据预测，到2024年超过65%的应用开发活动将以低代码模式进行，低代码开发模式在促进全员创新、生态融合、数字孪生等方面将迸发出巨大的发展潜力。本文以低代码赋能商业银行数字化转型为切入点，结合农业银行案例分析总结低代码应用现状，最后对于商业银行低代码应用前景进行展望并提出建议。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
中国农业银行网络金融部副总经理罗爱华
一、低代码助力银行数字化转型数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
低代码开发作为一种现代化的应用程序开发模式,具有模型驱动、可视引导、自助开发、开放集成等特点。它的出现，为处于数字化转型大潮中的商业银行，提供了“快、准、省、易”的弯道超车工具。
1. 快——实现市场敏捷响应数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
当前，“唯快不破、唯变不破”成为同业竞争的杀手锏，但总部式研发以及复杂系统耦合较难全面快速满足一线经营机构各类个性化需求。低代码开发模式通过可复用的交易模型、功能组件、业务流程，支持总、分行敏捷协同开发，大幅缩短了项目交付周期，能够快速响应市场。
2. 准——促进业技深度融合数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
数字化转型背景下，如何以“所想即所得、所见即所得”快速投产新产品，成为业务人员迫切需要解决的问题。低代码平台通过结构化数据、可视化流程将抽象需求具象化降低了业务与技术间的沟通成本，大幅提升软件系统与业务需求的贴合程度，使产品功能能够更精准满足市场客户诉求。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
3. 省——有效降低创新成本
需求激增带来了研发及人力成本上升，系统复杂性、人员流动性造成技术人员技能深度、广度严重不足，又进一步增加了创新成本。通过高质量代码组件封装，可最大程度减少代码开发工作量、提升协同效率，在降低人力成本和研发成本的同时，有效降低编码质量造成的运维成本。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
4. 易——助力开放银行发展
开放银行现已成为场景获客、生态融合的主要渠道。但由于一线分行及合作方的技术开发水平参差不齐，加之金融产品业务逻辑相对复杂，造成对接周期长、合作门槛高。利用低代码将服务按照场景进行组件封装、模板定制，可帮助分行及合作方实现快速组装对接，大幅提升商业银行开放融合能力。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
二、低代码业务场景应用实践探索
随着数字化转型进程加快，农行充分认识到低代码开发模式所带来的创新优势和发展潜力，陆续将低代码理念渗透至业务统计监测、智能模型构建、产品定制组装、开放银行对接等相关领域，通过总、分联动不断探索低代码赋能业技融合的敏捷创新模式。
1. 业务统计监测数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
农行低代码开发模式在统计监测领域的应用最早也最为成熟，基本达到了从数据导入、参数配置到前端交互的全流程低代码实施。2009年，农行信贷管理系统群报表统计工具——信贷数据直通车，已引入类低代码开发理念。数据维护人员以交互表单装载Cube、配置数据模型，业务人员基于Report Studio与Query Studio拖拽组合字段、灵活定制报表、一键快速发布，有效满足了全行信贷风险监测、经营决策等日常管理需要，这也是农行在低代码领域的最早实践。
近年来，为实现覆盖全量业务的灵活统计分析，农行发布自助查询分析低代码平台——商业智能数据服务平台。该平台进一步简化数据配置流程，支持系统管理员快速导入底层宽表数据、交互式参数配置。平台前端则基于VUE框架大幅提升交互体验，为业务人员提供更为智能友好的灵活查询、报表定制以及看板组装服务，并支持跨系统报表和看板的快速发布。该平台现已支持零售银行、场景金融、网络支付等业务的多维度查询、报表定制。
2. 智能模型构建数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
随着金融科技高速发展，农行内部各条线对于大数据、人工智能的需求呈上升趋势。为了降低技术应用门槛，农行按照低代码开发理念探索建设智能模型实验室，支持数据分析师在画布上拖拽组件、配置流程，初步实现数据探索、特征加工、特征工程、模型构建、模型评估、模型一键发布等交互式建模。平台兼顾业务人员和研发人员的需求，既支持基础元操作节点拖拽组合工作流，又支持命令行自由编程设计工作流。平台自上线后，协助总、分行数据分析师在智慧营销、智慧风控、智慧运营等领域探索构建了一批智能模型，加速了“数据业务化、业务数据化”进程，促进了数据高效赋能业务创新发展。
3. 产品定制组装
为降低运维成本、加快产品创新效率，农行研发综合应用平台流程图模式，面向后台交易以及产品微创新，采用“组件+流程配置”的低代码方式进行交易逻辑开发，以流程图拖拽快速组装交易，同时支持流程嵌套构建复杂交易逻辑。该模式不仅加快了新产品研发速度，而且减少了复杂交易编码差错率。以数字人民币二维码支付产品为例，农行利用原有人民币二维码应用平台系统沉淀的二维码生成、账务处理等相关功能组件，通过流程图模式进行流程组装、参数配置，复用组件封装好的复杂账务处理逻辑，以低代码形式快速、低成本实现了数字人民币二维码支付模块的投产上线，有效助力抢占数字人民币支付场景市场先机。
4. 开放场景对接数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
