时间，行业龙头用友网络以及金蝶国际纷纷遭遇大跌。虽然很快华为做了澄清，华为MetaERP管理系统仅供内部使用，“进军C”系误读，但也让相对冷门的ERP行业走向前台。
ERP是信创软件的重要组成部分，支撑和运行着企业的核心数据，直接关系到国家安全和企业安全。
自2022年以来，政府明确要求央国企要在限定时间内完成对非自主可控ERP的国产化替代。2023年3月3日，国资委再次发文《国有企业对标世界一流企业价值创造行动》，预计相关政策将进一步加强央国企在企业信息化建设的力度的节奏。
一、千亿市场
ERP系统是企业资源计划(Enterprise Resource Planning)的简称，是指建立在信息技术基础上，以系统化的管理思想，为企业决策层及员工提供决策运行手段的管理平台。可帮助企业实现先进的管理模式，对企业所拥有的人、财、物、客户、信息、时间和空间等综合资源进行综合平衡和优化管理，协调 企业内外各管理部门，围绕市场导向开展业务活动，提高企业的核心竞争力，从而取得最好的经济效益。
整个市场主要由软件商和实施商组成，其中软件商负责提供ERP软件，实施商需要为用户提供战略管理、企业运营以及IT技术等相关咨询服务。二者之间的关系基本以软件商为主导，实施商或由软件商直接担任，或由软件商指定进行捆绑服务，或者由客户另外招标。
《每日财报》统计到，2021年，全球ERP 软件市场规模约为448亿美元，市场空间极大。此外，2018年市场规模353亿美元，预计2026年可达664亿美元，年化增长率 达8.2%。中国ERP市场规模达385亿元人民币，约占据全球市场份额12.5%，其中从2016年至2021年年化增速达13.0%，远超全球平均增速。
2022年，软件公司全球收入为2296亿元，其中亚太区域软件收入约330亿元，假设国内收入占到亚太区域30%，即中国区销售软件授权收入为100 亿元。假设SAP占据国内高端ERP市场份额为30%，即国内高端ERP软件厂商市场空间为334亿元。国内软件和实施（包含咨询服务）的费用 一般是1:1.5-2，因此国内实施（包含咨询+服务）的市场空间约为501-668亿元。综合算下来，整体ERP市场空间约为1000亿元。
伴随着中国工业化进程加速以及信创国产化替代的必然趋势，国内ERP市场规模将持续高速增长，市场空间极大。
二、头部为王
由于ERP产品本身与各行各业的业务流程深度嵌入，因此前期在ERP国产化的推进过程中，深度覆盖不同细分行业的央国企客户的实施服务厂商参与程度可能逐步提升。
从目前的市场格局来看，根据《2021工业软件发展白皮书》数据，用友、金蝶、浪潮三家厂商占据较大国产ERP市场的份额。
用友网络是国内领先的企业云服务与软件提供商，通过构建和运行全球领先的商业创新平台——用友BIP，服务企业数智化转型和商业创新，致力于打造了集CPU、操作系统、数据库、平台服务、业务应用以及安全体系于一体的国产化一站式信创解决方案。据Gartner研究显示，公司是全球企业级应用软件（ERP）TOP10中唯一的亚太厂商，在全球ERP SaaS市场位居亚太区厂商排名第一。
公司客户既有国家电投、国家管网、三峡集团、鞍钢集团等中央企业，也有首钢集团、金隅集团、象屿集团等地方国资企业；也有海螺水泥、三一集团、中兴通讯、飞鹤乳业、宗申集团、雅戈尔等优秀民营企业。
金蝶国际拥有云苍穹、星空、星瀚等产品，深耕中小企业市场多年，凭借其市场地位，目前金蝶生态体系已覆盖超5000家伙伴，金蝶与战略合作伙伴在平台共研、产品集成及生态互惠等方面进行深度合作。
除了上述三家综合企业，也有不少的垂直领域的优秀企业。普联软件专注为大型集团提供企业管理软件的开发与服务，目前已形成“4+2”的超大型央企客户群，产品优势在石油石化、建筑地产行业极为明显，同时普联软件积极在多业务领域拓展客户，有效补充公司经营格局。在集团管控领域，普联软件拥有以“集团财务管理系统”、“集团资金管理系统”为核心的自主知识产权的集团管控软件产品，产品均基于公司统一的核心业务架构体系设计，构成了面向复杂架构的集团企业管理信息化解决方案。其中，集团财务管理系统是国内较早实现“全球一套账”模式的集团财务系统；集团资金管理系统提供完整的集 团资金集中管理解决方案，已成功应用于多家大型央企客户。
远光软件是电网ERP领军企业，是国内大型企业管理、能源互联和社会服务的信息技术、产品和服务提供商，公司控股股东为国家电网全资子公司国网数字科技控股有限公司。公司专注大型集团企业管理信息化逾30年，以信息技术和能源技术为根本动力，围绕数字企业、智慧能源、信创平台、社会互联四大领域进行布局，在能源电路行业企业管理软件领域长期处于领先地位。
汉得信息是央国企ERP核心咨询实施伙伴，公司2019、2020年营业收入与归母净利润面临负增长，处于阵痛期。2021年，公司营业收入为28.11亿元，同比增速为12.74%；公司归母净 利润为1.97亿元，同比增速为199.91%，阵痛期已过，公司有望迎来快速增长期。
近期《数字中国建设整体布局规划》指出，建设数字中国是数字时代推进中国式现代化的重要引擎，是构筑国家竞争新优势的有力支撑。中信证券在3月14日的研报中指出，在政策端对数字中国产业的支持背景下，ERP作为重要组成部分，预计国内以大型央国企为首的企业体系迎来ERP支出快速放量。
翻译：
Under the background of policy support for digital China industry, ERP, as an important part, is expected to usher in the rapid increase of ERP expenditure in the domestic enterprise system led by large state-owned enterprises.
Recently, Huawei founder Ren Zhengfei mentioned Huawei’s self-developed MetaERP system at the Spark Award ceremony of the “Puzzle List” held at the Sakata headquarters in Shenzhen, triggering the speculation that “Huawei enters the ERP market”.
Out of concern for Huawei’s approach to grab the cake, a time, the industry leader Yonyou Network and Kingdee International have suffered a sharp decline. Although Huawei soon made a clarification that Huawei MetaERP management system was only for internal use and “entering C” was a misunderstanding, it also brought the relatively unpopular ERP industry to the foreground.
ERP is an important part of Xinchuang software, which supports and runs the core data of the enterprise and is directly related to national security and enterprise security.