前期，农行在开放银行领域主要依靠分行拓展场景、总行进行系统对接，因此存在流程瓶颈。为提升分行技术研发能力，农行基于企业级架构推出低代码开发平台——轻云平台，支撑分行开发人员通过图形化界面，以拖拽组件和配置参数的方式完成业务逻辑和流程构建，有效促进分行移动端敏捷创新和开放拓客。以某分行为例，为了解决辖内各地市对于融资产品的定制需求，该分行应用低代码开发技术将身份识别、额度测算等功能封装成分行特色SDK组件，利用模板技术将各流程所需文档进行标准预处理，实现了新产品快速创新和组合应用，大幅提升了与政务平台的对接效率。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
三、未来应用展望和建议数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
总体来看，现阶段比较成熟的低代码开发实践主要集中在数据分析等内部管理领域，在产品创新核心领域的应用还处于起步阶段，未来仍蕴含着巨大的发展潜力。同时，在应用过程中，如何处理好通用性与灵活性、业务性与技术性、敏捷性与稳定性三项平衡，也是我们必须解决的难题。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
1. 发展机遇
一是实现技术民主，促进全民创新。低代码研发模式大幅降低了产品创新门槛，真正实现了技术民主化，对于人员富集的国有大型商业银行更是具有极大的应用潜力。业务人员简单学习即可自助组装产品，以微创新快速满足客户定制需求，从而通过全员共创打造更为强劲的创新驱动引擎。二是实现Bank 4.0，加速生态融合。与亚马逊、阿里等互联网巨头输出低代码服务不同，银行低代码平台仍主要用于赋能内部分行人员上，后续可将开放服务通过低代码平台提供给合作方，支持合作方人员以场景模板导入、图形式定制等方式便捷作业，此举将有效突破合作方技术能力瓶颈。三是实现数字孪生，支持精准决策。基于低代码数据应用平台，可有效解决数字孪生的时滞性瓶颈。前台部门数据分析师根据风险实时监测、业务统计分析、用户智能运营的需要，可即时进行业务指标和客户画像快速组装、敏捷优化、一键发布，对业务及客户进行高实时性数字动态仿真映射，为业务决策提供全面、精准的决策依据。
2. 面临挑战及建议数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
首先，通用性与灵活性间的平衡。低代码平台建设基础是进行组件封装和流程切块，组件功能和流程环节的定义都将直接影响研发及业务人员自助集成的灵活性及可行性。建议以市场及业务需求为导向，业务专家与技术人员共同进行功能组件界定封装，解耦基础功能与业务规则，通过规则引擎库支持必要的参数自定义配置。
其次，业务性与技术性间的平衡。现阶段部分低代码平台存在使用者画像界定不清的问题，导致技术方嫌封装过度不够通用灵活，业务方嫌配置逻辑过多不够通俗易懂，业技双方都用不惯。建议在规划建设时，商业银行应明确低代码平台定位及目标，对于业务应用平台，以无代码操作尽量降低学习成本，对于协同开发平台，则支持配置提升灵活性。
第三，敏捷性与稳定性间的平衡。对于商业银行来说，由于缺少实践检验，低代码开发模式对高并发量的核心关键金融系统（如掌银、网银等）的稳定性、安全性影响仍需进一步评估。建议实际推广中，从交易量小、并发量小、涉及系统少的业务领域入手，并以灰度发布等机制控制试点影响，稳妥扩展应用范围。数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
翻译：数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
It is predicted that by 2024, more than 65% of application development activities will be conducted in low-code mode, which will have great potential in promoting whole-person innovation, ecological integration, and digital twinning. This paper takes the digital transformation of low-code enabling commercial banks as the starting point, summarizes the application status of low-code combined with the case analysis of Agricultural Bank of China, and finally forecasts the application prospect of low-code commercial banks and puts forward suggestions.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
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Luo Aihua, deputy general manager of Network Finance Department of Agricultural Bank of China数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Low code facilitates the digital transformation of banks
As a modern application development mode, low code development has the characteristics of model driven, visual guidance, self – development, open integration and so on. Its appearance provides “fast, accurate, economical and easy” tools for commercial banks in the tide of digital transformation.
1. Fast – achieve market agile response数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
At present, “only fast but not broken, only change but not broken” has become the killer mace in the industry competition, but it is difficult for headquarters research and development and complex system coupling to fully and quickly meet the various personalized needs of front-line operating institutions. Low code development mode supports agile collaborative development of headquarters and branches through reusable transaction models, functional components and business processes, greatly shortening project delivery cycle and quickly responding to the market.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
2. Quasi – promote the deep integration of industry and technology
Under the background of digital transformation, how to quickly put new products into production with “what you want is what you get” has become an urgent problem for business personnel to solve. The low-code platform reified abstract requirements through structured data and visualization process, reduced the communication cost between business and technology, greatly improved the degree of fit between software system and business requirements, and enabled product functions to more accurately meet the demands of market customers.
3. Province — effectively reduce innovation costs
The surge in demand has brought about the rise in R&D and labor costs. The complexity of the system and the mobility of personnel have resulted in the serious shortage of the depth and breadth of technical personnel skills, which further increases the cost of innovation. Through high-quality code component encapsulation, the code development workload can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the collaborative efficiency can be improved. While reducing the labor cost and R&D cost, the operation and maintenance cost caused by coding quality can be effectively reduced.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
3. Easy — Facilitate the development of open banks
Open bank has become the main channel for scene customers and ecological integration. However, due to the uneven level of technology development of first-line branches and partners, as well as the relatively complex business logic of financial products, the docking cycle is long and the threshold of cooperation is high. The use of low codes to encapsulate components and customize templates in accordance with scenarios can help branches and partners realize rapid assembly and docking, and greatly improve the open and integration ability of commercial banks.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Low code business scenario application practice exploration数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
With the acceleration of digital transformation, Agricultural Bank of China has fully realized the innovation advantages and development potential brought by the low-code development mode, and has gradually infiltrated the low-code concept into business statistics and monitoring, intelligent model construction, product customization and assembly, open bank connection and other related fields, and constantly explored the agile innovation mode of low-code enabling industry and technology integration through general and sub-linkage.
1. Business statistical monitoring数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
ABC low code development mode has the earliest and most mature application in the field of statistical monitoring, and has basically achieved the implementation of low code in the whole process from data import, parameter configuration to front-end interaction. In 2009, Agricultural Bank of China’s credit management system group statement statistical tool – credit Data Through train, has introduced the concept of class low code development. Data maintenance personnel load Cube and configure data model with interactive forms, while business personnel drag and drop combined fields based on Report Studio and Query Studio, flexibly customize reports, and quickly publish with one click, effectively meeting the daily management needs of the whole bank such as credit risk monitoring and business decision-making. This is also the earliest practice in the low code area of AgBank.
In recent years, in order to achieve flexible statistical analysis covering a full range of business, Agricultural Bank of China released a low code platform for self-query analysis — business intelligence data service platform. The platform further simplifies the data configuration process, supporting system administrators to quickly import the underlying wide table data, interactive parameter configuration. The front end of the platform greatly improves the interactive experience based on the VUE framework, provides more intelligent and friendly flexible query, report customization and Kanban assembly services for business personnel, and supports the rapid release of reports and Kanbans across the system. The platform now supports multi-dimensional inquiry and report customization for retail banking, scene finance, online payment and other businesses.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
2. Intelligent model construction
With the rapid development of fintech, Agricultural Bank of China’s internal demands for big data and artificial intelligence are on the rise. In order to lower the threshold of technology application, Agricultural Bank of China explored the construction of an intelligent model laboratory in accordance with the concept of low-code development, supported data analysts to drag components and configuration processes on the canvas, and initially realized interactive modeling such as data exploration, feature processing, feature engineering, model construction, model evaluation and model one-click release.
The platform takes into account the needs of business personnel and research and development personnel. It not only supports the basic meta operation node drag combined workflow, but also supports the command line free programming design workflow. Since the launch of the platform, it has assisted data analysts of the head office and branches to explore and construct a number of intelligent models in the fields of intelligent marketing, intelligent risk control and intelligent operation, accelerated the process of “data business and business data”, and promoted the innovative development of data-efficient enabling business.
3. Customized assembly of products数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
In order to reduce operation and maintenance costs and speed up the efficiency of product innovation. Agricultural Bank of China developed the flow chart model of the integrated application platform. Which is oriented towards background transactions and product micro-innovation. It adopts the low-code mode of “component + process configuration” to develop the transaction logic, and uses the flow chart to drag and quickly assemble the transaction. While supporting the construction of complex transaction logic through process nested. This model not only speeds up the development of new products. But also reduces the coding error rate of complex transactions.