Since 2022, the government has explicitly required central soes to complete the localization replacement of non-autonomous and controllable ERP within a limited time. On March 3, 2023, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission issued another publication of the “State-owned enterprises against the world class enterprise value creation action”, it is expected that relevant policies will further strengthen the central state-owned enterprises in the pace of enterprise informatization construction.
One hundred billion market
ERP system, short for Enterprise Resource Planning, is a management platform based on information technology and based on systematic management ideas, which provides decision-making and operation means for enterprise decision makers and employees. It can help enterprises realize advanced management mode, carry out comprehensive balance and optimization management on the comprehensive resources such as human, financial, material, customer, information, time and space, coordinate the internal and external management departments of enterprises, carry out business activities around the market orientation, improve the core competitiveness of enterprises, so as to obtain the best economic benefits.
The whole market is mainly composed of software vendors and implementation vendors, among which software vendors are responsible for providing ERP software, and implementation vendors need to provide users with strategic management, business operation, IT technology and other related consulting services. The relationship between the two is basically dominated by the software vendor, and the implementation vendor is either directly acted by the software vendor, or designated by the software vendor for bundled services, or the client bids separately.
According to the statistics of “Daily Financial Report”, in 2021, the global ERP software market scale is about 44.8 billion dollars, and the market space is huge.
In addition, the market size was $35.3 billion in 2018 and is expected to reach $66.4 billion in 2026. With an annualized growth rate of 8.2%. China’s ERP market scale reached 38.5 billion yuan, accounting for 12.5% of the global market share. With an annual growth rate of 13.0% from 2016 to 2021, far higher than the global average growth rate.
In 2022, the global revenue of software companies is 229.6 billion yuan, among which the software revenue in the Asia-Pacific region is about 33 billion yuan. Assuming that the domestic revenue accounts for 30% of the Asia-Pacific region, that is. The revenue from software licensing sales in China is 10 billion yuan. Assume that SAP occupies 30% of the domestic high-end ERP market, that is. The market space of domestic high-end ERP software manufacturers is 33.4 billion yuan. The cost of domestic software and implementation (including consulting services) is generally 1:1.5-2. So the market space of domestic implementation (including consulting + services) is about 501- 66.8 billion yuan. After comprehensive calculation, the overall ERP market space is about 100 billion yuan.