Taking the digital RMB two-dimensional code payment product as an example. Agricultural Bank of China uses the relevant functional components of the original RMB two-dimensional code application platform system. Such as two-dimensional code generation and accounting processing, to conduct process assembly and parameter configuration through flow chart mode. And reuse the complex accounting processing logic encapsulated by components. In the form of low code, the digital RMB two-dimensional code payment module is put into operation quickly and at low cost, effectively helping to seize the market opportunity in the digital RMB payment scenario.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
4. Enable scenario interconnection
In the early stage, Agricultural Bank of China mainly relied on branches to expand the scene and head office for system connection in the field of open banking. So there were process bottlenecks. In order to improve the technical research and development capability of the branch, Agricultural Bank of China launched a low-code development platform – Light Cloud platform based on the enterprise architecture. Which supports the developers of the branch to complete the construction of business logic and process by dragging components and configuration parameters through the graphical interface, effectively promoting agile innovation and open customers of the mobile terminal of the branch. 数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Taking a branch as an example, in order to solve the customized demand for financing products in various cities within its limit. The branch uses low-code development technology to encapsulate functions such as identity identification and quota calculation into characteristic SDK components of the branch. And uses template technology to conduct standard preprocessing of documents required by each process. Realizing rapid innovation and combined application of new products, and greatly improving the docking efficiency with the government affairs platform.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Future application prospects and suggestions
Generally speaking, the relatively mature low code development practice at the present stage is mainly concentrated in the internal management field such as data analysis, and its application in the core field of product innovation is still in its infancy, which still contains huge development potential in the future. At the same time, in the process of application, how to deal with the balance of universality and flexibility, business and technology, agility and stability is also a difficult problem we must solve.
1. Development opportunities数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
First, we should realize technological democracy and promote innovation for all. Low-code research and development mode greatly reduces the threshold of product innovation, truly realizes the democratization of technology. And has great application potential for large state-owned commercial banks with rich personnel. Business personnel can self-assemble products by simple learning, and quickly meet customers’ customized needs with micro-innovation. So as to create a more powerful innovation-driven engine through full staff co-creation.
The second is to realize Bank 4.0 and accelerate ecological integration. Different from the output of low-code services by Internet giants such as Amazon and Ali. The low-code platform of banks is still mainly used to empower the staff of internal branches. In the future, open services can be provided to partners through the low-code platform. And the staff of partners can be conveniently operated by importing scene templates and customizing diagrams. Which will effectively break through the technical capability bottleneck of partners.
Third, digital twinning is realized to support accurate decision-making. Based on the low code data application platform, the delay bottleneck of digital twinning can be solved effectively. According to the needs of real-time risk monitoring, business statistical analysis and user intelligent operation. The data analysts of the front desk department can promptly conduct rapid assembly. Agile optimization and one-click release of business indicators and customer portraits, and carry out high-real-time digital dynamic simulation mapping for business and customers, providing comprehensive and accurate decision-making basis for business decisions.
2. Face challenges and suggestions
First, the balance between versatility and flexibility. The construction of low code platform is based on component packaging and process cutting. The definition of component functions and process links will directly affect the flexibility and feasibility of R&D and business personnel self-service integration. It is recommended that service experts and technical personnel define and encapsulate functional components based on market and service requirements. Decouple basic functions and service rules, and support necessary parameter customization through the rule engine library.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Second, the balance between business and technology. At the present stage, some low-code platforms have the problem of unclear definition of user portraits. Resulting in the technical side is too much packaging is not general enough flexible. The business side is too much configuration logic is not easy to understand. Both the industry and technology are not used to it. It is suggested that commercial banks should clarify the positioning and objectives of low-code platforms during the planning and construction. For business application platforms, no-code operations should be adopted to reduce learning costs as far as possible. For collaborative development platforms, configuration should be supported to improve flexibility.数字化转型网szhzxw.cn
Third, the balance between agility and stability. For commercial banks, due to the lack of practice test. The impact of low code development mode on the stability and security of the core key financial systems with high concurrency (such as palm banking, online banking, etc.) still needs to be further evaluated. It is suggested that in the actual promotion. We should start from the business fields with small trading volume, small concurrency and few systems involved. And control the influence of the pilot with gray release mechanism, so as to steadily expand the application scope.
本文由数字化转型网（www.szhzxw.cn）转载而成，来源：金融电子化；编辑/翻译：数字化转型网宁檬树。
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