With the acceleration of China’s industrialization process and the inevitable trend of the replacement of Xinchuang by localization. The scale of the domestic ERP market will continue to grow rapidly and the market space is huge.
Two, the head is king
Since ERP products are deeply embedded in the business processes of all walks of life. In the early stage of the promotion of ERP localization. The participation degree of implementation service manufacturers of central state-owned enterprise customers with in-depth coverage of different industry segments may gradually increase.
From the current market pattern, according to the data of 2021 Industrial Software Development White Paper, Yonyou, Kingdee and Inspur occupy a large share of domestic ERP market.
Yonyou Network is a leading enterprise cloud service and software provider in China. By building and running the world’s leading business innovation platform –. Yonyou BIP, Yonyou Network serves the intelligent transformation and business innovation of enterprises. And It is committed to creating a domestic one-stop innovation solution integrating CPU, operating system, database, platform service, business application and security system. According to Gartner research, the company is the only Asia Pacific enterprise application software (ERP) TOP10. In the global ERP SaaS market ranked the first in Asia Pacific vendors.
The company’s customers include central enterprises such as State Power Investment, State Pipeline Network. Three Gorges Group and Angang Group. As well as local state-owned enterprises such as Shougang Group, Jinyu Group and Xiangyu Group. There are also excellent private enterprises such as Conch Cement, Sany Group, ZTE, Feihe Dairy, Zongshen Group and Youngor.
Kingdee International owns products
Kingdee International owns products such as Cloud Cangdong, Starry Sky and Star Han. And has been deeply engaged in the market of small and medium enterprises for many years. With its market position, Kingdee ecological system has covered more than 5,000 partners. And Kingdee has conducted in-depth cooperation with strategic partners in platform co-research, product integration and ecological reciprocity.
In addition to the above three conglomerates, there are also many outstanding companies in vertical fields. Focusing on the development and service of enterprise management software for large groups. Pulinsoft has formed a “4+2” super-large central enterprise customer base. Its product advantages are extremely obvious in the petroleum and petrochemical industries and construction real estate industries. At the same time, Pulinsoft actively expands customers in multiple business fields to effectively supplement the company’s business structure.
In the field of group management and control, Pulunion has group management and control software products with independent intellectual property rights. With “Group financial management system” and “Group fund management system” as the core. The products are all designed based on the company’s unified core business architecture system. Forming a complex architecture-oriented group enterprise management information solution. Among them, the group financial management system is the earliest to realize the “global set of accounts” model of the group financial system; The Group funds management system provides a complete group funds centralized management solution, has been successfully applied to a number of large central enterprise customers.
It has long been in the leading position in the field of enterprise management software in the energy circuit industry.
Yuanguang Software is a leading enterprise in power grid ERP and a provider of information technology. Products and services for large domestic enterprises in management, energy interconnection and social services. The controlling shareholder of Yuanguang Software is State Grid Digital Technology Holding Co., LTD., a wholly-owned subsidiary of State Grid. The company has been focusing on the management informatization of large group enterprises for more than 30 years. With information technology and energy technology as the fundamental driving forc. The company focuses on the layout of digital enterprise, intelligent energy, information and innovation platform, and social interconnection. It has long been in the leading position in the field of enterprise management software in the energy circuit industry.
Hande Information is the central state-owned enterprise ERP core consulting implementation partner. The company in 2019 and 2020 operating revenue and net profit to the mother face negative growth, in a period of pain. In 2021, the company’s operating revenue was 2.811 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth rate of 12.74%. The net profit of the company was 197 million yuan, with a year-on-year growth rate of 199.91%. The pain period has passed, and the company is expected to usher in a period of rapid growth.
The recent Overall Layout Plan for the Construction of Digital China points out that the construction of digital China is an important engine for promoting Chinese-style modernization in the digital era and a strong support for building new competitive advantages of the country. Citic Securities pointed out in the research report on March 14 that ERP. As an important part of the policy support for the digital China industry. It is expected to usher in a rapid increase in ERP expenditure in the domestic enterprise system led by large state-owned enterprises.
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